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Water
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New Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment Methods for Extreme Rainfall Events
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New Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment Methods for Extreme Rainfall Events

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydrology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 August 2021) | Viewed by 5311

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kevin Fleming

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany.
Interests: natural hazards; earthquakes; satellite geodesy; early warning; glacial ice

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Extreme rainfall, both excessive and insufficient, is an example of how multi- or cascading disastrous events may stem from the great variety in the interactions that may arise. For example, drought, which frequently leads to a reduction in surface vegetation, will make the affected region more susceptible to erosion under moderate rains, while a classic example involves landslides induced by heavy rain. Likewise, a rainfall-triggered landslide may dam a water course, increasing the potential for catastrophic flooding downstream. With regard to the risk associated with these events and their interactions, a range of tangible (economic losses, both direct and indirect) and intangible (social problems) costs may arise, involving not only the direct losses, e.g., reduced agricultural production, but also impacts on societies, e.g., forced migration. Furthermore, the frequency of such events is expected to increase due to climate change. It is therefore the aim of this Special Issue to present the latest developments in the assessment of possible hazards related to rainfall and the estimation of the associated risk, with a focus on interactions that may enhance losses. Themes of interest include (but are not be limited to) flooding, landslides, and droughts and their respective interactions, early warning, the estimation of associated tangible and intangible losses, and hazard and risk communication.

Dr. Kevin Fleming
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • extreme rainfall events
  • floods
  • droughts
  • landslides
  • multi-hazard and risk interactions

Published Papers (2 papers)

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20 pages, 55520 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Prediction of Outburst Flood Hazard of the Zhouqu “8.8” Debris Flow-Barrier Dam in Western China
by Heyi Yang, Guan Chen, Yan Chong, Jiacheng Jin and Wei Shi
Water 2021, 13(5), 639; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13050639 - 27 Feb 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2617
Abstract
In recent years, the intensified influences of global climate change and human activities have increased the frequency of large-scale debris flow disasters. As a result, main river channels often become blocked, thus forming a disaster chain of rivers dammed by debris flow followed [...] Read more.
In recent years, the intensified influences of global climate change and human activities have increased the frequency of large-scale debris flow disasters. As a result, main river channels often become blocked, thus forming a disaster chain of rivers dammed by debris flow followed by outburst flooding. In order to quickly and easily reveal the dynamic process of a debris flow dam breach, and quantitatively predict the outburst flood hazard, this study takes the Zhouqu “8.8” debris flow barrier dam in Western China as an example. Based on a stability assessment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research’s Dam Breach Slope (DBS-IWHR), China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research’s Dam Breach (DB-IWHR), and Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) were integrated to simulate the development of dam breach, breach flood, and outburst flood evolution, respectively, under different scenarios. The simulated peak discharge flow of the actual spillway was 317.15 m3/s, which was consistent with the actual discharge of 316 m3/s. The results under different scenarios showed that, with the increased inflow of the barrier lake, the erosion rate of the dam increased, the peak discharge of the dam break flood increased, the peak arrival time shortened, and the downstream flooding area increased. These findings could provide scientific support for risk management and emergency decision-making with respect to barrier dam failure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment Methods for Extreme Rainfall Events)
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23 pages, 13350 KiB  
Case Report
Rainstorm Magnitude and Debris Flows in Pyroclastic Deposits Covering Steep Slopes of Karst Reliefs in San Martino Valle Caudina (Campania, Southern Italy)
by Guido Leone, Pasquale Clemente, Libera Esposito and Francesco Fiorillo
Water 2021, 13(16), 2274; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13162274 - 19 Aug 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1812
Abstract
Debris flows that have occurred in the area of San Martino Valle Caudina (Campania, Southern Italy) are described by geomorphological and hydrological analyses, focusing on the recent event of December 2019. This area can be considered a key example for studying debris-flow phenomena [...] Read more.
Debris flows that have occurred in the area of San Martino Valle Caudina (Campania, Southern Italy) are described by geomorphological and hydrological analyses, focusing on the recent event of December 2019. This area can be considered a key example for studying debris-flow phenomena involving the pyroclastic mantle that covers the karstified bedrock along steep slopes. A hydrological analysis of the time series of the maximum annual rainfall, of durations of 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h, was carried out based on a new approach to assess rainstorm magnitude. It was quantified by measuring the deviation of the rainfall intensity from the normal conditions, within a specified time period. As the time series of annual maxima are typically skewed, a preliminary transformation is needed to normalize the distribution; to obtain the Z-value of the standard normal distribution, with mean µ = 0 and standard deviation σ = 1, different probability distribution functions were fitted to the actual data. A specific boxplot was used, with box width Z = ±1 and whiskers length Z = ±2. The deviations from these values provide the performance of the distribution fits. For the normalized time series, the rates shown by the trends and relative significance were investigated for the available time series of 11 rain gauges covering the Western–Central Campania region. The most critical condition for the debris-flow initiation appears to occur when a severe or extreme rainfall has a duration ≥ 12 h. The trend analysis did not detect statistically significant increases in the intensity of the rainfall of duration ≥ 6 h. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment Methods for Extreme Rainfall Events)
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