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Water Pollution Control Using Eco-treatment Systems
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Water Pollution Control Using Eco-treatment Systems

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 August 2020) | Viewed by 10173

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Shubiao Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Interests: wastewater treatment; constructed wetlands; nutrient recovery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Water pollution is an increasing global concern that damages economic growth and the health of billions of people. Wastewater eco-treatment systems, e.g., constructed wetlands, have been developed as an alternative to conventional centralized wastewater treatment systems in the last few decades. They normally comprise a suite of recognized eco-technologies that are designed and constructed to mimic and manipulate the simultaneous physical, chemical, and biological processes occurring in natural systems for wastewater treatment purposes. The most attractive benefit of these technologies is their “green” and eco-friendly way of treating wastewater, with low operational costs and easy maintenance. In recent decades, along with the growing attention to eco-treatment technology, e.g., constructed wetlands, the design and construction have been extended from traditional basic models to various new configurations, technical amendments, and operations to improve the performance for pollution removal. Thus, the application of eco-treatment systems has significantly expanded from polishing tertiary and secondary effluent of centralized wastewater treatment plants to the treatment of various industrial effluents. Because of these eco-characteristics and economic advantages, some eco-treatment systems have been well documented in guidelines in many countries. Therefore, it is a good time to organize a Special Issue on the status of research and application in this field. Contributions from researchers with different backgrounds are appreciated and welcome.

Prof. Dr. Shubiao Wu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Wastewater treatment
  • Nitrogen and phosphorus removal
  • Sustainable water management
  • Diffuse pollution
  • Wetlands
  • Fate of pollutants
  • Sanitation
  • Heavy metals
  • Pollutant removal
  • Microbial processes
  • Degradation dynamics

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3481 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Combined Submerged Macrophyte Planting Conditions for Inhibiting Algae by Response Surface Methodology
by Shengnan Wang, Junxia Yu, Fang Guo, Guoqiang Pan, Lin Zhang, Hongying Hu, Yifeng Lu and Guohua Dao
Water 2020, 12(8), 2093; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12082093 - 23 Jul 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2312
Abstract
Combined planting of submerged macrophytes could be an effective way of controlling algal blooms in landscape waters. In this study, the algal inhibition of single and combined planting of Hydrilla verticillata (A) and Myriophyllum spicatum (B) were explored. The optimized combined planting conditions [...] Read more.
Combined planting of submerged macrophytes could be an effective way of controlling algal blooms in landscape waters. In this study, the algal inhibition of single and combined planting of Hydrilla verticillata (A) and Myriophyllum spicatum (B) were explored. The optimized combined planting conditions were investigated using the central composite design. The results showed that the combined planting had a synergistic algal-inhibiting effect. Its inhibition (I (K)) is about 10.8% higher than that of single planting with the same density. The synergism of the combined planting may be due to the different ways in which the two plants inhibit the algal growth. H. verticillata inhibited the algal biomass and M. spicatum inhibited the algal specific growth rate. When the density of H. verticillata and M. spicatum were 7.2 g/L and 6.7 g/L, the value of I (K) reached a maximum 92.2%. Although increasing planting density would improve the algal inhibition, high planting density was not beneficial for the growth of plants. Moreover, no further significant improvement was shown with the increasing planting density when the value of I(K) was higher than 90%. Therefore, the cost-effective combined macrophyte density was 11.6 g/L and the value of A/B ranged from 1.05 to 1.07, where the value of I (K) could achieve 90%. This study can provide a practical basis for using macrophytes to control algal blooms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Pollution Control Using Eco-treatment Systems)
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16 pages, 2445 KiB  
Article
Removal of High-Strength Ammonia Nitrogen in Biofilters: Nitrifying Bacterial Community Compositions and Their Effects on Nitrogen Transformation
by Fuquan Peng, Yuexiang Gao, Xiang Zhu, Qingqing Pang, Longmian Wang, Wenwen Xu, Jianghua Yu, Pengcheng Gao, Jingxian Huang and Yibin Cui
Water 2020, 12(3), 712; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12030712 - 5 Mar 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3430
Abstract
Increasing attention has been given to the treatment of livestock and poultry wastewater because of its high ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) content and low carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N). Ceramic filter medium (CFM) and dewatered aluminum sludge (DAS), which are products from cast-off [...] Read more.
Increasing attention has been given to the treatment of livestock and poultry wastewater because of its high ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) content and low carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N). Ceramic filter medium (CFM) and dewatered aluminum sludge (DAS), which are products from cast-off materials, are used as small-scale combined biological filters (CFM-DAS) for wastewater treatment. The high and stale removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N, and total nitrogen (TN) in the DAS filter indicate that DAS plays a major role in pollutant removal. Although significant differences are found between the composition of nitrifying bacteria in CFM and DAS, the structures of nitrifying communities are evenly distributed in each layer of CFM or DAS irrespective of the running time. Microbial compositions are attributed to the comprehensive effect of various environmental factors such as pH and TN at effluents. In the DAS, Nitrosospira shows significant negative correlation with the concentrations of NH4+-N in effluents, whereas it has positive correlation with NO3−-N, and Nitrososphaera has a significant negative correlation with NO3−-N in effluents. Pearson correlation test reveals that certain genera may be used in estimating or predicting NH4+-N consumption and NO3−-N accumulation in CFM-DAS for treating sewage with a high NH4+-N content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Pollution Control Using Eco-treatment Systems)
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12 pages, 2674 KiB  
Article
Short-Term Effects of Salt Stress on the Amino Acids of Phragmites australis Root Exudates in Constructed Wetlands
by En Xie, Xuejing Wei, Aizhong Ding, Lei Zheng, Xiaona Wu and Bruce Anderson
Water 2020, 12(2), 569; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020569 - 19 Feb 2020
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 3980
Abstract
In this study, the short-term effects of NaCl stress on the free amino acid content and composition of root exudates of Phragmites australis were evaluated. Nineteen amino acid types were detected in all samples. The results indicated that NaCl significantly influenced the total [...] Read more.
In this study, the short-term effects of NaCl stress on the free amino acid content and composition of root exudates of Phragmites australis were evaluated. Nineteen amino acid types were detected in all samples. The results indicated that NaCl significantly influenced the total amino acid (TotAA) content. The TotAA content at 6‰ salinity (1098.79 μM g−1 DW) was up to 24 times higher than that in the control group (45.97 μM g−1 DW) but decreased to 106.32 μM g−1 DW at 6‰ salinity in the first hour. The stress period also significantly affected the TotAA content. After 4 h of stress, the TotAA content of the control and 1‰ salinity groups increased by approximately 30- and 14-fold, and those of the 3‰ and 6‰ groups decreased to 60% and 37%, respectively. The increase in TotAA content was primarily caused by the increase in proline content; the proportion of proline accounted for 58.05% of the TotAA content at 3‰ salinity level in 2 h. Most amino acids showed a significant positive correlation with each other, but proline and methionine showed a different trend. Therefore, the proline level is a useful indicator of salt stress in Phragmites australis, especially in saltwater wetlands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Pollution Control Using Eco-treatment Systems)
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