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Water
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River Sedimentary Processes and Modelling
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River Sedimentary Processes and Modelling

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Erosion and Sediment Transport".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2023) | Viewed by 3846

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dangwei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China
Interests: flow and sediment transport; river evolution; sediment flocculation; numerical model of sediment transport; reservior sedimentation; reservior regulation
Dr. Jian Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China
Interests: flow and sediment transport; numerical model of sediment transport; reservoir sedimentation; reservoir regulation
Dr. Bangwen Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China
Interests: sediment transport dynamics; river bed evolution; reservior sedimentation and regulation; numerical model; flow and sediment interaction
Dr. Junhong Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
College of Resources and Environment, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
Interests: fluvial processes; sediment rransport; lakes management; water quality; environmental impact assessment; hydraulic modelling; sustainability

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

River sedimentary processes have been studied widely due to their effect on flooding control, navigation, bed evolution, and ecological processes in fluvial systems. In recent years, the sediment yield has been changed dramatically due to climate change around the world, and has consequently affected sediment concentration in rivers. Moreover, the construction of dam and water diversion projects for social and economic development disturb the natural hydrodynamic characteristics and material transport regimes of rivers. Accordingly, the rivers’ sedimentary processes are also changed, such as sedimentation in reservoirs and erosion of downstream channels.

The aim of this Special Issue of Water seeks to understand the latest advances in river sedimentary processes, including: (1) the impacts of climate change and  human activities on river sedimentary processes, (2) numerical methods for modelling river sedimentary processes, and (3) measures to improve river delivery capacity and restore effective storage capacity of reservoirs. We welcome original papers addressing research themes including, but not limited to, flow and sediment transport, river bed evolution, sediment flocculation, numerical modelling of sediment transport, reservior sedimentation and regulation, and sediment management measures. Relevant research outcomes are expected to support the sediment management and practices related to rivers and reservoirs.

Dr. Dangwei Wang
Guest Editor

Dr. Jian Chen
Dr. Bangwen Zhang
Dr. Junhong Zhang
Guest Editor Assistants

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • river flow
  • sediment transport
  • river bed evolution
  • numerical model
  • flow and sediment transport modeling
  • flow and sediment interaction
  • sediment flocculation
  • reservoir sedimentation
  • reservoir regulation

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 6518 KiB  
Article
An Improved Flow Direction Algorithm That Considers Mass Conservation for Sediment Transport Simulations
by Hong Wei, Wen Dai, Bo Wang, Hui Zhu, Fei Zhao, Haoyang Jiao and Penghui Li
Water 2023, 15(23), 4111; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15234111 - 27 Nov 2023
Viewed by 931
Abstract
The sediment transport process in watersheds is an important research component of geomorphology and surface dynamics. Previous work has inferred the spatial distribution of the sediment transport rate (STR) by the flow direction algorithm and measured topographic variation; however, the simple application of [...] Read more.
The sediment transport process in watersheds is an important research component of geomorphology and surface dynamics. Previous work has inferred the spatial distribution of the sediment transport rate (STR) by the flow direction algorithm and measured topographic variation; however, the simple application of the flow direction algorithm contributes to mass non-conservation during a simulation. This study designs an improved flow direction algorithm for a sediment transport process simulation by judging the mass conservation situation in the simulation process. The specific implementation is to evaluate the existence of negative values for the STR; if they exist, the negative values of the STR are reset to stop the propagation of the negative values downstream. Experiments are conducted to improve the classical D8, MFD–se, and MFD–md flow algorithms in this paper, and the experimental results show that the method in this paper can effectively improve the simulation effect of STR. The STR simulations of the three models, D8, MFD–se, and MFD–md, improved by 1.26%, 4.17%, and 4.54%, respectively. Moreover, the MFD–se model is more suitable for the simulation of the STR when comparing the three models. The improved flow algorithm can be used to simulate the STR, sediment content, and pollutant migration in watersheds, providing a new method for the fine-grained characterization of surface processes in watersheds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue River Sedimentary Processes and Modelling)
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13 pages, 4920 KiB  
Article
Evolution Characteristics of Long Time Series of Secondary Perched River in Typical Reaches of the Lower Yellow River
by Jun Yan, Haifan Xu, Linjuan Xu, Filip Gurkalo and Xiangyu Gao
Water 2023, 15(20), 3674; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15203674 - 20 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 907
Abstract
Secondary perched rivers are extensively distributed in the lower section of the Yellow River, and their condition is grave, representing a significant peril to the flood control safety of this region. Consequently, conducting an analysis of their evolution characteristics holds immense engineering importance [...] Read more.
Secondary perched rivers are extensively distributed in the lower section of the Yellow River, and their condition is grave, representing a significant peril to the flood control safety of this region. Consequently, conducting an analysis of their evolution characteristics holds immense engineering importance for ensuring the flood control safety of the lower reaches of the Yellow River. This study focuses on the downstream section of the Yellow River, specifically from Dongbatou-Taochengpu. This research is based on extensive data, including topographic measurements of large cross-sections and water and sand data from Huayuankou spanning from 1960 to 2022. The transverse slope of the beach, which indicates the level of development of the secondary perched rivers, was chosen as the calculation index. To analyze the trend and mutation of the transverse slope, statistical methods such as the Theil–Sen slope estimation, Mann–Kendall test, Pettitt test, and double cumulative curve method were employed. The findings indicate that the average transverse slope along the wandering section (Dongbatou-Gaocun) is 5.81‱, is significantly lower compared to the transitional section (Gaocun-Taochengpu), with an average transverse slope of 8.89‱. Furthermore, the range of fluctuation in the variation in the transverse slope along the wandering section (3.19–8.18‱) is considerably narrower than that observed in the transitional section (2.94–19.51‱). Prior to the implementation of Xiaolangdi, there was a significant increase in the transverse slope. Notably, the transitional section experienced a sudden change in 1975, while the wandering section experienced a sudden change in 1990. The abrupt alteration in the transitional section can be attributed to the substantial variation in the water and sand conditions. Conversely, the sudden change in the wandering section resulted from the insufficient flow rate of the flat beach. However, following the implementation of Xiaolangdi, the rapid increase in the transverse slope was effectively mitigated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue River Sedimentary Processes and Modelling)
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Other

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17 pages, 9041 KiB  
Essay
Numerical Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis of Sediment Issues in Pumped Storage Power Stations: Sediment Conveyance of Turbine and Sedimentation of Reservoirs
by Chuang Liu, Minghui Yu, Xin He, Kaixuan Wang and Yuying Shao
Water 2023, 15(20), 3531; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15203531 - 10 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1040
Abstract
In this paper, a 1D process-based numerical model is established to study the sediment concentration via the turbine (TSC) and sedimentation of the lower reservoir and the upper reservoir of a certain pumped storage power station (PSPS), which is intended to be built [...] Read more.
In this paper, a 1D process-based numerical model is established to study the sediment concentration via the turbine (TSC) and sedimentation of the lower reservoir and the upper reservoir of a certain pumped storage power station (PSPS), which is intended to be built on a sandy river. In addition, the sensitivity of TSC to some factors, such as suspended sediment gradation, the water level of the lower reservoir, and the coefficients of the sediment-carrying capacity formula, are analyzed in this paper. It is revealed that (1) the TSC will decrease by 30.8~34.5% when the incoming sediments of particle sizes less than 0.002 mm (which accounts for 3.95% of the totality) are replaced with incoming sediments of particle sizes between 0.002 mm and 0.004 mm. At the same time, the sedimentation thickness of the upper reservoir will decrease by 20.9%, and the siltation rate of the lower reservoir will increase by 2.4%. (2) The TSC will decrease by 12.6~13.1% as the water level of the lower reservoir rises by 17.55 m. This represents an increase of 8.4% in the average water depth and 26.4% in the storage capacity of the lower reservoir. At the same time, the sedimentation thickness of the upper reservoir will decrease by 32.2%, and the siltation rate of the lower reservoir will increase by 2.5%. (3) The TSC will decrease by 1.2~1.4% as the index of the sediment-carrying capacity formula m changes from 1.12 to 0.666, and the coefficient of the sediment-carrying capacity formula K changes from 0.2 to 0.6. At the same time, the sedimentation thickness of the upper reservoir will decrease by 7.2%, and the siltation rate of the lower reservoir will increase by 1.7%. Through the research on the sensitivity of the TSC, the direction and amplitude of the TSC changes with the boundary conditions are found, which provides a basis for the scheme comparison of specific projects and further supplements the prediction method system of the TSC. Meanwhile, the results remind researchers to pay more attention to the determination of boundary conditions and also provide the basis for the error analysis of the TSC. In summary, the results have certain guiding significance for the related research, and the sensitivity analysis results of the case could provide a reference for other specific projects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue River Sedimentary Processes and Modelling)
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