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Vehicular Communications for Sustainable Mobility and Transportation

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Transportation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 February 2022) | Viewed by 10686

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Computer Science Department, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
Interests: Vehicular communications; Beyond 5G; MIMO; Millimeter-wave communications

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Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Computer Science Department, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
Interests: Beyond 5G; Advanced multi-antenna techniques; Channel estimation; Software Defined Radio
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Fivecomm, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Interests: 5G and beyond; Vehicular communications;

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The emergence of advanced Vehicular Communications in 5G and Beyond 5G Wireless standards has paved the way to new services and applications aimed at improving road safety, travel comfort, and traffic efficiency, while reducing the environmental impact of users’ mobility, transportation networks and the communication itself. Vehicular Communications are then of paramount importance for Sustainable Mobility and Transportation. Among other benefits, wireless connectivity among vehicles (referred to as V2V communications) and between vehicles and the infrastructure (referred to as V2I communications) will help to increase the capacity of existing transportation networks by adding new communication capabilities to connected vehicles. In particular, autonomous driving applications such as platooning are fundamental for energy and fuel saving in the roads. CO2 emissions can also be reduced with a more efficient management of the traffic using the communication (through optimised driving itineraries, vehicle speed harmonization, green light coordination, etc.) which reduces the congestion of the roads. Shared mobility can also be encouraged by better communications, which has a clear impact on the environmental footprint of mobility. In fact, the European Commission, in its Green Deal, has recognized the importance of 5G and these new communications to achieve its goals of reduced emissions and air pollution and is supporting Cooperative-Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) and Cooperative Connected and Automated Mobility (CCAM) in its research programs and policies.

All those applications, however, may impose very strict Quality of Service (QoS) and latency requirements in the communication system, which should be addressed by future vehicular communications technologies. For example, one of the aspects currently under test is the ability of cellular V2X systems to provide seamless connectivity in cross-border corridors. Artificial intelligence, edge computing, millimeter waves, or advanced MIMO schemes, are just a few technologies whose integration with the advanced vehicular communication standards may help to fulfill the above mentioned requirements.

This Special Issue is seeking for high quality original contributions addressing the main research challenges in vehicular communications. The possible contributions should consist in original unpublished theoretical or practical analyses validated by simulations or real testbeds. Impact of vehicular communications on sustainability should be addressed, either quantitatively or qualitatively, in the contributions.

Dr. Sandra Roger
Dr. Carmen Botella-Mascarell
Dr. David Martín-Sacristán
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • Vehicular communications
  • Sustainable Mobility
  • Green-driving
  • (Cooperative)—Intelligent Transportation Systems
  • Autonomous driving
  • Cooperative Connected and Automated Mobility (CCAM)
  • Beyond 5G networks
  • Artificial-Intelligence-enabled vehicular communications
  • Millimeter-wave vehicular communications
  • MIMO for vehicular communications

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 1708 KiB  
Article
LTE/NR V2X Communication Modes and Future Requirements of Intelligent Transportation Systems Based on MR-DC Architectures
by Edgar E. González, David Garcia-Roger and Jose F. Monserrat
Sustainability 2022, 14(7), 3879; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14073879 - 25 Mar 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4232
Abstract
This paper deals with the potential of Third Generation Partnership (3GPP) Project mobile cellular standards to enable vehicular communications. Starting from 3GPP Release 15, and Release 16 specifications for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications, the different communication modes, interfaces and use cases for V2X based [...] Read more.
This paper deals with the potential of Third Generation Partnership (3GPP) Project mobile cellular standards to enable vehicular communications. Starting from 3GPP Release 15, and Release 16 specifications for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications, the different communication modes, interfaces and use cases for V2X based on Long Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR) are analyzed. This research also studies the potential beneficial impact on V2X of a network that is aware of the underlying Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) architecture. The methodology followed in this work consists of a review of 3GPP standards for vehicular communications based on mobile networks. The performance evaluation of the communication modes was performed through simulations taking into account resource allocation schemes, packet transmission frequencies, packet size, vehicle density and other parameters defined in the standard. In order to perform simulations of the decentralized communication mode (mode 4), a simulator based on OMNeT++ was configured. For the centralized mode (mode 3), an analytical model in MATLAB was used to configure different simulation scenarios. The results obtained indicate that LTE networks can only support basic V2X use cases because they do not demand strict potential requirements. Simulations showed that the centralized mode offers better performance than mode 4; however, it requires cellular network coverage. More advanced use cases are key for a future Intelligent Transport System (ITS), high-performance networks (i.e., Fifth Generation (5G), NR) are expected to coexist gradually with LTE in the V2X landscape. Therefore, in order to meet the strict requirements for latency, transmission speed and reliability, MR-DC architectures combining different radio access technologies, communication modes and connection interfaces should be deployed. In addition, operation in multi-operator and cross-border scenarios must be guaranteed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vehicular Communications for Sustainable Mobility and Transportation)
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25 pages, 394 KiB  
Article
Sustainable Data Governance for Cooperative, Connected and Automated Mobility in the European Union
by Jozef Andraško, Ondrej Hamuľák, Matúš Mesarčík, Tanel Kerikmäe and Aleksi Kajander
Sustainability 2021, 13(19), 10610; https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910610 - 24 Sep 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3314
Abstract
The article focuses on the issue of data governance in connected vehicles through a novel analysis of current legal frameworks in the European Union. The analysis of relevant legislation, judicial decisions, and doctrines is supplemented by discussions relating to associated sustainability issues. Relevant [...] Read more.
The article focuses on the issue of data governance in connected vehicles through a novel analysis of current legal frameworks in the European Union. The analysis of relevant legislation, judicial decisions, and doctrines is supplemented by discussions relating to associated sustainability issues. Relevant notions of autonomous vehicles are analyzed, and a respective legal framework is introduced. Although fully automated vehicles are a matter for the future, the time to regulate is now. The European Union aims to create cooperative, connected, and automated mobility based on cooperation between different interconnected types of machinery. The essence of the system is data flow, as data governance in connected vehicles is one of the most intensively discussed themes nowadays. This triggers a need to analyze relevant legal frameworks in connection with fundamental rights and freedoms. Replacing human decision-making with artificial intelligence has the capacity to erode long-held and protected social and cultural values, such as the autonomy of individuals as has already been in evidence in legislation. Finally, the article deals with the issue of responsibility and liability of different actors involved in processing personal data according to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) applied to the environment of connected and automated vehicle (CAV) smart infrastructure. Based on a definition and analysis of three model situations, we point out that in several cases of processing personal data within the CAV, it proves extremely demanding to determine the liable entity, due to the functional and relatively broad interpretation of the concept of joint controllers, in terms of the possibility of converging decisions on the purposes and means of processing within the vehicles discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vehicular Communications for Sustainable Mobility and Transportation)
15 pages, 1052 KiB  
Article
Synchronization-Free RadChat for Automotive Radar Interference Mitigation
by Canan Aydogdu, Henk Wymeersch, Olof Eriksson, Hans Herbertsson and Mats Rydström
Sustainability 2021, 13(12), 6891; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126891 - 18 Jun 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2026
Abstract
Automotive radar interference mitigation is expected to be inherent in all future ADAS and AD vehicles. Joint radar communications is a candidate technology for removing this interference by coordinating radar sensing through communication. Coordination of radars requires strict time synchronization among vehicles, and [...] Read more.
Automotive radar interference mitigation is expected to be inherent in all future ADAS and AD vehicles. Joint radar communications is a candidate technology for removing this interference by coordinating radar sensing through communication. Coordination of radars requires strict time synchronization among vehicles, and our formerly proposed protocol (RadChat) achieves this by a precise absolute time, provided by GPS clocks of vehicles. However, interference might appear if synchronization among vehicles is lost in case GPS is spoofed, satellites are blocked over short intervals, or GPS is restarted/updated. Here we present a synchronization-free version of RadChat (Sync-free RadChat), which relies on using the relative time for radar coordination, eliminating the dependency on the absolute time provided by GPS. Simulation results obtained for various use cases show that Sync-free RadChat is able to mitigate interference without degrading the radar performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vehicular Communications for Sustainable Mobility and Transportation)
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