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Photocatalysis and Advanced Oxidation Processes in Water

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 2006

Special Issue Editor

Department of Chemistry, Uppsala Universitet, 751 20 Uppsala, SE, Sweden
Interests: water oxidation; (photo)electrochemistry; electroactive MOFs; membrane technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past decades, water pollultion has become a global problem due to rapid industrialization. Among various source of pollutions, persistent organic compounds (POCs), such as bisphenol A, nitrobenzene, chlorophenols, etc., are getting more attention since they have been detected in natural and domestic water sources. The fact is many of these POCs were designed to be biological active and used as example antibiotics. Therefore, those POCs in general retain acute or chronic toxicity even at very low concentrations. What is more concerning is their genotoxicity as they may confer resistance in pathogens and disrupt endocrine in humans and wildlife, leading to multi-generational effects. As a result, it is urgent to find effective ways to remove POCs from water sources. Conventional water remediation technologies such as membrane filtration, ion exchange, biological methods, etc., are restricted from large-scale applications due to their low efficiency and high cost. Instead, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and photocatalysis are believed to be the most promising technologies as they can generate highly reactive oxidizing free radicals and high-energy photoinduced charge carriers, which have the capability to mineralize POCs. In particular, as a solar-driven AOP technology,  photocatalysis is more energy efficient and environmentally friendly.

In this Special Issue, we wish to cover the most recent advances in AOPs, photocatalysis, and photocatalytic AOPs, such as Fenton or Fenton-like reactions and ozonation and sulfate radical-based reactions, etc., by hosting a mix of original research articles and short critical reviews.

Dr. Jingguo Li
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • persistent organic compounds
  • advanced oxidation processes
  • AOP
  • photocatalysis
  • water treatment

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 9161 KiB  
Article
Performance of Iron-Doped Titanium Dioxide-Loaded Activated Carbon Composite Synthesized by Simplified Sol–Gel Method for Ciprofloxacin Degradation under Ultraviolet Light
by Ye Yuan, Jianguo Cui and Feng Zhang
Water 2024, 16(12), 1739; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16121739 - 20 Jun 2024
Viewed by 564
Abstract
Low-concentration antibiotic wastewater is difficult to treat rapidly using conventional photocatalysts. For this reason, this paper simplified the traditional sol–gel method to prepare Fe3+-TiO2/AC composites and characterized the properties of the composites using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, BET, and TEM. [...] Read more.
Low-concentration antibiotic wastewater is difficult to treat rapidly using conventional photocatalysts. For this reason, this paper simplified the traditional sol–gel method to prepare Fe3+-TiO2/AC composites and characterized the properties of the composites using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, BET, and TEM. The results demonstrated that iron was uniformly dispersed on the surface of the composites, and the activated carbon (AC) was successfully loaded with iron-doped titanium dioxide. Afterward, ciprofloxacin (CIP) was used as the target degradant, and the effects of different activated carbon loadings, iron-doping, pH, initial concentrations, and UV light intensities on the removal of ciprofloxacin were investigated. The repetitive photocatalytic stability of the composites was studied, and the reaction mechanism was explored by using free radical quenching experiments. The results demonstrated that while iron doping reduced the rate at which photogenerated electrons and holes could combine, loading AC increased the usage efficiency of the composites’ adsorption and catalytic active sites. According to the parameter tests, the circumstances that led to the highest CIP degradation efficiency (94.59%) were as follows: 10 mg/L CIP, 0.5 g/L 0.2%Fe3+-TiO2/20%AC, and solution pH of 7 under 40 min of UV light irradiation. In addition, the Fe3+-TiO2/AC composite material has excellent cyclic stability, the degradation rate of CIP can still reach 87.73% at 60 min after four repeated degradation tests under the same conditions. The applicability of this method could be expanded to the treatment of various industrial organic pollutants in water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalysis and Advanced Oxidation Processes in Water)
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12 pages, 1952 KiB  
Article
Life Cycle Assessment as a Decision-Making Tool for Photochemical Treatment of Iprodione Fungicide from Wastewater
by Kubra Dogan, Burcin Atilgan Turkmen, Idil Arslan-Alaton and Fatos Germirli Babuna
Water 2024, 16(8), 1183; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16081183 - 21 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1127
Abstract
Water contamination with various micropollutants is a serious environmental concern since this group of chemicals cannot always be removed efficiently with advanced treatment methods. Therefore, alternative chemical- and energy-intensive oxidation processes have been proposed for the removal of refractory and/or toxic chemicals. However, [...] Read more.
Water contamination with various micropollutants is a serious environmental concern since this group of chemicals cannot always be removed efficiently with advanced treatment methods. Therefore, alternative chemical- and energy-intensive oxidation processes have been proposed for the removal of refractory and/or toxic chemicals. However, similar treatment performances might result in different environmental impacts. Environmental impacts can be determined by adopting a life cycle assessment methodology. In this context, lab-scale experimental data related to 100% iprodione (a hydantoin fungicide/nematicide selected as the model micropollutant at a concentration of 2 mg/L) removal from simulated tertiary treated urban wastewater (dissolved organic carbon content = 10 mg/L) with UV-C-activated persulfate treatment were studied in terms of environmental impacts generated during photochemical treatment through the application of a life cycle assessment procedure. Standard guidelines were followed in this procedure. Iprodione removal was achieved at varying persulfate concentrations and UV-C doses; however, an “optimum” treatment condition (0.03 mM persulfate, 0.5 W/L UV-C) was experimentally established for kinetically acceptable, 100% iprodione removal in distilled water and adopted to treat iprodione in simulated tertiary treated wastewater (total dissolved organic carbon of iprodione + tertiary wastewater = 11.2 mg/L). The study findings indicated that energy input was the major contributor to all the environmental impact categories, namely global warming, abiotic depletion (fossil and elements), acidification, eutrophication, freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity, human toxicity, ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation, and terrestrial ecotoxicity potentials. According to the life cycle assessment results, a concentration of 21.42 mg/L persulfate and an electrical energy input of 1.787 kWh/m3 (Wh/L) UV-C light yielded the lowest undesired environmental impacts among the examined photochemical treatment conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalysis and Advanced Oxidation Processes in Water)
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