Aromatherapy for Symptom Relief in Patients with Burn: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Data Source, Search Strategy, and Study Selection
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.2.1. Design
2.2.2. Population
2.2.3. Intervention
2.2.4. Comparators
2.2.5. Outcome Measures
2.3. Study Selection
2.4. Data Extraction
2.5. Risk of Bias Assessment
2.6. Data Synthesis
3. Results
3.1. Description of Included SRs
3.2. Risk of Bias Assessment
3.3. Outcome Measures
3.3.1. Pain
Inhaled Aromatherapy plus Routine Care vs. Placebo plus Routine Care
Inhaled Aromatherapy plus Routine Care vs. Routine Care Alone
Aromatherapy Massage plus Routine Care vs. Routine Care Alone
3.3.2. Anxiety
Inhaled Aromatherapy plus Routine Care vs. Placebo plus Routine Care
Inhaled Aromatherapy plus Routine Care vs. Routine Care Alone
Aromatherapy Massage plus Routine Care vs. Placebo plus Routine Care
Aromatherapy Massage plus Routine Care vs. Routine Care Alone
3.3.3. Sleep Quality
Aromatherapy Massage plus Routine Care vs. Placebo plus Routine Care
Aromatherapy Massage plus Routine Care vs. Routine Care Alone
3.3.4. Adverse Events
4. Discussion
4.1. Summary of the Main Results
4.2. Overall Completeness and Applicability of Evidence
4.3. Agreement or Disagreement with Other Studies or Reviews
4.4. Limitations of This Review
4.5. Implications for Practice and Research
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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First Author (Year) [Ref.] | Total Sample Age (Range or Mean)/ Diagnostic Criteria | Intervention (Regimen) | Control (Regimen) | Main Outcomes | Main Results (Effect Estimate) | Trial Registration Number Registration Time |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bikmoradi (2016) [21] | 50 (A: 33, B: 34)/ second degree burn or second and third degree burns | (A) Damask Rose (inhale, 40%, 5 drops, 20 min before dressing, 2 nights, n = 25), plus routine care | (B) Placebo (distilled water, 5–30 min, n = 25), plus routine care | Pain (VAS) [dressing] | MD-0.88 [−1.27, −0.49], p < 0.001 | IRCT 201302249759N4 While recruiting |
Sadeghi (2020) [22] | 120 (A:37, B:37, C:35)/ second degree burns <30% | (A) Damask Rose (inhale, 40%, 6 drops, breath 5 times, 60 min, n = 40), plus C | (B) Placebo (distilled water, 6 drops, breath 5 times, 1 h, n = 40), plus C (C) Routine care (n = 40) | (1) Pain (VAS) (2) Anxiety (STAI) [dressing] | (1) A vs. B, MD-0.82 [−1.25, −0.39], p < 0.001; A vs. C, MD-1.02 [−1.48, −0.56], p < 0.0001 (2) A vs. B, MD-15.85 [−18.35, −13.35], p < 0.00001; A vs. C, MD-3.17 [−3.83,−2.5], p < 0.00001 | IRCT 2017030632129N3 While recruiting |
Azizi (2019) [23] | 120 (A:39, B:37, C:34)/ second degree burns <30% | (A) Lavender (inhale, 2%, 10 drops, breath 5 times, 60 min, 1 time, n = 40), plus C | (B) Placebo (distilled water, 10 drops, 1 h, 1 time, n = 40), plus C (C) Routine care | Pain (VAS) [dressing] | A vs. B, MD-0.38 [−0.94, 0.18], NS; A vs. C, MD-0.40 [−0.88, 0.08], NS | IRCT 2017030632129N3 While recruiting |
Daneshpajooh (2019) [24] | 140 (A:44, B: 40, C: 41, D: 44)/ second or higher degree burn injury | (A) Rose (inhale, 40%, 5 drops, for 20min, once daily for 3 days, n = 33), plus B | (B) Routine care (n = 33) (C) Benson relaxation (n = 33), plus B (D) A + C (n = 33), plus B | Burn specific pain anxiety scale [dressing] | A vs. B, MD-3.05 [−3.77, −2.33], p < 0.00001 | IRCT 20171212037843N1 While recruiting |
Harorani (2016) [25] | 60 (18–65)/ second degree burns or second and third degree burns together | (A) Lavender (inhale, 2%, 2 drops, 20 min, 3 days, n = 30), plus routine care | (B) Placebo (distilled water, n.r., n = 30), plus routine care | Anxiety (STAI) [general] | MD-4.60 [-7.07, -2.13], p < 0.001 | IRCT 2013042413110N1 While recruiting |
Seyyed-Rasooli (2016) [26] | 90 (A: 35, B: 35, C: 38)/ second degree burns <20%/ | (A) Essential oils (inhale, lavender oil 7 drops and Rosa damascene 3 drops, 30min, n.r., n = 30), plus C (B) Essential oils (massage, lavender oil 7 drops and Rosa damascene 3 drops, 30 min, n.r., n = 30), plus C | (C) Routine care (n = 30) | (1) Pain (VAS) (2) Anxiety (STAI) [general] | (1) A vs. C: MD-1.73 [−3.03, −0.43], p < 0.05; B vs. C: −2.46 [−3.64, −1.28], p < 0.0001; A vs. B: 0.73 [−0.54, 2.00], NS (2) A vs. C: MD-4.76 [−9.93, 0.41], NS; B vs. C: MD-3.03 [−8.36, 2.30], NS; A vs. B: −1.73 [−7.21, 3.75], NS | IRCT 201404176918N17 While recruiting |
Rafii (2020) [27] | 105 (A: 36, B: 37, C: 40)/ second- and third-degree burns | (A) Aroma (massage, lavender oil 2 drops and chamomile 2 drops, 20 min, 3 session within 1 week, n = 35), plus C | (B) Placebo (massage, bady oil, 20 min, 3 session within 1 week, n = 35), plus C (C) Routine care (n = 35) | (1) Anxiety (STAI) (2) Sleep [general] | (1) A vs. B: MD-0.82 [−3.30, 1.66], NS; A vs. C: MD-5.26 [−7.72, −2.80], p < 0.0001 (2) A vs. B: MD-1.58 [−2.92, −0.24], p < 0.05; A vs. C: MD-1.83 [−3.30, −0.36], p = 0.01 | IRCT 20180120038444N1 Prospective |
van Dijk (2018) [28] | 287 children (A: 24, B: 28, C: 25 months)/ second- and third-degree burns Burn incident <1 week | (A) Aroma (massage, 1% essential oils (chamomile, lavender, neroli), 10–20 min, 1–5 session within 2 weeks, n = 108), plus C | (B) Placebo (massage, carrier oil, 10–20 min, 5 session within 2 weeks, n = 90), plus C (C) Standard nursing care (n = 86) | (1) MTI, BSC (2) COMFORT-B (3) Distress (NRS) [general] | (1) NA † (2) NS (3) NS | Trial NL3771 (NTR3929) Prospective |
Principal researcher (Year) | Total Sample Age (Range or Mean)/Diagnostic Criteria | Intervention (Regimen) | Control (Regimen) | Main Outcomes | Trial Registration Number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arjomandzadegan (2017) | 60/(14–50 yrs) Second degree burn | (A) Thyme (spray, 1 to 5 times/day, n = 30), plus B | (B) Standard care (rinse with saline and silver ointment, n = 30) | Grid and depth of wound | IRCT2017032726394N3 |
Arjomandzadegan (2018) | 100/(2–10 yrs) Second degree burns | (A) Thyme (spray, 1 to 2 times/day, n = 50), plus rinse with saline and silver ointment | (B) Placebo (distilled gas1 to 2 times/day, n = 50), plus rinse with saline and silver ointment | Grid and depth of wound | IRCT20161017030336N1 |
Froutan (2018) | 60/(18–60 yrs) Second and third-degree burns | (A) Essential oils (inhale, Damask Rose (40%, 5 drops), lavender (10%, 7 drops), n = 30), plus B | (B) Anesthetic drugs (midazolam, fentanyl and ketamine, n = 30) | (1) Reducing anesthetic drugs (2) Brain activity (BIS) | IRCT20171123037599N2 |
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Lee, H.W.; Ang, L.; Kim, J.T.; Lee, M.S. Aromatherapy for Symptom Relief in Patients with Burn: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicina 2022, 58, 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58010001
Lee HW, Ang L, Kim JT, Lee MS. Aromatherapy for Symptom Relief in Patients with Burn: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicina. 2022; 58(1):1. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58010001
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Hye Won, Lin Ang, Jung Tae Kim, and Myeong Soo Lee. 2022. "Aromatherapy for Symptom Relief in Patients with Burn: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Medicina 58, no. 1: 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58010001