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Polymers
Volume 14
Issue 5
10.3390/polym14051047
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Systematic Review

The Effect of Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) Nanoparticles Addition on the Mechanical Parameters of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies

by
Kamila Chęcińska
1,
Maciej Chęciński
2,3,
Maciej Sikora
4,5,
Zuzanna Nowak
3,
Sławomir Karwan
6 and
Dariusz Chlubek
5,*
1
Department of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
2
Department of Oral Surgery, Preventive Medicine Center, Komorowskiego 12, 30-106 Kraków, Poland
3
Department of Temporomandibular Disorders, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Traugutta 2, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
4
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the Ministry of Interior, Wojska Polskiego 51, 25-375 Kielce, Poland
5
Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
6
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional Specialized Children’s Hospital, Żołnierska 18a, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Polymers 2022, 14(5), 1047; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14051047
Submission received: 28 December 2021 / Revised: 23 February 2022 / Accepted: 3 March 2022 / Published: 6 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Polymer Materials and Nanomaterials: Bioapplications and Beyond)
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Abstract

The number of studies on the subject of effects of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles addition on the mechanical parameters of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is still very limited. Therefore, in this research, the authors wanted to assess PMMA modified with the nano-ZrO2 additive in terms of changes in flexural, impact and tensile strength values in relation to PMMA without such component. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the effect of incorporating nano-ZrO2 into PMMA on individual types of material strength. The obtained numerical data were tabulated and analyzed in the search for percentage changes in those parameters. It was then calculated for each set and the procured model was examined using residual sum of squares (RSS) to assess the discrepancy between the data and the estimation model whilst mean absolute deviation (MAD) was employed to determine robustness. The results of the systematic review were composed of data obtained from individual studies presented in eight independent articles. Overall, the addition of nano-ZrO2 increases the flexural strength of the composite with the PMMA matrix depending on the size of the ZrO2 grains administered. Unfortunately, these conclusions are based on a very limited amount of research and require further verification, especially regarding tensile strength.
Keywords: zirconium dioxide; nanomaterials; polymethyl methacrylate; oral surgery; prosthodontics; PMMA zirconium dioxide; nanomaterials; polymethyl methacrylate; oral surgery; prosthodontics; PMMA

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chęcińska, K.; Chęciński, M.; Sikora, M.; Nowak, Z.; Karwan, S.; Chlubek, D. The Effect of Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) Nanoparticles Addition on the Mechanical Parameters of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies. Polymers 2022, 14, 1047. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14051047

AMA Style

Chęcińska K, Chęciński M, Sikora M, Nowak Z, Karwan S, Chlubek D. The Effect of Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) Nanoparticles Addition on the Mechanical Parameters of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies. Polymers. 2022; 14(5):1047. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14051047

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chęcińska, Kamila, Maciej Chęciński, Maciej Sikora, Zuzanna Nowak, Sławomir Karwan, and Dariusz Chlubek. 2022. "The Effect of Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) Nanoparticles Addition on the Mechanical Parameters of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies" Polymers 14, no. 5: 1047. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14051047

APA Style

Chęcińska, K., Chęciński, M., Sikora, M., Nowak, Z., Karwan, S., & Chlubek, D. (2022). The Effect of Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2) Nanoparticles Addition on the Mechanical Parameters of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies. Polymers, 14(5), 1047. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14051047

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