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Linking Marine Heatwaves/Cold-Spells, Eddies, and Sea Surface Features

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Remote Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 January 2025 | Viewed by 882

Special Issue Editors

School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Interests: mesoscale eddy; marine heatwaves; marine cold-spells; artificial intelligence
State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
Interests: ocean’s role in climate change; marine heatwaves; coral bleaching
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Continuous changes in global climate are altering sea surface features, such as marine heatwaves, cold spells, and oceanic eddies. These physical processes have unprecedented impacts on various marine organisms and human life. Research in this area has always been a prominent topic in terms of physical oceanography, yet our understanding remains incomplete. This Special Issue aims to explore the connections between marine heatwaves, cold spells, oceanic eddies, and sea surface features, focusing on their characteristics, mechanisms of generation and dissipation, future evolutionary trends, and impacts on marine ecosystems and climate change. We welcome original research, review articles, and case studies utilizing remote sensing technologies, AI technologies, and other advanced methodologies. Contributions should cover disciplines such as physical oceanography and climatology. By integrating multidisciplinary research findings, this Special Issue hopes to reveal the driving mechanisms and interactions of these ocean phenomena.

Dr. Wenjin Sun
Dr. Yulong Yao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • marine heatwaves
  • marine cold-spells
  • oceanic eddies
  • sea surface features
  • remote sensing
  • AI
  • climate change
  • ecosystem impacts

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 15528 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Lofoten Vortex Merging Based on Altimeter Data
by Jing Meng, Yu Liu, Guoqing Han, Xiayan Lin and Juncheng Xie
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(20), 3796; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16203796 - 12 Oct 2024
Viewed by 221
Abstract
The Lofoten Vortex (LV), which is identified as a quasi-permanent anticyclonic eddy, strengthens through continuous merging with external anticyclonic eddies. Our investigation used the Lagrangian method to monitor the LV on a daily basis. Utilizing satellite altimeter data, we conducted multi-year tracking and [...] Read more.
The Lofoten Vortex (LV), which is identified as a quasi-permanent anticyclonic eddy, strengthens through continuous merging with external anticyclonic eddies. Our investigation used the Lagrangian method to monitor the LV on a daily basis. Utilizing satellite altimeter data, we conducted multi-year tracking and statistical analysis of merging events involving the LV. The results indicate a characteristic radius of approximately 42.72 km and a mean vorticity at the eddy center of approximately −2.23 × 10−5 s−1. The eddy exhibits oscillatory motion within the sea basin depression, centered at 70°N, 3°E, characterized by counterclockwise trajectories between 0.5°E and 6°E and between 69°N and 70.5°N. There are two types of merging events: fusion events (55%), in which eddies of similar strengths interact within a closed flow line and then merge to form a new eddy; and absorption events (45%), in which the stronger LV absorbs the weaker anticyclonic eddies without destroying the structure of the LV itself. The nodes where strong vorticity advection occurs correspond to the nodes where merging occurs, suggesting that their effect on merging can be well characterized by the vorticity advection time series. We also observe occasional fluctuations and substitution events involving the LV and external anticyclonic eddies, suggesting a dynamic succession rather than a single vortex entity. Full article
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20 pages, 10975 KiB  
Article
Numerical Weather Prediction of Sea Surface Temperature in South China Sea Using Attention-Based Context Fusion Network
by Hailun He, Benyun Shi, Yuting Zhu, Liu Feng, Conghui Ge, Qi Tan, Yue Peng, Yang Liu, Zheng Ling and Shuang Li
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(20), 3793; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16203793 - 12 Oct 2024
Viewed by 307
Abstract
Numerical weather prediction of sea surface temperature (SST) is crucial for regional operational forecasts. Deep learning offers an alternative approach to traditional numerical general circulation models for numerical weather prediction. In our previous work, we developed a sophisticated deep learning model known as [...] Read more.
Numerical weather prediction of sea surface temperature (SST) is crucial for regional operational forecasts. Deep learning offers an alternative approach to traditional numerical general circulation models for numerical weather prediction. In our previous work, we developed a sophisticated deep learning model known as the Attention-based Context Fusion Network (ACFN). This model integrates an attention mechanism with a convolutional neural network framework. In this study, we applied the ACFN model to the South China Sea to evaluate its performance in predicting SST. The results indicate that for a 1-day lead time, the ACFN model achieves a Mean Absolute Error of 0.215 °C and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.972. In addition, in situ buoy data were utilized to validate the forecast results. The Mean Absolute Error for forecasts using these data increased to 0.500 °C for a 1-day lead time, with a corresponding R2 of 0.590. Comparative analyses show that the ACFN model surpasses traditional models such as ConvLSTM and PredRNN in terms of accuracy and reliability. Full article
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