Universe, Volume 11, Issue 5

We investigate changes in the emission properties in association with the emission shifts observed in PSR J0344−0901 and their implications for the underlying emission mechanism. By decomposing the averaged pulse profile into multiple Gaussian...

The Universe’s magnetogenesis can be investigated with radio observations of cosmic filaments, where the information on the initial magnetic field seeds is expected to be preserved in time. In this work, we update the comparison between recent...

In the N$\nu$DEx collaboration, a high-pressure gas TPC is being developed to search for the neutrinoless double beta decay. The use of electronegative ⁸²SeF₆ gas mandates an ion-TPC. The reconstruction of the z coordinate is to be realized by exploit...

We pose and address the radical question of whether quantum mechanics, known for its firm internal structure and enormous empirical success, carries in itself the genomes of larger quantum theories that have higher internal intricacy and phenomenolog...

We summarize the X-ray emission from young SNe. Having accumulated data on most observed X-ray SNe, we display the X-ray lightcurves of young SNe. We also explore the X-ray spectra of various SN types. The X-ray emission from Type Ib/c SNe is non-the...

Conventional general relativity supplies the notion of a vacuum tension and thus a maximum force $F_{\max }=c^4/\left(4G\right)\simeq 3·{10}^{43}$ N that is realized for a black hole. In conjunction with the Wilson area rule, we are thus led to the surface confinement...

We investigate the effects of dark matter (DM) on neutron star (NS) properties using the neutron decay anomaly model within the relativistic mean-field (RMF) framework. Three nucleonic models (HCD0–HCD2) are developed, satisfying astrophysical...

This work provides the first comparison of the symmetron and dilaton fields in white dwarfs. We show how these screening mechanisms behave inside such stars and their impact on stellar properties. Employing a custom-developed shooting method, we solv...

We investigate the relativistic jet of the powerful radio-emitting blazar J1429+5406 at redshift $z=3.015$. Our understanding of jet kinematics in $z\ge 3$ quasars is still rather limited, based on a sample of less than about 50 objects. The blazar J1429...

Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio transients of mysterious origin, with growing evidence linking at least some of them to magnetars. While FRBs are primarily observed in the radio band, their potential multi-wavelength afterglow...

We study dust models in higher-dimensional general relativity and the Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet theory in a maximally symmetric spacetime. We show that the dynamics of the model is governed by an Abel differential equation of the second kind....

About ten years ago, we established the first coronagraph that has been continuously operating on the high plateau of western China. This coronagraph is an internal occulting, 10 cm aperture instrument, installed at Lijiang Station through a collabor...

The Télescope Héliographique pour l’Etude du Magnétisme et des Instabilités Solaires (THEMIS) has been operating in the Canary Islands since 1998. A total of 187 publications are listed in the THEMIS database. The te...

Retrolensing is a gravitational lensing effect in which light emitted by a background source is deflected by a black hole and redirected toward the observer after undergoing nearly complete loops around the black hole. In this context, we explore the...

We performed a statistical study on the correlation between electromagnetic Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) waves and the evolution of relativistic electron fluxes in the outer radiation belt for $3.1<L^{\ast }<6.0$ during 101 geomagnetic storms that o...

Two formulations of superfluidity are reviewed: Landau’s phenomenological two-fluid model and a relativistic effective field theory description. We demonstrate how the two-fluid formalism can be recovered from the nonrelativistic limit of the r...

We analyse linearised field equations around the Minkowski metric, with its standard flat parallel transport structure, in models of newer GR, which refers to quadratic actions in terms of a nonmetricity tensor. We show that half of the freedom in ch...

Murthy et al. (2025) (hereafter Paper I) have recently reported the discovery of unexpectedly bright diffuse extreme-ultraviolet radiation at high latitudes in both the Northern and Southern Galactic Hemispheres. After correction for extinction by th...

Einstein–Cartan theory is a generalization of general relativity that introduces spacetime torsion. In this paper, we perform phase space analysis to investigate the evolution of the early universe in Einstein–Cartan theory. By studying t...

We model the light HESS J1731-347 compact object (of known stellar mass and radius) within Einstein’s General Relativity, imposing the Karmarkar condition in gravity for anisotropic stars. The three free parameters of the analytic solution are...

We investigate primordial gravitational waves produced in the early universe within the Running Vacuum Model, which ensures a smooth transition from a primeval inflationary epoch to a radiation-dominant era, ultimately following the standard Hot Big...

The total mass of a galaxy group, such as the Milky Way (MW) and the Andromeda Galaxy (M 31), is typically determined from the kinematics of satellites within their virial zones. Bahcall and Tremaine (1981) proposed the v²r estimator as an alternativ...

We found statistical evidence for a mismatch between the (global) spatial curvature parameter K in the geodesic equation for incoming photons and the corresponding parameter in the Friedmann equation that determines the time evolution of the backgrou...

We report the latest results on particle mixing in quantum field theory on curved spacetimes. We highlight possible connections with dark matter and dark energy. Furthermore, we present two indirect methods to observe these phenomena: one using non-r...

We present a physics-informed Bayesian analysis of equation of state constraints using observational data for masses, radii and tidal deformability of pulsars and a generic class of hybrid neutron star equation of state with color superconducting qua...

The interpretation of the thermal relaxation of some transiently accreting neutron stars in quasipersistent soft X-ray transients, especially MXB 1659-29, has been found to be challenging within the traditional deep crustal heating paradigm. Due to t...

The $E_8\otimes E_8$ octonionic theory of unification suggests that our universe is six-dimensional and that the two extra dimensions are time-like. These time-like extra dimensions, in principle, offer an explanation of the quantum nonlocality puzzle, a...

A Planck scale inflationary era—in a quantum gravity theory predicting discreteness of quantum geometry at the fundamental scale—produces the scale-invariant spectrum of inhomogeneities with a very small tensor-to-scalar ratio of perturba...

The potential correlation between the ordinary muon capture (OMC) on ¹³⁶Ba and $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay of ¹³⁶Xe is explored. For this, we compute $0\nu \beta \beta$-decay amplitudes for intermediate states in ¹³⁶Cs below 1 MeV of excitation and for an...

The quantum description of relativistic orientable objects by a scalar field on the Poincaré group is considered. The position of the relativistic orientable object in Minkowski space is completely determined by the position of a body-fixed re...

Solar flares, caused by magnetic field reconnection in the sun’s atmosphere, are intense bursts of electromagnetic radiation that can disrupt the Earth’s space environment, affecting communication systems, GPSs, and satellites. Traditiona...

Although photon–photon scattering does not exist at the tree level, this is no longer the case at loop order and was first calculated by Euler and Heisenberg. The existence of this phenomenon has now been confirmed experimentally by the ATLAS c...

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are luminous radio transients with millisecond duration. For some active repeaters, such as FRBs 20121102A and 20201124A, more than a thousand bursts have been detected by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Teles...