Epigenetics in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Critical Overview
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Heterogeneity of Epigenetic Clocks and Their Use in AD Evaluation
3. Correlations between Epigenetic Alterations and Other Age-Related Hallmarks in AD
4. Epigenetic Modifications as Possible Diagnostic/Prognostic Biomarkers for AD
5. Therapies
6. Conclusions and Future Directions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MiRNA | Expression | Key Target (s) | Sample/Tissue | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
miR-9 | ↓ | BACE1 | serum | [100] |
miR-15b | ↓ | BACE1 | brain | [101] |
miR-16 | ↓ | APP | frontal cortex, serum | [102] |
miR-23a | ↑ | ADAM10 | serum | [103] |
miR-26a | ↓ | GSK3B | serum | [104,105] |
miR-26b | ↑ | Rb1 | serum, whole blood, CSF | [106,107,108] |
miR-29a | ↓ | BACE1 | brain, serum | [90,92] |
miR-29b | ↓ | BACE1 | blood | [93] |
miR-34c | ↑ | SIRT1 | serum, blood, mononuclear cells | [95,96] |
miR-107 | ↓ | BACE1, ADAM10 | plasma, whole blood | [109,110] |
miR-124 | ↓ | BACE1 | brain | [111] |
miR-125b | ↑ | NF-kB | serum | [112] |
miR-132 | ↓ | MMP9 | serum | [94] |
miR-146a | ↓ | NF-kB, IRAK-1 | plasma, CSF | [113] |
miR-181a | ↓ | GRIA2 | serum | [114] |
miR-181c | ↓ | SIRT1 | serum | [92] |
miR-206 | ↑ | BDNF | plasma | [115,116] |
miR-501-3p | ↓ | GRIA1 | serum | [117] |
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Villa, C.; Combi, R. Epigenetics in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Critical Overview. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 5970. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115970
Villa C, Combi R. Epigenetics in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Critical Overview. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(11):5970. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115970
Chicago/Turabian StyleVilla, Chiara, and Romina Combi. 2024. "Epigenetics in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Critical Overview" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 11: 5970. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115970