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Applied Research on Phytoremediation of Soil and Water: New Insights and Approaches

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Prof. Dr. Lan Wu

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Guest Editor

School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330022, China
Interests: microbial ecology; microbial leaching technology; phytoremediation of rare earth tailings

Dr. Yizhen Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330022, China
Interests: vegetation restoration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The persistent contamination of soil and water constitutes a significant challenge, with hazardous substances having the potential to cause severe damage to the environment and human health. Effective remediation is required to mitigate these adverse impacts on natural resources and the ecosystem. Phytoremediation, an innovative approach that utilizes plants to clean contaminated soil and water, offers a promising and eco-friendly solution. This research field is of paramount importance, as it provides a cost-effective and sustainable method for managing hazardous substances and promoting a cleaner and safer world.

In this Special Issue, we welcome submissions from experts in the field of phytoremediation. Papers should focus on advances in plant selection and utilization, and the underlying mechanisms, optimization of processes, and assessment of the effectiveness of phytoremediation. Original research and review articles that emphasize practical applications and real-world solutions are particularly welcome.

Prof. Dr. Lan Wu
Dr. Yizhen Liu
Guest Editors

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15 pages, 3219 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of the Degradation Characteristics of Chlorpyrifos in an Electrochemically Constructed Wetland Coupled System under Different Pesticide Exposure Conditions and Microbial Community Analysis

by Yuhang Wang, Aibo Hao, Yue Quan, Mingji Jin and Wenhua Piao

Sustainability 2023, 15(22), 15958; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215958 - 15 Nov 2023

Viewed by 924

Abstract

This study investigates the degradation characteristics of chlorpyrifos under individual exposure and compound exposure to multiple pesticides in both traditional constructed wetlands and electrochemically constructed wetland coupled systems, while also analyzing the microbial communities within the systems using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results show that the electric field can enhance the degradation performance of the system. The degradation effect of the coupled electrochemically constructed wetland coupled system is better than that of the traditional constructed wetland, while the compound exposure to multiple pesticides inhibits the degradation efficiency. Under the influence of pesticides, the diversity of microbial communities decreases towards the end of the system operation, and the electrochemically constructed wetland coupled system exhibits lower diversity compared to the traditional constructed wetland. Proteobacteria is the dominant phylum under compound exposure to multiple pesticides, while Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Aeromonas, and Methylophilus are the dominant electrochemically active phyla and genera in the electrochemically constructed wetland coupled system. The impact of pesticides and the electric field results in a decrease in amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism functions, while membrane transport functions increase. The compound exposure to multiple pesticides has a more significant impact on the microbial community structure and functionality than the electric field. The results also lay a theoretical foundation for the expansion of pesticide degradation technology and constructed wetland treatment technology to new fields, which is of great significance in realizing the “zero direct discharge” of agricultural production wastewater, solving the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution and ensuring the availability of agricultural production. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Research on Phytoremediation of Soil and Water: New Insights and Approaches)

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18 pages, 6389 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Plant-Soil Carbon Storage in Dynamic Succession of Ecological Restoration in National Grassland Natural Park

by Junfang Wang, Guodong Han, Zhaoming Wang, Jinfeng Yun, Zhongwu Wang, Zhiguo Li, Shijie Lv and Jie Qin

Sustainability 2023, 15(22), 15837; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215837 - 10 Nov 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1614

Abstract

Ecological restoration has a positive impact on global climate change. How plant-soil stores carbon in degraded grassland ecological restoration requires long-term monitoring and support. To reveal the dynamics of plant-soil carbon storage in the succession process of ecological restoration, compare the effects of artificial interference and natural restoration, and determine the impact of climate change and biodiversity on vegetation soil carbon storage, we conducted a study in National Grassland Natural Park, which is located on the southern foot of the Yinshan Mountains in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Based on long restoration chronosequences (2012–2022), using a space-for-time substitution approach and one-way ANOVA tests, Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling were used to investigate the interactions among these various factors. The results indicated that the carbon storage of aboveground vegetation first increased, and then, decreased with time. The underground root carbon storage and soil carbon storage at 0–10 cm and 20–30 cm first increased, then decreased, and finally, stabilized. The highest soil carbon storage (0–30 cm) was 102.11 t/ha in 2013, which accounted for 96.61% of the total organic carbon storage. The Shannon–Wiener index, individual number of species, and surface root carbon storage (0–10 cm) significantly increased the carbon storage of surface soil (0–10 cm) (p < 0.05). Compared to natural restoration, artificial restoration over seven years decreased soil carbon storage at 0–30 cm and underground root carbon storage at 0–10 cm (p < 0.05). Consequently, combining artificial restoration with natural restoration can help in establishing a more stable ecosystem faster and in increasing the carbon storage of the ecosystem. It is an effective management measure to promote grassland restoration in arid areas. Also, climate (MAT, MAP) change was closely correlated with plant-soil carbon storage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Research on Phytoremediation of Soil and Water: New Insights and Approaches)

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