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Mountain Hazards and Environmental Sustainability

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Hazards and Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1390

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: erosion control; forest hydrology; vegetation succession

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Guest Editor
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: debris flow; landslide; soil erosion; forest disaster; countermeasure facilities

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mountainous regions possess diverse terrains, unique ecosystems, and distinctive natural environments. However, these areas also face high risks of natural disasters and are particularly vulnerable to environmental changes. In recent years, climate change and human activities have led to an increase in unprecedented types and scales of mountain disasters. For example, landslides and floods caused by glacier melting, large-scale avalanches, active volcanic activity, and landslides triggered by heavy rains have become serious issues. Additionally, sediment from destabilized slopes due to forest fires, deforestation, and mountain development can exacerbate these disasters. To address these emerging challenges, it is crucial to gather the latest knowledge and implement effective measures.

This Special Issue seeks to enhance understanding of mountain hazards, which are becoming increasingly unpredictable and complex, and to explore effective responses for sustaining the environment. This project specifically aims to elucidate the mechanisms of mountain hazards, examine adaptation and mitigation measures, and propose strategies for sustainable management and conservation to protect local communities and ecosystems. This knowledge will help reduce future disaster risks and promote sustainable development in the region.

A wide range of original papers and reviews are welcome in this Special Issue, including, but not limited to, the following research areas:

  • Climate change and mountain environments;
  • Geology and landslide risk assessment;
  • Avalanche forecasting and countermeasures;
  • Volcanic activity and its impacts;
  • Ecosystems and biodiversity in mountainous regions;
  • Forest conservation and restoration;
  • Forest fires;
  • Deforestation;
  • Mountain development;
  • Environmental management and sustainable development;
  • Risk assessment and mapping of natural disasters;
  • Early warning systems.

We aim to contribute to the sustainable development of mountain regions. We welcome science-based countermeasures and innovative approaches that effectively reduce disaster risks while minimizing environmental impact. Examples include using vegetation to prevent landslides and avalanches, applying eco-engineering, and predicting risks through continuous monitoring.

Dr. Taeko Wakahara
Prof. Dr. Yoshiharu Ishikawa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mountain hazards
  • environmental sustainability
  • nature-based solutions
  • monitoring and early warning

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 10117 KB  
Article
Inventory, Distribution and Geometric Characteristics of Landslides in the Dongchuan District, Yunnan Province, China
by Shaochang Liu, Siyuan Ma and Xiaoli Chen
Sustainability 2026, 18(8), 3994; https://doi.org/10.3390/su18083994 - 17 Apr 2026
Viewed by 207
Abstract
The Dongchuan District in Kunming City is located in the transition zone between the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau and the Sichuan Basin. As a region with a copper mining history of over 2000 years, the district has experienced frequent landslides that pose serious threats to [...] Read more.
The Dongchuan District in Kunming City is located in the transition zone between the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau and the Sichuan Basin. As a region with a copper mining history of over 2000 years, the district has experienced frequent landslides that pose serious threats to human lives, property, and ecological sustainability. Therefore, it is essential to compile a comprehensive landslide inventory and analyze the relationships between landslide spatial distribution and influencing factors for geological hazard prevention. High-resolution remote sensing imagery was interpreted to establish a landslide inventory, based on which the spatial distribution and geometric characteristics of landslides were systematically analyzed. The results show that a total of 1623 landslides were identified, with a total area of 10.36 km2. Landslides predominantly occur at elevations of 1000–2000 m, on slopes of 20–45°, with aspects of 255–285°, and relief between 150 and 400 m, in areas with annual rainfall below 825 mm, within 1000 m of rivers and 3000 m of fault lines, and 1000–5000 m of mines. Four landslide clusters were delineated along the Xiao River Fault, highlighting the significant influence of the fault on the spatial distribution of landslides. Most landslides are longitudinal in planform, with travel distances (L) of 50–450 m and heights (H) from 25 to 350 m, both exhibiting allometric scaling with volume. The mean H/L ratio is 0.56 (corresponding to a mean reach angle of 29°), significantly higher than that in Baoshan City (21°). The results provide insights into landslide initiation mechanisms and spatial distribution patterns on the northern margin of the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau, offering valuable data for landslide hazard assessment and sustainable regional development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mountain Hazards and Environmental Sustainability)
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19 pages, 1988 KB  
Article
Deer Disturbance Dominates Soil Erosion on a High-Elevation Forested Hillslope in Central Japan
by Taijiro Fukuyama, Masaaki Hanaoka and Yasunari Hayashi
Sustainability 2026, 18(8), 3815; https://doi.org/10.3390/su18083815 - 12 Apr 2026
Viewed by 514
Abstract
Soil erosion in mountain environments is governed by the interaction of climatic drivers, surface conditions, and geomorphic connectivity. Recently, disturbance by large herbivores has been recognized as a potentially important but poorly quantified geomorphic driver. However, the combined effects of freeze–thaw processes and [...] Read more.
Soil erosion in mountain environments is governed by the interaction of climatic drivers, surface conditions, and geomorphic connectivity. Recently, disturbance by large herbivores has been recognized as a potentially important but poorly quantified geomorphic driver. However, the combined effects of freeze–thaw processes and ungulate disturbance on sediment production remain unclear. This study provides quantitative field-based evidence linking deer activity to hillslope sediment flux in a montane forest catchment in central Japan. A six-year dataset (2019–2025), including climatic conditions, deer detections from camera traps, understory vegetation cover, and hillslope sediment flux (<9.5 mm) was analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was conducted using daily sediment flux as the response variable and maximum 1 h rainfall, freeze–thaw frequency, and daily deer detections as explanatory variables. The results showed that deer detections had a significant positive effect on sediment flux, whereas rainfall intensity and freeze–thaw frequency did not exhibit strong independent effects. Particle-size analysis further indicated that eroded sediment was markedly coarser than the surface soil, suggesting that short-term climatic drivers alone did not control sediment transport. These findings demonstrate that biotic disturbance by large herbivores can play a dominant role in hillslope sediment flux under cold, high-elevation conditions by modifying surface conditions and sediment connectivity. From a sustainability perspective, these results highlight the importance of managing deer populations to maintain ecosystem stability, prevent land degradation, and support sustainable forest and watershed management under changing environmental conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mountain Hazards and Environmental Sustainability)
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