Nobel Prize 2020: Selected Articles on Black Hole and General Relativity (Closed)

A topical collection in Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This collection belongs to the section "Compact Objects".

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Interests: general relativity and gravitation; classical general relativity; post-newtonian approximation, perturbation theory, related approximations; gravitational waves; observational cosmology; mathematical and relativistic aspects of cosmology; modified theories of gravity; higher-dimensional gravity and other theories of gravity; experimental studies of gravity; experimental tests of gravitational theories; geodesy and gravity; harmonics of the gravity potential field; geopotential theory and determination; satellite orbits; orbit determination and improvement; astrometry and reference systems; ephemerides, almanacs, and calendars; lunar, planetary, and deep-space probes
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Topical Collection Information

Dear Colleagues,

On behalf of the Advisory and Editorial Board members of Universe, it is a pleasure for me, as the journal’s Editor-in-Chief, to announce a Special Issue to celebrate Professor Roger Penrose, who serves on Universe’s Advisory Board, being jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 2020.

The possibility that peculiar regions in spacetime allow only for the inward motion of light and matter, which later gained notoriety as Black Holes (BHs), is one of the most exotic and, at the same time, disorienting fruits to have fallen from the branched tree of the Einsteinian General Theory of Relativity (GTR) soon after its birth. A gift that the latter’s father himself denied, convinced that there could be no realistic physical processes capable of actually creating such a bizarre spacetime configuration at the end of the gravitational collapse of any real astrophysical object. Decades later, Professor Penrose elucidated that, on the contrary, the GTR cannot avoid the formation of BHs even in physically realistic scenarios for the latter stages of the life of a sufficiently heavy star. Perhaps even more astounding and disturbing, the final act of the infalling matter after its crossing of the event horizon signals, at the BH’s center, the GTR reaching the boundaries of its validity. An unescapable spacetime singularity warns us that Einstein’s theory cannot be the last word about gravity, pointing toward the need for its marriage, to date not yet celebrated, with quantum mechanics.

A subtle red thread ideally connects such theoretical studies to the empirical investigations carried out in recent decades by the other laureates of the Nobel Prize in Physics 2020, Professor Genzel and Professor Ghez, that aimed to observationally corroborate the concept of BHs to which the results of Professor Penrose gave so firm theoretical support.

His fertile physical intuition, his multidisciplinary curiosity, and the elegance of his mathematical methods have also tirelessly led Professor Penrose on other roads at the intersection of different scientific domains. Our hope is that he will continue treading these paths, in the hope that he will discover new interesting ones.

In the footsteps of Professor Penrose, we invite all researchers in this field to contribute their valuable papers to this celebratory Special Issue of Universe.

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Key discoveries

Gravitational Lensing in Presence of Plasma: Strong Lens Systems, Black Hole Lensing and Shadow
A Model of Black Hole Evaporation and 4D Weyl Anomaly
Influence of Cosmic Repulsion and Magnetic Fields on Accretion Disks Rotating around Kerr Black Holes
Reissner–Nordström Anti-de Sitter Black Holes in Mimetic F(R) Gravity
On a Model of Magnetically Charged Black Hole with Nonlinear Electrodynamics
Searching for Quantum Black Hole Structure with the Event Horizon Telescope
Shadow Images of a Rotating Dyonic Black Hole with a Global Monopole Surrounded by Perfect Fluid
Small Black/White Hole Stability and Dark Matter
Perspectives on Constraining a Cosmological Constant-Type Parameter with Pulsar Timing in the Galactic Center
Thermodynamic Analysis of Non-Linear Reissner-Nordström Black Holes
Analogies between the Black Hole Interior and the Type II Weyl Semimetals
Kerr Black Holes within a Modified Theory of Gravity
The First Detection of Gravitational Waves
Quantum Tunneling Radiation from Loop Quantum Black Holes and the Information Loss Paradox
Investigating the Poor Match among Different Precessing Gravitational Waveforms
The Origin of Matter at the Base of Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei
Quantum Analysis of BTZ Black Hole Formation Due to the Collapse of a Dust Shell
On the Energy of a Non-Singular Black Hole Solution Satisfying the Weak Energy Condition

Further reading

Classical Collapse to Black Holes and Quantum Bounces: A Review
Black Holes: Eliminating Information or Illuminating New Physics?
Dark Energy and Spacetime Symmetry
Brief Review on Black Hole Loop Quantization
Generic Features of Thermodynamics of Horizons in Regular Spherical Space-Times of the Kerr-Schild Class
The Effects of Finite Distance on the Gravitational Deflection Angle of Light
Approaching the Black Hole by Numerical Simulations
Jetted Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies & Co.: Where Do We Stand?
Visible Shapes of Black Holes M87* and SgrA*

Prof. Dr. Lorenzo Iorio
Collection Editor

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Published Papers (2 papers)

2022

Jump to: 2021

16 pages, 1043 KiB  
Article
Scalar Perturbations of Black Holes in the f(R)=R2αR Model
by Ping Li, Rui Jiang, Jian Lv and Xianghua Zhai
Universe 2022, 8(1), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8010047 - 12 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1819
Abstract
In this paper, we study the perturbations of the charged static spherically symmetric black holes in the f(R)=R2αR model by a scalar field. We analyze the quasinormal modes spectrum, superradiant modes, and superradiant instability [...] Read more.
In this paper, we study the perturbations of the charged static spherically symmetric black holes in the f(R)=R2αR model by a scalar field. We analyze the quasinormal modes spectrum, superradiant modes, and superradiant instability of the black holes. The frequency of the quasinormal modes is calculated in the frequency domain by the third-order WKB method, and in the time domain by the finite difference method. The results by the two methods are consistent and show that the black hole stabilizes quicker for larger α satisfying the horizon condition. We then analyze the superradiant modes when the massive charged scalar field is scattered by the black hole. The frequency of the superradiant wave satisfies ω(μ2,ωc), where μ is the mass of the scalar field, and ωc is the critical frequency of the superradiance. The amplification factor is also calculated by numerical method. Furthermore, the superradiant instability of the black hole is studied analytically, and the results show that there is no superradiant instability for such a system. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

2021

Jump to: 2022

13 pages, 1499 KiB  
Article
Are GRMHD Mean-Field Dynamo Models of Thick Accretion Disks SANE?
by Niccolò Tomei, Luca Del Zanna, Matteo Bugli and Niccolò Bucciantini
Universe 2021, 7(8), 259; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7080259 - 23 Jul 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2116
Abstract
The remarkable results by the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration concerning the emission from M87* and, more recently, its polarization properties, require an increasingly accurate modeling of the plasma flows around the accreting black hole. Radiatively inefficient sources such as M87* and Sgr A* [...] Read more.
The remarkable results by the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration concerning the emission from M87* and, more recently, its polarization properties, require an increasingly accurate modeling of the plasma flows around the accreting black hole. Radiatively inefficient sources such as M87* and Sgr A* are typically modeled with the SANE (standard and normal evolution) paradigm, if the accretion dynamics is smooth, or with the MAD (magnetically arrested disk) paradigm, if the black hole’s magnetosphere reacts by halting the accretion sporadically, resulting in a highly dynamical process. While the recent polarization studies seem to favor MAD models, this may not be true for all sources, and SANE accretion surely still deserves attention. In this work, we investigate the possibility of reaching the typical degree of magnetization and other accretion properties expected for SANE disks by resorting to the mean-field dynamo process in axisymmetric GRMHD simulations, which are supposed to mimic the amplifying action of an unresolved magnetorotational instability-driven turbulence. We show that it is possible to reproduce the main diagnostics present in the literature by starting from very unfavorable initial configurations, such as a purely toroidal magnetic field with negligible magnetization. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

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