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Sustainability
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Biomass Conversion and Green Technology
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Biomass Conversion and Green Technology

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Chemical Engineering and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (8 December 2023) | Viewed by 1929

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yunan Chen

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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Interests: waste management; recycling reuse; energy conversion; environmental assessments; landfill disposal; treatment; economic analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lei Yi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
International Institute for Innovation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
Interests: energy power multiphase flow; hydrogen energy science and technology; harmless treatment and resource utilization of organic waste
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Wen Cao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering，Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
Interests: biomass conversion; hydrogen production
Dr. Dianyu E

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
International Institute for Innovation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China
Interests: metallurgical engineering; energy and power engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to publish original research papers and short communications, review articles, and case studies on biological resources, chemical and biological processes, and biomass products for new renewable sources of energy and materials.

Key areas covered by this Special Issue include:

  • Biomass: sources, energy crop production processes, genetic improvements, and composition. Please note that research on these biomass subjects must be linked directly to bioenergy generation.
  • Biological Residues: residues/rests from agricultural production, forestry and plantations (palm, sugar, etc.), processing industries, and municipal sources (MSW). Papers on the use of biomass residues through innovative processes/technological novelty and/or consideration of feedstock/system sustainability (or unsustainability) are welcomed. However, waste treatment processes and pollution control or mitigation strategies that are only tangentially related to bioenergy are not in the scope of the journal as they are more suited to publications in the environmental arena. Papers that describe conventional waste streams (i.e., those that are well described in existing literature) that do not empirically address 'new' added value from the process are not suitable for submission to the journal.
  • Bioenergy Processes: fermentation, thermochemical conversion, liquid and gaseous fuels, and petrochemical substitutes.
  • Bioenergy Utilization: direct combustion, gasification, electricity production, chemical processes, and by-product remediation.
  • Biomass and the Environment: carbon cycle, the net energy efficiency of bioenergy systems, assessment of sustainability, and biodiversity issues.

Dr. Yunan Chen
Dr. Lei Yi
Dr. Wen Cao
Dr. Dianyu E
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomass conversion
  • bioenergy processes
  • bioenergy utilization
  • biomass and the environment
  • multiphase flow
  • computational techniques

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1625 KiB  
Article
Conversion of Post-Refining Waste MONG to Gaseous Fuel in a Rotary Gasifier
by Andrzej Sitka, Piotr Szulc, Daniel Smykowski, Beata Anwajler, Tomasz Tietze and Wiesław Jodkowski
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 4251; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104251 - 18 May 2024
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Abstract
Biodiesel manufacturing frequently employs sustainable materials like soybeans, microorganisms, palm extract, jatropha plant, and recycled frying oils. The expansion of biodiesel manufacturing has escalated the volume of waste byproducts, encompassing glycerin and non-glycerin organic matter (MONG), jointly known as raw glycerin. MONG is [...] Read more.
Biodiesel manufacturing frequently employs sustainable materials like soybeans, microorganisms, palm extract, jatropha plant, and recycled frying oils. The expansion of biodiesel manufacturing has escalated the volume of waste byproducts, encompassing glycerin and non-glycerin organic matter (MONG), jointly known as raw glycerin. MONG is characterized by a low calorific value, a high autoignition temperature, and significant viscosity at room temperature. As a waste product, it negatively affects the natural environment due to the lack of viable disposal methods. Hence, there is a need for its conversion into high-calorific gaseous fuel with significantly less environmental impact. One of the methods for converting MONG into gaseous fuel is the pyrolysis process. This study describes the pyrolytic conversion of MONG conducted on a test stand consisting of a rotating chamber with a shell filled with liquid lead as a heating medium. Based on the measurements and balance calculations, the amount of heat required to preserve the autothermal process was determined. The calorific value and composition of the pyrolytic gas were measured, revealing that 70% of the gas involves compounds characterized by a high calorific value. As a result, the calorific value of dry, purified gas equals 35.07 MJ/kg. A life cycle assessment has been conducted, in order to determine if the produced gaseous fuel matches sustainable development criteria. MONG-based gas is a sustainable replacement of, e.g., natural gas, lignite, or hard coal; however, it allows us to avoid 233–416 kg/h CO2 emissions per 1 MWt of heat. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomass Conversion and Green Technology)
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10 pages, 2603 KiB  
Brief Report
Molecular Dynamics Investigation of the Gasification and Hydrogen Production Mechanism of Phenol in Supercritical Water
by Zhigang Liu, Liang Wu, Yue Qiu, Fan Liu, Lei Yi and Bin Chen
Sustainability 2023, 15(17), 12880; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712880 - 25 Aug 2023
Viewed by 834
Abstract
Supercritical water gasification is an efficient and clean method for converting biomass into hydrogen-rich gas. Phenol plays a crucial role as an intermediate product in biomass supercritical water gasification, and studying its reaction pathway in supercritical water is essential for understanding the chemical [...] Read more.
Supercritical water gasification is an efficient and clean method for converting biomass into hydrogen-rich gas. Phenol plays a crucial role as an intermediate product in biomass supercritical water gasification, and studying its reaction pathway in supercritical water is essential for understanding the chemical reaction mechanism and optimizing biomass energy conversion processes. In this paper, we investigated the conversion mechanism of phenol gasification and hydrogen production in supercritical water using a combined approach of reactive force field (ReaxFF) and density functional theory (DFT). We determined the decomposition pathways and product distribution of phenol in supercritical water. The calculation results demonstrate that in the supercritical water system, the efficiency of phenol conversion for hydrogen production is approximately 27 times higher than that of hydrogen production through gasification in the pyrolysis state. Moreover, both the carbon conversion rate and hydrogenation rate in the supercritical water system are significantly higher compared to those in the pyrolysis system. Furthermore, we found that the energy in the supercritical system is approximately half that of the pyrolysis system, favoring the ring-opening reactions of phenol and promoting hydrogen production. In contrast, the pyrolysis system produces a greater quantity of aromatic compounds, leading to tar formation and having significant implications for both the reaction process and reactor design. Additionally, we conducted comparative experiments between the supercritical water gasification process and the pyrolysis process to explore the advantages of supercritical water gasification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomass Conversion and Green Technology)
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