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Towards Environmental Sustainability and Clean Energy: Multi-Scale Exploration of Gas Hydrate

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2026) | Viewed by 1209

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
Interests: petrophysics experiment; digital rock technology; gas hydrates; well logging interpretation and evaluation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Interests: well logging methods and interoretation; rock physics; digital rock technology; multi-scale; multi-phase and multi-field coupling supercomputing theory
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
College of Energy and Mining Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
Interests: geomechanics; rock mechanics; rock physics of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs; natural gas
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, Xi’an, China
Interests: geophysical exploration of gas hydrate

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Natural gas hydrates are considered as a clean energy resource and can effectively mitigate environmental pollution while guaranteeing energy security. Although gas hydrate reserves are abundant and widely distributed in terrestrial permafrost and marine sediments, some achievements have been made in the pilot production of gas hydrate all over the world. However, there are still many problems to be overcome and solved, and the mechanism problems need to be explored and analysed before the complete successful commercial exploitation. Accordingly, the latest research results in related fields are collected for the study and reference of scientific researchers.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but not limited to) the following: The analysis of mechanism and influencing factors of the formation and decomposition of gas hydrate at molecular scale, the petrophysics properties response mechanism (resistivity, acoustic velocity, mechanics, permeability, and nuclear magnetic resonance) of gas hydrates at plunger scale, the methods of well logging identification and parameters calculation for gas hydrates, seismic identification of gas hydrate reservoirs and estimation of reserves, gas hydrate production technology and methods, geological hazards and risks caused by gas hydrate.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Huaimin Dong
Dr. Weichao Yan
Dr. Naser Golsanami
Dr. Sha Song
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • natural gas hydrates
  • molecular simulation
  • petrophysics experiments
  • digital rock technology
  • well logging
  • reservoir evaluation
  • seismic exploration
  • production technique
  • clean energy
  • environment and energy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

39 pages, 16079 KB  
Review
Laboratory Synthesis and Characterization of Natural Gas Hydrates for Sustainable Gas Production from Hydrate-Bearing Sediments
by Naser Golsanami, Emmanuel Gyimah, Guanlin Wu, Shanilka G. Fernando, Zhi Zhang, Xinqi Wang, Bin Gong, Huaimin Dong, Behzad Saberali, Mahmoud Behnia, Fan Feng and Madusanka Nirosh Jayasuriya
Sustainability 2026, 18(5), 2401; https://doi.org/10.3390/su18052401 - 2 Mar 2026
Viewed by 467
Abstract
Natural gas hydrate (NGH) deposits represent a vast and clean energy source. However, sustainable gas production from these resources remains an unsolved technical problem due to potential geohazards and climate challenges. A critical issue in this regard is the difficulty of obtaining in [...] Read more.
Natural gas hydrate (NGH) deposits represent a vast and clean energy source. However, sustainable gas production from these resources remains an unsolved technical problem due to potential geohazards and climate challenges. A critical issue in this regard is the difficulty of obtaining in situ samples, which are essential for detailed laboratory studies of NGH’s geomechanical and chemical behavior for safe and green gas production after hydrate dissociation. Currently, the retrieval of representative samples from NGH reservoirs is hindered by significant technological limitations and high costs. Consequently, laboratory-synthesized gas hydrate-bearing sediment (HBS) samples are crucial for controlled research purposes and validating numerical simulation models and are used in the majority of research studies. With this in mind and considering the complexity of synthesizing HBS samples, this study comprehensively reviews different methods of synthesizing gas hydrates in porous media, including excess-gas, excess-water, dissolved-gas, spray, bubble injection, and hybrid techniques. Each method produces distinct hydrate morphologies (e.g., pore-filling, cementing, grain-coating, etc.) and saturation levels, with trade-offs in speed, uniformity, reproducibility, and ease of control. Furthermore, the current review details the synergic application of non-invasive characterization techniques, i.e., X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), in studying gas hydrates. CT provides high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) structural images of pore geometry and hydrate distribution, while NMR/MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) quantifies fluid saturations and tracks hydrate formation/dissociation dynamics in real time. The synergistic use of CT and NMR offers a powerful multimodal approach, overcoming individual limitations such as CT’s poor hydrate–water contrast detection and NMR’s indirect hydrate inference, which could help in the sustainable synthesis of particular hydrate morphologies. Finally, the critical analysis of current technological challenges or gaps and also the emerging trends and future directions in the study of HBS, including advanced imaging techniques, AI-assisted analysis, and standardization efforts, etc., are discussed. It was found that the selection of the most appropriate method for natural gas hydrate synthesis is mostly task-specific, and the emerging technologies have facilitated the synthesis of HBS samples with more precise control of morphology, saturation, etc. This review provides the required insights for sustainable synthesis and characterization of hydrate-bearing sediments samples and serves sustainable gas production from natural gas hydrate reservoirs. Full article
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