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Impacts of Surface and Subsurface Flow on Soil Erosion and...
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Impacts of Surface and Subsurface Flow on Soil Erosion and the Implications for Watershed Management

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Soil and Water".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 5996

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ximeng Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Interests: soil erosion; soil and water conservation; climate change; hydrogeomorphology; natural hazards
Prof. Dr. Bin Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: soil erodibility mechanism; soil physics; soil degradation assessment; soil erosion; soil conservation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Pengcheng Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Yellow River Conservation Commission, Zhengzhou 450003, China
Interests: soil conservation; watershed management; hydrological modeling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soil erosion by water is one of the most important global environmental problems influencing natural resources management and sustainable development of social economy. Water erosion processes are highly associated with both surface and subsurface flow, which have been widely researched but remain poorly understood because of the complexity of underlying mechanisms. Soil erosion by water includes detachment, transport, and deposition processes, and these simultaneous processes can be influenced by many environmental factors such as topography, soil properties, land surface cover, and management practices. Surface flow often converges and creates linear erosion features such as rills and gullies, accelerating soil loss rates and causing severe land degradation. Subsurface flow is often overlooked but has also been identified as an important contributor to soil erosion at many sites worldwide. Both surface and subsurface erosion processes, as well as their interactions, pose great challenges to sustainable watershed managements, which requires advanced understandings on erosion mechanisms and the development of optimal management practices. This Special Issue aims to display the latest research progress on soil erosion processes induced by surface and subsurface flow, and their implications for sustainable watershed management. Original research articles describing the abovementioned topics and other relevant topics are welcomed.

Dr. Ximeng Xu
Dr. Bin Wang
Dr. Pengcheng Sun
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • soil erosion
  • flow hydrodynamics
  • soil detachment
  • sediment transport
  • subsurface erosion
  • watershed management
  • changing environment
  • hydrological modeling
  • soil conservation measures

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2411 KiB  
Article
Comprehensive Assessment of Soil Conservation Measures by Rough Set Theory: A Case Study in the Yanhe River Basin of the Loess Plateau
by Xinhui Ding, Xiaoying Liu, Guangquan Liu, Peiqing Xiao, Runyan Liu, Zhengqin Gou and Yuhang Zhao
Water 2022, 14(14), 2213; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14142213 - 13 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2114
Abstract
At present, much attention has been paid to the ecology, economics, and social benefits of erosion control projects: however, the evaluation of an erosion control technology itself has been neglected. This study selected six soil conservation measures applied to the Loess Plateau, and [...] Read more.
At present, much attention has been paid to the ecology, economics, and social benefits of erosion control projects: however, the evaluation of an erosion control technology itself has been neglected. This study selected six soil conservation measures applied to the Loess Plateau, and a comprehensive evaluation model was developed considering the maturity of the technology, application difficulty of the technology, technology efficiency, and the potential of technology promotion. The relation between a condition attribute and a decision attribute is evaluated using rough set theory, and the decision attribute is completely dependent on the condition attribute, which indicates that the index system can better evaluate the soil conservation measures applied to the Loess Plateau. Rough set theory was used to determine the weights of evaluation indexes, which overcomes the limitation of relying only on expert opinions or index data to determine the weights. According to the comprehensive scores, the six soil conservation measures can be grouped into three levels: the first level includes economic forests, check dams, and terraces; the second level includes afforestation and conversion to grassland, and the third level includes enclosures. The results can provide a scientific basis for the promotion and application of the high-ranking soil conservation measures in the Loess Plateau. However, the comprehensive evaluation of the soil conservation measures applied to the Loess Plateau is a very complex problem. To maximize the eco-environmental benefits, land use patterns should be rationally adjusted, and corresponding soil conservation measures could be suitable for meeting the regional development goals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impacts of Surface and Subsurface Flow on Soil Erosion and the Implications for Watershed Management)
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17 pages, 1416 KiB  
Article
A Field Study for the Effects of Grass Cover, Rainfall Intensity and Slope Length on Soil Erosion in the Loess Plateau, China
by Zimiao He, Peiqing Xiao, Xinxiao Yu, Shilong Hao, Guodong Jia and Chunxia Yang
Water 2022, 14(14), 2142; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14142142 - 6 Jul 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3133
Abstract
Slope length is an important topographic factor for controlling soil erosion. There exists limited knowledge of the interactions of slope length, vegetation restoration, and rainfall intensity on soil erosion. This study investigated the impact of the slope length on soil erosion for different [...] Read more.
Slope length is an important topographic factor for controlling soil erosion. There exists limited knowledge of the interactions of slope length, vegetation restoration, and rainfall intensity on soil erosion. This study investigated the impact of the slope length on soil erosion for different grass coverages and different rainfall intensities via simulated rainfall experiments. The experiments included five rainfall intensity treatments (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 mm min−1), four grass cover treatments (0%, 30%, 60%, and 90%), and five slope length treatments (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 m). The change process of soil loss was significantly different (p < 0.05) for different slope lengths. The trend of soil loss changing with slope length is: under a grass cover of 0 or 30%, the soil erosion increased exponentially with increasing slope length. However, under a grass cover of 60%, the soil erosion rate peaked at a slope length of 8 m, and under a grass cover of 90%, the soil erosion rate peaked at a slope length of 6 m. At rainfall intensities of 1.5–2 mm min−1, the overall soil erosion amount was small. The soil loss increased drastically with slope length when the rainfall intensity exceeded 2 mm min−1. Compared with a slope length of 2 m, longer slope lengths increased the erosion rate by 225–930% under different grass coverages treatments. Regression analysis showed that grass cover and rainfall intensity change the trend of erosion with slope length, and the negative effect of slope length on erosion is strengthened with the increase of grass cover, while this negative effect gradually weakens with the increase of rainfall intensity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impacts of Surface and Subsurface Flow on Soil Erosion and the Implications for Watershed Management)
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