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Marine Ecology and Biodiversity by Remote Sensing Technology
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Marine Ecology and Biodiversity by Remote Sensing Technology

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Remote Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 26 February 2025 | Viewed by 3971

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Laura Martín-García

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto Español de Oceanografia, Calle del Corazón de María, 8, 28002 Madrid, Spain
Interests: marine and coastal habitats; marine biodiversity; spatial analysis
Prof. Dr. Manuel Arbelo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Física, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
Interests: remote sensing; geology engineering; meteorology; environmental sciences and ecology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coastal and Marine ecosystems are remarkable regions with high biodiversity that provide a broad range of services and functions, such as provisioning (fisheries), regulation and maintenance (blue carbon, erosion prevention, storm protection, life cycle maintenance of nurseries and refuge areas of commercial and endemic species), support (nutrients provision and primary production), and also cultural services (tourism, recreation). However, the increasing impact of human activities on coastal and marine areas makes the development of monitoring and management strategies crucial to safeguarding marine biodiversity and its ecosystem services.

Mapping based on Remote Sensing (RS) technology and Distribution Modelling (DM) has emerged as a powerful tool in these tasks, offering a comprehensive and non-intrusive means of studying vast and often inaccessible marine environments. Ecological models provide distribution patterns of species and habitats in areas in which the availability of reliable data is scarce, especially in marine environments; this plays an essential role in assessing ecosystem health and biodiversity in a context of global change. Remote sensing products can provide continuous data on the environmental factors that drive the distribution of marine organisms. The increasing availability of Earth observation (EO) data offers an unprecedented opportunity to extend the applicability of ecological models for both predictive and explanatory purposes.

This Special Issue specifically aims to address the successful application of these technologies, on a local to regional scale in coastal and marine environments, in relation to ecosystem productivity and biodiversity. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  • Integration of marine remote sensing data and species distribution models for mapping.
  • Identification of key environmental factors for the distribution of marine species.
  • Coastal and marine biodiversity—benthic habitats (seagrass, corals, and algae).
  • Analysis of time series of species distributions based on historical remote sensing data.
  • Evaluation of the status of fish stocks.
  • Sustainable management practices based on RS and DM information.

The Special Issue will accept both review and research papers.

Dr. Laura Martín-García
Prof. Dr. Manuel Arbelo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine and coastal habitats
  • habitat mapping
  • remote sensing
  • distribution models
  • marine biodiversity
  • coastal biodiversity
  • marine management

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

32 pages, 7438 KiB  
Article
Monitoring of Spatio-Temporal Variations of Oil Slicks via the Collocation of Multi-Source Satellite Images
by Tran Vu La, Ramona-Maria Pelich, Yu Li, Patrick Matgen and Marco Chini
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(16), 3110; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16163110 - 22 Aug 2024
Viewed by 779
Abstract
Monitoring oil drift by integrating multi-source satellite imagery has been a relatively underexplored practice due to the limited time-sampling of datasets. However, this limitation has been mitigated by the emergence of new satellite constellations equipped with both Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and optical [...] Read more.
Monitoring oil drift by integrating multi-source satellite imagery has been a relatively underexplored practice due to the limited time-sampling of datasets. However, this limitation has been mitigated by the emergence of new satellite constellations equipped with both Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and optical sensors. In this manuscript, we take advantage of multi-temporal and multi-source satellite imagery, incorporating SAR (Sentinel-1 and ICEYE-X) and optical data (Sentinel-2/3 and Landsat-8/9), to provide insights into the spatio-temporal variations of oil spills. We also analyze the impact of met–ocean conditions on oil drift, focusing on two specific scenarios: marine floating oil slicks off the coast of Qatar and oil spills resulting from a shipwreck off the coast of Mauritius. By overlaying oils detected from various sources, we observe their short-term and long-term evolution. Our analysis highlights the finding that changes in oil structure and size are influenced by strong surface winds, while surface currents predominantly affect the spread of oil spills. Moreover, to detect oil slicks across different datasets, we propose an innovative unsupervised algorithm that combines a Bayesian approach used to detect oil and look-alike objects with an oil contours approach distinguishing oil from look-alikes. This algorithm can be applied to both SAR and optical data, and the results demonstrate its ability to accurately identify oil slicks, even in the presence of oil look-alikes and under varying met–ocean conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Ecology and Biodiversity by Remote Sensing Technology)
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17 pages, 13739 KiB  
Article
Burrow Opening Measurements of Intertidal Macroinvertebrates from Optical Drone Images
by Su-Bin Ha, Yeongjae Jang, Jaehwan Seo, Keunyong Kim, Bon Joo Koo, Joo-Hyung Ryu and Seung-Kuk Lee
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(11), 1941; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16111941 - 28 May 2024
Viewed by 608
Abstract
Intertidal macroinvertebrates, such as crabs and mud shrimps, are invertebrates inhabiting the intertidal zone that are sufficiently large to be identified with the naked eye. Most intertidal macroinvertebrates typically construct burrows of various shapes in sediment to protect themselves from environmental extremes, with [...] Read more.
Intertidal macroinvertebrates, such as crabs and mud shrimps, are invertebrates inhabiting the intertidal zone that are sufficiently large to be identified with the naked eye. Most intertidal macroinvertebrates typically construct burrows of various shapes in sediment to protect themselves from environmental extremes, with surface openings that reflect features of their species and body size. Especially circular burrow openings correlate with an organism’s body size; thus, measuring these openings can provide estimates of the organism’s size, weight, growth rate, and biomass. Traditional studies of these organisms have relied on field surveys, which are constrained by time, cost, and logistical limitations. This study introduces an innovative method for measuring the burrow opening diameters of intertidal macroinvertebrates using high-resolution optical images from a portable drone system. By leveraging the reflectance disparity between the sediment and burrow openings, this method facilitates the extraction and sizing of burrow openings. Our methodology was applied to three crab species known for their circular burrow opening: the red-clawed fiddler, the milky fiddler, and the ghost crab. Validation was confirmed through field data from the Mageumri and Sinduri tidal flats, South Korea. The method achieved a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.94 and a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 1.68 mm across a diameter range of 6.21–33.59 mm. These findings suggest the potential of drone remote sensing systems as a non-invasive and efficacious approach for quantifying burrow sizes over extensive intertidal areas, thereby facilitating more accurate biomass estimations and surmounting the limitations of conventional field surveys. Future research could extend this method to additional species and further refine its precision. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Ecology and Biodiversity by Remote Sensing Technology)
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14 pages, 7879 KiB  
Article
Variability in Symbiont Chlorophyll of Hawaiian Corals from Field and Airborne Spectroscopy
by Gregory P. Asner, Crawford Drury, Nicholas R. Vaughn, Joshua R. Hancock and Roberta E. Martin
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(5), 732; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16050732 - 20 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1975
Abstract
Corals are habitat-forming organisms on tropical and sub-tropical reefs, often displaying diverse phenotypic behaviors that challenge field-based monitoring and assessment efforts. Symbiont chlorophyll (Chl) is a long-recognized indicator of intra- and inter-specific variation in coral’s response to environmental variability and stress, but the [...] Read more.
Corals are habitat-forming organisms on tropical and sub-tropical reefs, often displaying diverse phenotypic behaviors that challenge field-based monitoring and assessment efforts. Symbiont chlorophyll (Chl) is a long-recognized indicator of intra- and inter-specific variation in coral’s response to environmental variability and stress, but the quantitative Chl assessment of corals at the reef scale continues to prove challenging. We integrated field, airborne, and laboratory techniques to test and apply the use of reflectance spectroscopy for in situ and reef-scale estimation of Chl a and Chl c2 concentrations in a shallow reef environment of Kāne‘ohe Bay, O‘ahu. High-fidelity spectral signatures (420–660 nm) derived from field and airborne spectroscopy quantified Chl a and Chl c2 concentrations with demonstrable precision and accuracy. Airborne imaging spectroscopy revealed a 10-fold range of Chl concentrations across the reef ecosystem. We discovered a differential pattern of Chl a and Chl c2 use in symbiont algae in coexisting corals indicative of a physiological response to decreasing light levels with increasing water depth. The depth-dependent ratio of Chl c2:a indicated the presence of two distinct light-driven habitats spanning just 5 m of water depth range. Our findings provide a pathway for further study of coral pigment responses to environmental conditions using field and high-resolution airborne imaging spectroscopy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Ecology and Biodiversity by Remote Sensing Technology)
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