Interferon-β1b Increases Th2 Response in Neuromyelitis Optica
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Comparison of Th1/Th2-Related Chemokine Receptor Expression at Baseline
2.2. Changes in Chemokine Receptor Expression by IFN-â1b Treatment
3. Discussion
4. Experimental Section
4.1. Subjects
4.2. Flow Cytometry
4.3. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
- Conflict of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.
References
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NMO (n = 10) | MS (n = 16) | HC (n = 14) | |
---|---|---|---|
CD4+CCR5+ | 4.71 ± 1.44 | 6.17 ± 2.74 | 5.97 ± 0.99 |
CD8+CCR5+ | 9.53 ± 3.69 | 16.14 ± 8.33 | 15.40 ± 4.02 * |
CD4+CXCR3+ | 24.58 ± 3.44 | 18.81 ± 5.05 ** | 15.75 ± 2.52 *** |
CD8+CXCR3+ | 24.55 ± 8.74 | 26.58 ± 9.52 | 23.0 ± 3.66 |
CD4+CCR4+ | 13.48 ± 5.15 | 10.94 ± 3.24 | 11.34 ± 1.95 |
CD8+CCR4+ | 2.44 ± 2.43 | 1.06 ± 0.65 | 0.71 ± 0.37 |
NMO (n = 5) | MS (n = 6) | p Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 55.3 | 42.2 | <0.05 | ||
Disease duration (years) | 9.1 | 6.8 | ns | ||
EDSS score | 5.1 | 3.3 | ns | ||
Annualized relapse rate before IFN-â1b | 2 | 2.3 | ns | ||
Annualized relapse rate after start of IFN-â1b | 2 | 0.3 | ns |
NMO (n = 10) | MS (n = 16) | HC (n = 10) | p Value (NMO vs. MS) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex (M:F) | 0:10 | 5:11 | 4:6 | ns |
Age | 45.1 ± 12.6 | 35.9 ± 12.9 | 33.4 ± 7.2 | ns |
Age at onset (years) | 37.2 ± 11.5 | 32.9 ± 12.8 | ns | |
Disease duration (years) | 7.5 ± 8.8 | 3.5 ± 4.8 | ns | |
Number of relapse | 5.6 ± 4.5 | 2.4 ± 1.8 | <0.05 | |
EDSS score | 6.5 ± 2.1 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | <0.0001 | |
Treatment | 5: IFN-â1b 5: treated with PSL and/or AZT | 12: IFN-â1b | ||
Anti-AQP4 antibody | 100% | 0% | <0.0001 | |
LESCL | 80% | 0% | <0.0001 |
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Nakajima, H.; Hosokawa, T.; Doi, Y.; Ikemoto, T.; Ishida, S.; Kimura, F.; Hanafusa, T. Interferon-β1b Increases Th2 Response in Neuromyelitis Optica. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 12213-12223. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131012213
Nakajima H, Hosokawa T, Doi Y, Ikemoto T, Ishida S, Kimura F, Hanafusa T. Interferon-β1b Increases Th2 Response in Neuromyelitis Optica. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(10):12213-12223. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131012213
Chicago/Turabian StyleNakajima, Hideto, Takafumi Hosokawa, Yoshimitu Doi, Toshiyuki Ikemoto, Shimon Ishida, Fumiharu Kimura, and Toshiaki Hanafusa. 2012. "Interferon-β1b Increases Th2 Response in Neuromyelitis Optica" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13, no. 10: 12213-12223. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131012213