Heavy Metal Induced Neurotoxicity

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurotoxicity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 464

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Husson University School of Pharmacy, Bangor, ME 04401, USA
Interests: heavy metal toxicology; C. elegans; metabolism; biochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues

The neurotoxicity of metals is an important topic, as metals can cause neurodevelopmental toxicities, cognative and behavorial alterations, and neurodegeneration. The risk due to exposure of metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury and manganese, has been appreciated for some time; nevertheless, insights into their roles in disease processes and their mechanisms of action continue to be described. Furthermore, exposures to metals once thought to be safe or negligable, such as tungsten and the lanthanide series, are gaining more attention due to their increased industrial use. This Special Issue aims to investigate both novel roles for traditional neurotoxic metals, as well as describe neurotoxicities for previously understudied metals.

Dr. Samuel Caito
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neurotoxicology
  • metal
  • brain
  • development
  • neurodegeneration

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 2143 KiB  
Article
Cerebral Vascular Toxicity after Developmental Exposure to Arsenic (As) and Lead (Pb) Mixtures
by Keturah Kiper, Breeann Mild, Jenny Chen, Chongli Yuan, Ellen M. Wells, Wei Zheng and Jennifer L. Freeman
Toxics 2024, 12(9), 624; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12090624 (registering DOI) - 24 Aug 2024
Viewed by 189
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) are environmental pollutants found in common sites linked to similar adverse health effects. This study determined driving factors of neurotoxicity on the developing cerebral vasculature with As and Pb mixture exposures. Cerebral vascular toxicity was evaluated at mixture [...] Read more.
Arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) are environmental pollutants found in common sites linked to similar adverse health effects. This study determined driving factors of neurotoxicity on the developing cerebral vasculature with As and Pb mixture exposures. Cerebral vascular toxicity was evaluated at mixture concentrations of As and Pb representing human exposures levels (10 or 100 parts per billion; ppb; µg/L) in developing zebrafish by assessing behavior, morphology, and gene expression. In the visual motor response assay, hyperactivity was observed in all three outcomes in dark phases in larvae with exposure (1–120 h post fertilization, hpf) to 10 ppb As, 10 ppb Pb, or 10 ppb mix treatment. Time spent moving exhibited hyperactivity in dark phases for 100 ppb As and 100 ppb mix treatment groups only. A decreased brain length and ratio of brain length to total length in the 10 ppb mix group was measured with no alterations in other treatment groups or other endpoints (i.e., total larval length, head length, or head width). Alternatively, measurements of cerebral vasculature in the midbrain and cerebellum uncovered decreased total vascularization at 72 hpf in all treatment groups in the mesencephalon and in all treatment groups, except the 100 ppb Pb and 10 ppb As groups, in the cerebellum. In addition, decreased sprouting and branching occurred in the mesencephalon, while only decreased branching was measured in the cerebellum. The 10 ppb Pb group showed several cerebral vasculature modifications that were aligned with a specific gene expression alteration pattern different from other treatment groups. Additionally, the 100 ppb As group drove gene alterations, along with several other endpoints, for changes observed in the 100 ppb mix treatment group. Perturbations assessed in this study displayed non-linear concentration-responses, which are important to consider in environmental health outcomes for As and Pb neurotoxicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heavy Metal Induced Neurotoxicity)
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