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Risk Management Technologies for Deep Excavations in Water-Rich Areas, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydrogeology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2024) | Viewed by 2748

Special Issue Editors

School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
Interests: geotechnical engineering; tunnelling; excavation; soil mechanics; rock mechanics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to the adverse effect of high hydraulic head pressure, deep excavations in water-rich areas inevitably involve a relatively high risk of instabilities, such as water burst, mud gushing, and sand inrush, which might result in large-scale failures that endanger human lives, personal property, and economic balance. Risk management for deep excavations in water-rich areas is a systematic process of identifying potential hazards and mitigating them in order to maintain a specified degree of safety throughout the duration of the project. In engineering practice, the most commonly adopted countermeasure against water infiltration induced by great water head difference is carrying out dewatering during excavation. However, improper dewatering can yield unbalanced ground stress, which gives rise to overlarge ground movements, lateral wall deformations, and the collapse or failure of adjacent buildings and infrastructures.

The objective of this Special Issue is to provide a platform for researchers to report new advances in risk management technologies for deep excavations in water-rich areas and their many applications. Both original research and review articles are welcome.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:                

  • The role of groundwater in affecting the stability of deep excavations;
  • Methods for assessing the risks in various stages;
  • The identification of hazards during the entire phase;
  • Precautions for reducing the risk of certain dangers;
  • In situ instrumentation methods and result interpretation;
  • Environmental effects of deep excavations;
  • The mechanism of soil–groundwater–structure interactions;
  • Innovations in excavation supporting systems;
  • The numerical modeling of three-dimensional deep excavation behavior;
  • Analytical methods for predicting risks and responses.

Prof. Dr. Yixian Wang
Dr. Panpan Guo
Prof. Dr. Hang Lin
Prof. Dr. Yanlin Zhao
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • groundwater
  • hydrogeology
  • geotechnical engineering
  • deep excavation
  • risk management
  • ground deformation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 6526 KiB  
Article
Effect of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Microstructure and Hydraulic Characteristics of Claystone: A Case Study of Slope Stability from Open-Pit Mines in Wet Regions
by Zhifang Liu, Yang Xiang, Wei Liu, Jianyu Huang, Zhu Liang, Qinghua Zhang and Wenlong Li
Water 2024, 16(5), 640; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16050640 - 22 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1292
Abstract
The action of freeze–thaw (F–T) cycles of claystone exerts a profound impact on the slope stability of open-pit mines in water-rich regions. Microstructural changes are observed as a crucial factor in determining the hydraulic characteristics and mechanical behaviors of claystone. The present work [...] Read more.
The action of freeze–thaw (F–T) cycles of claystone exerts a profound impact on the slope stability of open-pit mines in water-rich regions. Microstructural changes are observed as a crucial factor in determining the hydraulic characteristics and mechanical behaviors of claystone. The present work integrates a micro-X-ray computed tomography (Micro-CT) scanner, equipped with image processing and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction capabilities, employed to observe the microstructure of claystone under varying numbers of F–T cycles (0, 10, 20, 30, and 50). Furthermore, seepage numerical simulations based on Micro-CT measurements are conducted to evaluate the hydraulic characteristics. Through meticulous microscopic observation and mechanical analysis, the damage mechanism induced by F–T cycles is revealed and the evolutionary characteristics are analyzed. The two-dimensional (2D) images of 3D reconstructed models unveil the gradual initiation propagation and coalescence of an intricate fissuring network in claystone during the F–T cycles. As the number of F–T cycles increases from 0 to 50, the 3D porosity exhibits exponential growth. Additionally, the influence of F–T cycles substantially enhances the connectivity of fissures. The seepage numerical simulations demonstrate that the evolutionary progression of fissures substantially augments the number of flow paths and enhances permeability. The increase in permeability follows an exponential trend, reflecting the distribution and evolution of fissures under F–T cycles. The impact on permeability arises from a combination of micromechanical properties and the microstructure of claystones. The present research tries to elucidate the microscopic evolution of fissures and their corresponding hydraulic properties in water-saturated claystone, offering significant insights for investigating the slope stability of open-pit mines in regions. Full article
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Review

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20 pages, 5364 KiB  
Review
Management of Thermal Hazards in Deep Mines in China: Applications and Prospects of Mine Cooling Technology
by Bo You, Yuansen Chen, Ming Yang, Ke Gao, Daxiong Cui and Man Lu
Water 2024, 16(16), 2347; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16162347 - 21 Aug 2024
Viewed by 892
Abstract
With the continuous development of the mining industry and advancements in deep mining technology, mine environment optimization has become key to ensuring safety and improving the efficiency of mining. The high-temperature environment, particularly in deep mines, not only poses a serious threat to [...] Read more.
With the continuous development of the mining industry and advancements in deep mining technology, mine environment optimization has become key to ensuring safety and improving the efficiency of mining. The high-temperature environment, particularly in deep mines, not only poses a serious threat to miners’ health but also significantly reduces operational efficiency. These issues have been determined based on the current application status and development trends of mine cooling technology, including traditional mechanical and non-mechanical cooling technologies, as well as emerging roadway insulation materials and mine cooling clothing applications. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each technology, the main challenges related to the use of current mine cooling technologies are pointed out, including the low energy efficiency ratio, high cost, and difficult implementation. Finally, this paper looks forward to the future development directions of mine cooling technologies, emphasizing the importance of intelligent, energy-saving, and environment-improving comprehensive system management and, in turn, promoting the progress and application of mine environment optimization technology and supporting safe and efficient deep mining. Full article
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