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Advances in Reconstructing Geochemical Evolution of Groundwater Using Environmental Isotopes
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Advances in Reconstructing Geochemical Evolution of Groundwater Using Environmental Isotopes

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydrogeology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 5939

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Xianfang Song

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: water cycle; environmental isotope; hydrological experiment; water environment; groundwater; water ecology
Dr. Lihu Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
Interests: water environment; environmental isotope; hydrological experiment; groundwater modelling; water cycle
Prof. Dr. Yanlong Kong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: hydrogeology; isotope hydrology; groundwater geochemistry; geothermics; climate change; natural
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Groundwater is a key part of the water cycle on Earth, and it constitutes approximately 95% of fresh water which is easily available and serves for more than 2 billion people as drinking water. Daily necessity water generally depends greatly on groundwater in arid/semi-arid regions. Global warming and anthropogenic activity may significantly affect groundwater resources. Thus, it is important to understand the processes of the groundwater cycle, especially the geochemical evolution related to groundwater quality. Applications of environmental isotopes have revolutionized our understanding of groundwater. The utility of the isotopes is ever-increasing, and our sole focus is to bring out the applications of these isotopes as tracers and chronometers to a wider audience so that they can be used as powerful tools to solve environmental problems.

This Special Issue is dedicated to “Advances in Reconstructing Geochemical Evolution of Groundwater Using Environmental Isotopes” and seeks to capture the most up-to-date research and practices. We would therefore like to call for original papers from researchers, practitioners, regulators, and decision-makers about their contributions to the evolution of groundwater affected by climate change and human activities. We are looking for papers that discuss groundwater sources, groundwater recharge, groundwater cycle, groundwater dating, groundwater quality, interaction between surface water and groundwater, residence time of water, etc.

In this Special Issue of Water, one focus will be discussing and disseminating newer and older applications of isotopes in groundwater evolution. We are looking for cases that reflect the multitude of approaches used by students, faculty, regulators in governmental and non-governmental agencies, and environmental companies, and we particularly invite practitioners and decision makers to share successes and failures. Papers will be selected through a peer review procedure by balancing local relevance and academic rigor, with the aim of rapid and wide dissemination and application of research results.

Full research articles, reviews, as well as shorter commentary/communications from practitioners are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Xianfang Song
Dr. Lihu Yang
Dr. Yanlong Kong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • geochemical evolution of groundwater
  • environmental isotope
  • groundwater environment
  • interaction between surface water and groundwater
  • hydrochemistry
  • groundwater cycle
  • groundwater recharge

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3428 KiB  
Article
Microbial Community Composition in Thermal Waters from the Lindian Geothermal Field (Songliao Basin, North-Eastern China)
by Fengtian Yang, Dong Li, Xuejun Zhou, Tao Zhan, Yongfa Ma, Xu Wang, Junling Dong, Ling Liu, Yujia Shi and Yujuan Su
Water 2022, 14(4), 632; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14040632 - 18 Feb 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1783
Abstract
Geothermal systems represent discrete and relatively homogenous habitats for extremophiles; investigation into the microbial community is key to revealing the geochemical environment and the geochemical evolution of fluids in geothermal reservoirs. The reservoir of the Lindian geothermal field in Northeast China, is highly [...] Read more.
Geothermal systems represent discrete and relatively homogenous habitats for extremophiles; investigation into the microbial community is key to revealing the geochemical environment and the geochemical evolution of fluids in geothermal reservoirs. The reservoir of the Lindian geothermal field in Northeast China, is highly reducing and rich in methane, but the pathways of methane generation and the related microbial community structure are still unclear. In this research, five thermal water samples were collected and tested, and the microbial community structure and diversity were analyzed. The results show that in the sandstone reservoir belonging to the low-temperature (reservoir temperature < 90°C) brackish water (total dissolved solids concentration between 1000 and 10,000 mg/L) environment, the richness of the microbial community is relatively high. The microbial community structure is different from other geothermal systems reported but similar to that of oilfields, which may be related to the highly reducing geochemical environment with abundant organic matter. According to the analysis of archaeal function, the biogas production in the Lindian geothermal field is dominated by hydrogen nutrition type methane production, while the H2 reducing methylamine type methane production is secondary, and results of Pearson correlation show that the archaeal communities are more strongly correlated to physicochemical factors than the bacterial communities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Reconstructing Geochemical Evolution of Groundwater Using Environmental Isotopes)
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25 pages, 10618 KiB  
Article
Origin and Evolution of Saline Spring Water in North and Central Laos Based on Hydrochemistry and Stable Isotopes (δD, δ18O, δ11B, and δ37Cl)
by Xiwei Qin, Haizhou Ma, Xiying Zhang, Xiasong Hu, Guorong Li, Ziwen Jiang, Huaide Cheng, Jibin Han, Yongshou Li, Weiliang Miao, Wenhua Han, Sha Yang, Qian Song, Shang Lei and Hongying Wang
Water 2021, 13(24), 3568; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13243568 - 13 Dec 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3240
Abstract
This paper discusses the origin and evolution of saline springs in north and central Laos, based on chemical and stable isotopes (δD, δ18O, δ11B, and δ37Cl). All the saline springs in this study are of the Na–Cl [...] Read more.
This paper discusses the origin and evolution of saline springs in north and central Laos, based on chemical and stable isotopes (δD, δ18O, δ11B, and δ37Cl). All the saline springs in this study are of the Na–Cl geochemical type. The geochemical and water isotope values suggest that the saline springs in this study are mainly derived from meteoric water and/or ice and snow melt from the surrounding mountains and that they also experienced strong evaporation and intense rock–water interactions. The ionic ratios, characteristic coefficients, ternary Ca–SO4–HCO3 phase diagrams, and saturation indices of minerals show that the dissolution of halite, sulfate, and carbonate rocks may be the solute sources for saline springs in this study, whereas the underground brines in the Thakhek potash mining area are geochemically influenced by the dissolution of carnallite and sylvite. The global geothermal δ11B–Cl/B relationship and δ11B values (5.50 to 36.01‰) of saline springs suggest a continental origin of B. This B is most likely derived from marine carbonate rocks and marine evaporates (gypsum and halite) of the late Cretaceous, which is similar to the saline springs of the Nangqen–Qamdo–Simao Salt Basin. The δ37Cl value (−0.12 to +0.79) and the Cl/Br ratio (4076 to 9853) show that dissolution of late cretaceous marine halite layers, atmospheric precipitation, and water–rock interactions between volcanic rocks, mudstones, and sandstone can restrict the δ37Cl values in saline springs. Results from silica geothermometry and multi–mineral equilibrium diagrams indicate that the reservoir temperatures for the saline springs range from 87–137 °C and experience deep circulation. Hydrochemical characteristic coefficients suggest that saline springs in the Muang Say basin may have leached sylvinite and carnallite and that the potash exploration prospect in this area is relatively good. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Reconstructing Geochemical Evolution of Groundwater Using Environmental Isotopes)
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