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Universe
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Research on Physics beyond the Standard Model
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Research on Physics beyond the Standard Model

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "High Energy Nuclear and Particle Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2022) | Viewed by 2606

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Smita Darmora

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
Interests: standard model; dark matter; supersymmetry; string theory; higgs; particle detector

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In order to explain the universe, scientists rely on the Standard Model—a theory describing all known fundamental particles and how they interact. The Standard Model has predicted the outcomes of countless experiments in particle physics with remarkable accuracy since it was developed in the early 1970s. A key component of the model, the Higgs boson, was added in 2012 and shed light on how subatomic particles gain their mass.

However, there are conceptual gaps within this wildly successful model, indicating there is more to learn about how the Universe works. The lack of antimatter in the Universe is one of the most intriguing mysteries of the Standard Model. Moreover, the fact that dark matter is not part of the theory is another clue that there is physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM), which refers to the theoretical developments needed to explain the deficiencies of the Standard Model.

There are several theories that go beyond the Standard Model, including extensions of the model through supersymmetry, such as the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and Next-to-Minimally Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM), as well as completely novel explanations such as string theory and M-theory. Considering that these theories tend to reproduce the entirety of current phenomena, determining which theory is the best, or one of the most important steps towards a Theory of Everything, can only be done via experiments, and this is one of the most active fields of research in both theoretical and experimental physics.

Our Universe retains much to be discovered regarding matter and energy, making the search for physics beyond the Standard Model an exciting journey.

This Special Issue of Physics beyond the Standard Model aims to summarize all the research work conducted to date and present the on-going research on an international level. This is an important and updated Issue that presents an excellent overview of activities taking place in the field of Physics Beyond the Standard Model.

Dr. Smita Darmora
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • standard model
  • dark matter
  • supersymmetry
  • string theory
  • extra dimension
  • higgs
  • grand unified theory

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

6 pages, 266 KiB  
Communication
W-Boson Mass Anomaly as a Manifestation of Spontaneously Broken Additional SU(2) Global Symmetry on a New Fundamental Scale
by Sergey Afonin
Universe 2022, 8(12), 627; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8120627 - 28 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 908
Abstract
Recently, the CDF Collaboration has announced a new precise measurement of the W-boson mass MW that deviates from the Standard Model (SM) prediction by 7σ. The discrepancy in MW is about ΔW ≃ 70 MeV and is [...] Read more.
Recently, the CDF Collaboration has announced a new precise measurement of the W-boson mass MW that deviates from the Standard Model (SM) prediction by 7σ. The discrepancy in MW is about ΔW ≃ 70 MeV and is probably caused by a beyond the SM physics. Within a certain scenario of extension of the SM, we obtain the relation ΔW ≃ 3α8πMW ≃ 70 MeV, where α is the electromagnetic fine structure constant. The main conjecture is the appearance of longitudinal components of the W-bosons as the Goldstone bosons of a spontaneously broken additional SU(2) global symmetry at distances much smaller than the electroweak symmetry breaking scale rEWSB. We argue that within this scenario, the masses of charged Higgs scalars can obtain an electromagnetic radiative contribution which enhances the observed value of MW± with respect to the usual SM prediction. Our relation for ΔW follows from the known one-loop result for the corresponding effective Coleman–Weinberg potential in combination with the Weinberg sum rules. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Physics beyond the Standard Model)
11 pages, 362 KiB  
Article
Event-Based Anomaly Detection for Searches for New Physics
by Sergei Chekanov and Walter Hopkins
Universe 2022, 8(10), 494; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8100494 - 21 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1109
Abstract
This paper discusses model-agnostic searches for new physics at the Large Hadron Collider using anomaly-detection techniques for the identification of event signatures that deviate from the Standard Model (SM). We investigate anomaly detection in the context of a machine-learning approach based on autoencoders. [...] Read more.
This paper discusses model-agnostic searches for new physics at the Large Hadron Collider using anomaly-detection techniques for the identification of event signatures that deviate from the Standard Model (SM). We investigate anomaly detection in the context of a machine-learning approach based on autoencoders. The analysis uses Monte Carlo simulations for the SM background and several selected exotic models. We also investigate the input space for the event-based anomaly detection and illustrate the shapes of invariant masses in the outlier region which will be used to perform searches for resonant phenomena beyond the SM. Challenges and conceptual limitations of this approach are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Physics beyond the Standard Model)
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