Search Results (7,794)

Background: Meniere’s disease (MD) is a rare inner ear disorder characterized by endolymphatic hydrops and symptoms such as vertigo and hearing loss, with no curative treatment currently available. XuanYunNing tablets (XYN) have been clinically used to treat MD, but their molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the pharmacological effects of XYN in a guinea pig model of MD and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of both MD pathogenesis and XYN intervention through integrated multi-omics analyses, including transcriptomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics. Methods: A guinea pig model of endolymphatic hydrops was induced by intraperitoneal injection of desmopressin acetate (dDAVP). Pharmacodynamic efficacy was evaluated via behavioral scoring and histopathological analysis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) modulated by XYN treatment were identified using high-throughput transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing. These data were integrated through multi-omics bioinformatic analysis. Key molecular targets and signaling pathways were further validated using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Results: Pharmacological evaluations showed that guinea pigs in the model group exhibited a 26% increase in endolymphatic hydrops area, while high-dose XYN treatment reduced this area by 19% and significantly improved functional parameters, including overall physiological condition (e.g., weight and general appearance), auricular reflexes to low-, medium-, and high-frequency sound stimuli, nystagmus, and the righting reflex. High-throughput sequencing combined with integrative omics analysis identified 513 potential molecular targets of XYN. Subsequent network and module analyses pinpointed the JAK-STAT signaling pathway as the central axis. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis further supported a causal relationship between MD and metabolic, immune, and inflammatory traits, reinforcing the central role of JAK-STAT signaling in both MD progression and XYN-mediated intervention. Mechanistic studies confirmed that XYN downregulated IFNG, IFNGR1, JAK1, p-STAT3/STAT3, and AOX at both mRNA and protein levels, thereby inhibiting aberrant JAK-STAT pathway activation in MD model animals. In addition, a total of 125 chemical constituents were identified in XYN by UHPLC-MS analysis. ZBTB20 and other molecules were identified as potential blood-based biomarkers for MD. Conclusions: This study reveals that XYN alleviates MD symptoms by disrupting a pathological cycle driven by JAK-STAT signaling, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. These findings support the clinical potential of XYN in the treatment of Meniere’s disease and may inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Full article

Urban lifeline Natech events are coupled systems composed of multiple risks and entities with complex dynamic transmission chains. Predicting risk evolution probabilities is the core task for achieving the safety management of urban lifeline Natech events. First, the risk evolution mechanism is analyzed, where urban lifeline Natech events exhibit spatial evolution characteristics, which involves dissecting the parallel and synergistic effects of risk evolution in spatial dimensions. Next, based on fitting marginal probability distribution functions for natural hazard and urban lifeline risk evolution, a Multi-dimensional Copula (MdC) function for the joint probability distribution of urban lifeline Natech event risk evolution is constructed. Building upon the MdC function, a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) model for predicting risk evolution probabilities of urban lifeline Natech events is developed using the Metropolis–Hastings (M-H) algorithm and Gibbs sampling. Finally, taking the 2021 Zhengzhou ‘7·20’ catastrophic rainstorm as a case study, joint probability distribution functions for risk evolution under Rainfall-Wind speed scenarios are fitted for traffic, electric, communication, water supply, and drainage systems (including different risk transmission chains). Numerical simulations of joint probability distributions for risk evolution are conducted, and visualizations of joint probability predictions for risk evolution are generated. Full article

Background: Robotic-assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) enhances the precision of component alignment compared to conventional techniques. Although various robotic systems exist, direct comparisons assessing their relative clinical performance remain limited. The purpose of this study is to provide a comparison between image-based and imageless robotic UKA. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Five databases were searched: PubMed (via MEDLINE), Epistemonikos, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. Inclusion criteria were (1) studies comparing rUKA and cUKA with radiologic parameters and revision rates (prospective or retrospective), (2) human subjects, (3) meta-analyses for cross-referencing, and (4) English language. Data collected included (1) pre- and postoperative radiologic parameters, (2) radiologic outliers, and (3) revisions and their causes. A random-effects meta-analysis was employed to enable a generalizable comparison. Mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for continuous variables, and log odds ratios (LORs) with 95% CIs for binary outcomes. Results: Image-based robotic UKA was associated with fewer joint line height outliers (LOR = 3.5, 95% CI: 0.69–6.30, p = 0.015) using a 2° threshold. HKA outliers (thresholds 2–3°) were also reduced (LOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.09–1.19, p = 0.024). Posterior tibial and posterior femoral implant fit were significantly lower with image-based systems (LOR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.37–2.03, respectively, LOR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.29–1.91; p < 0.001 for both). No significant differences in revision rates were observed. Conclusions: Image-based robotic systems may result in fewer outliers in key radiologic parameters, including hip–knee angle, joint-line height, posterior tibial, and posterior femoral fit, though reporting remains highly heterogeneous. Full article

Background: Lifestyle behaviours, such as dietary patterns, sleep quality, perceived stress, and physical activity, are closely interconnected and play a critical role in maintaining health and well-being. Among school teachers, a profession marked by high psychosocial demands, the interplay between these factors warrants further exploration. Objective: This pilot study aimed to explore the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD), sleep quality, perceived stress, and physical activity levels among Portuguese primary and secondary school teachers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and December 2023. Participants completed validated self-reported instruments, including the MD Adherence Screener (MEDAS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Correlational analyses and multivariable linear regression models were applied to explore the relationships among the variables. Results: Among the 50 teachers, 32% demonstrated high adherence to the MD, 60% reported good sleep quality, 62% experienced moderate stress, and 44% engaged in high physical activity. Women were more likely to adhere strongly to the MD (p = 0.012). Higher MD adherence was positively associated with physical activity (ρ = 0.343; p = 0.015). A positive correlation was observed between perceived stress and poorer sleep quality (ρ = 0.346, p = 0.014), and a negative correlation between perceived stress and physical activity levels (ρ = −0.297, p = 0.036). Despite reporting good sleep quality, these participants had higher perceived stress scores (p = 0.015). In adjusted models, sleep quality was the only significant predictor of perceived stress (B = 0.708; p = 0.003), and vice versa (B = 0.267; p = 0.003), suggesting a bidirectional relationship. Conclusions: The findings highlight the interrelation between dietary pattern, sleep stress, and physical activity in a professional group vulnerable to lifestyle-related health challenges. Although the sample size limits generalisability, this study provides preliminary evidence supporting the need for integrated health promotion strategies targeting stress reduction and lifestyle optimisation among educators. Full article

Background: Autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases (AICLDs), including primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), are characterized by progressive biliary injury and cholestasis, leading to an impaired quantity/quality of life. Pruritus affects 20–70% of patients and is often refractory to current treatments. Ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT) inhibitors reduce bile acid reabsorption and may alleviate cholestatic pruritus. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates their efficacy and safety in adults with AICLD. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane-CENTRAL for studies assessing IBAT inhibitors in adult AICLD patients with pruritus for ≥12 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in the 5-D Pruritus Scale. Secondary outcomes included sleep quality, serum bile acids, liver biochemistry, and safety. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane Q and I² statistics. Results: Three studies (n = 180) met inclusion criteria, including two RCTs and one single-arm study. Patients (78% female; 85% PBC; 77% linerixibat) showed a significant pruritus reduction (MD = −4.93, 95%CI [−6.26, −3.59], p < 0.0001), accompanied by improved sleep quality (MD = −8.12, 95%CI [−13.54, −2.70], p = 0.0033). Serum bile acids, FGF19, and autotaxin decreased significantly, with increased C4 levels. AST and GGT declined, while ALP, ALT, and bilirubin remained stable. Adverse events occurred in 89.7%, mainly diarrhea (22.7%), nausea (12.2%), and abdominal pain (18.2%); serious events were rare (2.2%). Conclusions: IBAT inhibitors significantly reduce pruritus and improve sleep in AICLD, with a favorable safety profile. These findings support their potential as a novel therapeutic option for cholestatic pruritus in adults with AICLD. Full article

Infectious keratitis (IK), including bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral etiologies, continues to represent a significant cause of ocular morbidity in the United States and around the world. Corneal scraping for smears and cultures remains the gold standard in diagnosing IK; however, molecular diagnoses, including metagenomic deep sequencing (MDS), are promising emerging diagnostic tools. Despite recent interest in procedural treatment such as riboflavin photoactivated chromophore corneal collagen cross-linking (PACK-CXL) and Rose Bengal photodynamic antimicrobial therapy (RB-PDAT), medical treatment advances have remained stagnant. Methods: This review highlights IK pathogens obtained from corneal cultures at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (BPEI) from 2011 to 2021 and provides the current BPEI algorithms for initial management of IK or as a referred clinically worsening patient. The roles of corticosteroid therapy, PACK-CXL, and RB-PDAT for IK are also summarized. Results: A total of 9326 corneal cultures were performed at BPEI between 2011 and 2021, and only 3609 (38.7%) had a positive organism identified, of which bacteria were the most common (83.4%). Fortified vancomycin and tobramycin are recommended as first-line medical therapy for IK patients based on culture sensitivity data for the top Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. PACK-CXL and RB-PDAT may benefit IK patients with corneal melting and fungal IK, respectively. Conclusions: Drug holidays, minimizing contamination, and optimizing sample order are crucial to maximizing corneal culture positivity. PACK-CXL and RB-PDAT are promising procedural advancements for IK therapy. Full article

Although significant progress has been made in the conservation of Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus) populations, rapid population growth in coastal wetlands has caused severe habitat degradation. This highlights the urgent challenge of balancing ungulate population dynamics with wetland restoration efforts, particularly considering the limited data available on post-disturbance ecosystem recovery in these environments. In this study, we evaluated soil quality and bacterial community dynamics at an abandoned feeding site and a nearby control site within the Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve during 2020–2021. The goal was to provide a theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of Père David’s deer habitat in coastal wetlands. The main findings are as follows: among the measured indicators, bulk density (BD), soil water content (SWC), sodium (Na⁺), total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available potassium (AK), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and the Chao index were selected to form the minimum data set (MDS) for calculating the soil quality index (SQI), effectively reflecting the actual condition of soil quality. Overall, the SQI at the feeding site was lower than that of the control site. Based on the composition of bacterial communities and the functional prediction analysis of bacterial communities in the FAPROTAX database, it is shown that feeding sites are experiencing sustained soil carbon loss, which is clearly caused by the gathering of Père David’s deer. Co-occurring network analyses demonstrated the structure of the bacterial community at the feeding site was decomplexed, and with a lower intensity than the control. In RDA, Na⁺ is the main soil property that affects bacterial communities. These findings suggest that the control of soil salinity is a primary consideration in the development of Père David’s deer habitat restoration programmes, followed by addressing nitrogen supplementation and carbon sequestration. Full article

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is largely driven by inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show therapeutic potential; however, their efficacy across CKD etiologies remains unclear. Methods: Comprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar. Effect sizes for inflammation and renal function outcomes were meta-analyzed. Results: Of 2514 studies screened, 52 met inclusion criteria (49 animal studies, 3 randomized controlled trials). In animal models, MSCs significantly reduced interleukin-6 (mean difference [MD] = −155.80; 95% CI: −249.10, −62.51; p = 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (MD = −35.53; 95% CI: −52.75, −18.30; p < 0.0001). In patients, TNF-α reduction was not significant (MD = −0.74; 95% CI: −2.20, 0.73; p = 0.32). Serum creatinine decreased in animals (MD = −0.38; 95% CI: −0.46, −0.29; p < 0.00001), but not in patients (MD = −0.59; 95% CI: −1.92, 0.74; p = 0.39). Blood urea nitrogen decreased in animals (MD = −19.27; 95% CI: −23.50, −15.04; p < 0.00001), and glomerular filtration rate improved (standardized MD = 1.83; 95% CI: 0.51, 3.15; p = 0.007), with no change in patients. Conclusion: MSCs improve inflammation and renal function in CKD animal models; however, evidence in patients remains inconclusive. Full article

Background/Objectives: Although considerable progress has been made in understanding lateral ankle sprains (LAS) and chronic ankle instability (CAI), recurrent injury rates remain high. This highlights the need to explore additional contributors such as comprehensive lower-limb gait analysis, including multisegmented foot models and proximal joint kinematics and strength. This study aimed to assess multisegmented foot and lower-limb kinematics throughout the gait cycle in individuals with CAI compared to healthy controls. Additionally, associations between hip abductor strength and frontal plane ankle kinematics were examined. Methods: Fifty males (25 with CAI and 25 healthy controls) participated in this cross-sectional study. Gait analysis was conducted using a BTS SMART 3D motion capture system to assess multisegmented foot and proximal joint kinematics. Isometric hip strength was measured using a Biodex dynamometer. Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) was used to assess group differences, and correlations were calculated between hip abductor strength and ankle kinematics. Results: The CAI group demonstrated significantly greater calcaneus abduction relative to the shank in the transverse plane between 88% and 93% of the gait cycle (MD = −3.50°, 95% CI [−5.60, −1.40], d = −0.95, p = 0.037). No other statistically significant between-group differences in hip, knee, or foot segment kinematics were detected. Furthermore, correlations between hip abductor strength and ankle frontal plane kinematics were not significant. Conclusions: Males with CAI demonstrated altered rearfoot kinematics in the transverse plane during the terminal swing phase. The multisegmented foot model was valuable in detecting subtle deviations and emphasized the importance of including the swing phase. Hip abductor strength was not associated with ankle kinematics, suggesting that its potential role in CAI may involve other mechanisms. These findings may support clinical gait assessment and rehabilitation planning by highlighting the importance of evaluating all foot segments and the entire lower limb, rather than focusing solely on the ankle joint. Segment-specific deviations, particularly those emerging during the swing phase, may help guide targeted interventions aimed at improving foot positioning in males with CAI. Full article

The multi-branch horizontal well for coalbed methane (CBM) is a core technical means to achieve efficient CBM extraction, and its productivity is jointly restricted by geological and engineering factors. To accurately grasp the main controlling factors of the productivity of multi-branch horizontal wells and provide a scientific basis for the optimized design of CBM development, this study takes Well W1 in the Wenjiaba Coal Mine of the Zhina Coalfield in Guizhou, China, as an engineering example and comprehensively uses three-dimensional geological modeling and reservoir numerical simulation methods to systematically explore the key influencing factors of the productivity of multi-branch horizontal wells for CBM. This study shows that coal seam thickness, permeability, gas content, and branch borehole size are positively correlated with the productivity of multi-branch horizontal wells. With the simulation time set to 1500 days, when the coal seam thickness increases from 1.5 m to 4 m, the cumulative gas production increases by 166%; when the permeability increases from 0.2 mD to 0.8 mD, the cumulative gas production increases by 123%; when the coal seam gas content increases from 8 m³/t to 18 m³/t, the cumulative gas production increases by 543%; and when the wellbore size increases from 114.3 mm to 177.8 mm, the cumulative gas production increases by 8%. However, the impact of branch angle and spacing on productivity exhibits complex nonlinear trends: when the branch angle is in the range of 15–30°, the cumulative gas production shows an upward trend during the simulation period, while in the range of 30–75°, the cumulative gas production decreases during the simulation period; the cumulative gas production with branch spacing of 100 m and 150 m is significantly higher than that with spacing of 50 m and 200 m. Quantitative analysis through sensitivity coefficients reveals that the coal seam gas content is the most important geological influencing factor, with a sensitivity coefficient of 2.5952; a branch angle of 30° and a branch spacing of 100 m are the optimal engineering conditions for improving productivity, with sensitivity coefficients of 0.2875 and 0.273, respectively. The research results clarify the action mechanism of geological and engineering factors on the productivity of multi-branch horizontal wells for CBM, providing a theoretical basis for the optimized deployment of well locations, wellbore structure, and drilling trajectory design of multi-branch horizontal wells for CBM in areas with similar geological conditions. Full article

:Solvents represent the quiet majority in biomolecular systems, yet modeling their influence with both speed and ri:gor remains a central challenge. This study maps the state of the art in implicit solvent theory and practice, spanning classical continuum electrostatics (PB/GB; DelPhi, APBS), modern nonpolar and cavity/dispersion treatments, and quantum–continuum models (PCM, COSMO/COSMO-RS, SMx/SMD). We highlight where these methods excel and where they falter, namely, around ion specificity, heterogeneous interfaces, entropic effects, and parameter sensitivity. We then spotlight two fast-moving frontiers that raise both accuracy and throughput: machine learning-augmented approaches that serve as PB-accurate surrogates, learn solvent-averaged potentials for MD, or supply residual corrections to GB/PB baselines, and quantum-centric workflows that couple continuum solvation methods, such as IEF-PCM, to sampling on real quantum hardware, pointing toward realistic solution-phase electronic structures at emerging scales. Applications across protein–ligand binding, nucleic acids, and intrinsically disordered proteins illustrate how implicit models enable rapid hypothesis testing, large design sweeps, and long-time sampling. Our perspective argues for hybridization as a best practice, meaning continuum cores refined by improved physics, such as multipolar water, ML correctors with uncertainty quantification and active learning, and quantum–continuum modules for chemically demanding steps. Full article

Desalination plays a critical role in addressing global water scarcity, yet brine disposal remains a significant environmental challenge. This study evaluates a minimal liquid discharge (MLD) membrane-based system integrating high-pressure reverse osmosis (HPRO) and membrane distillation (MD) for brine treatment, with a focus on the Eastern Mediterranean. A techno-economic assessment (TEA) was conducted to analyze the system’s feasibility, water recovery performance, energy consumption, and cost-effectiveness. The results indicate that the hybrid HPRO-MD system achieves a high water recovery rate of 78.65%, with 39.65 m³/day recovered from MD and 39 m³/day from HPRO. The specific energy consumption is 23.2 kWh/m³, with MD accounting for 89% of the demand. The system’s cost is USD 0.99/m³, generating daily revenues of USD 228 in Cyprus and USD 157 in Greece. Compared to conventional brine disposal methods, MLD proves more cost-effective, particularly when considering evaporation ponds. While MLD offers a sustainable alternative for brine management, challenges remain regarding energy consumption and the disposal of concentrated waste streams. Future research should focus on renewable energy integration, advanced membrane technologies, and resource recovery through brine mining. The findings highlight the HPRO-MD MLD system as a promising approach for sustainable desalination and circular water resource management. Full article

Background: Public beliefs about dietary risks, such as excessive salt intake, are often not isolated misconceptions but part of structured cognitive systems. This study aimed to explore how individuals organize their beliefs and misperceptions regarding salt-related health consequences. Material and Methods: Using data from an international online survey, we applied a system of multivariate proportional odds logistic regression (POLR) models to estimate conditional associations among beliefs about salt’s links to various diseases—including cardiovascular, metabolic, renal, neuropsychiatric, and mortality outcomes. In addition, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) were conducted to identify and validate latent constructs underlying the belief items. Beliefs were modeled as interdependent, controlling for latent constructs, sociodemographics, and self-reported health awareness. Statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) were visualized via a heatmap of beta coefficients. Results: Physicians showed almost universal agreement that salt contributes to hypertension (µ = 0.97), compared to non-medical respondents (µ = 0.85; p < 0.0001). Beliefs about mortality (µ = 1.55 for MDs vs. 0.99 for non-medical; p < 0.0001) emerged as central hubs in the belief network. Strong inter-item associations were observed, such as between hypertension and heart failure (β = −0.39), and between obesity and type 2 diabetes (β = −0.94). Notably, cognitive gaps were found, including a lack of association between atrial fibrillation and stroke, and non-reciprocal links between hypertension and heart failure. Conclusions: Beliefs about the health effects of salt are structured and sometimes asymmetrical, reflecting underlying reasoning patterns rather than isolated ignorance. Understanding these structures provides a systems-level view of health literacy and may inform more effective public health communication and education strategies. Full article

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS) are chronic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia. Sechium edule (S. edule) has emerged as a complementary option due to its bioactive compounds. A systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies was carried out until 25 May 2025 in the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and TESIUNAM. The keywords were “diabetes mellitus”, “Sechium edule”, “Squash”, “Chayote”, “hypoglycemic effect”, and “Older adults”. A total of 110 articles were found; 11 met eligibility criteria (six clinical trials and five preclinical trials). Three clinical trials met the requirements for meta-analysis. The mean difference (MD) was calculated, and data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 software. The meta-analysis showed a statistically significant decrease in serum glucose after three months (MD = −20.56, 95% CI −29.35 to −11.77, p < 0.0001) and six months after intervention (MD = −12.96, 95% CI = −21.90 to −4.02, p = 0.004). Likewise, there was a significant decrease in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) after three months (MD = −1.12, 95% CI = −1.45, −0.78, p < 0.0001) and after six months of intervention (MD = −0.92, 95% CI = −1.13, −0.25, p = 0.002). Our findings showed that S. edule intake has a statistically significant hypoglycemic effect in older adults with T2DM or MS by decreasing serum glucose and HbA1c levels. However, the magnitude of the decrease is clinically modest, so it cannot be a substitute for pharmacological treatment. For this reason, the intake of S. edule can only be considered as a complement to pharmacological treatment. Full article

The development of gravity flow sedimentology has improved our understanding of the physical properties of different types of gravity flow deposits, especially the advancement of various gravity flow models. Although studies of gravity flows have developed greatly, the linkage between different sub-facies and their reservoir properties is hindered by a lack of detailed sedimentary records. Here, integrated test data (including thin-section petrology, high-pressure mercury injection experiments, capillary pressure curve analysis, and scanning electron microscopy) are used to evaluate links between different types of gravity flows and their reservoir properties from the Late Triassic–Early Jurassic Anyao Formation, southeastern Paleo-Ordos Basin, China. The petrological and sedimentological data reveal two types of deep-water gravity flow deposits comprising sandy debris flow (SDF) and turbidity current (TC) deposits. Both are fine-grained lithic sandstones and form low-porosity and ultra-low permeability reservoirs. Secondary porosity, formed by the dissolution of framework grains, including feldspars and lithic fragments, dominates the pore types. This secondary porosity is widely developed in the Anyao Formation and formed by reaction with organic acids during burial (early mesodiagenesis). The associated mud rocks have reached the early mature stage of the oil window with Tmax of 442–448 °C. Compared with the turbidites, the sandy debris flows have higher framework grain content (87.9 vs. 84.8%), framework grain size (0.091 vs. 0.008 mm), porosity (6.97 vs. 3.44%), pore throat radius (0.102 vs. 0.025 μm), and permeability (0.025 vs. 0.005 mD) but are relatively poor in the sorting of framework grains and pore throat radii. The most important petrological factors affecting porosity and permeability of the SDF reservoirs are framework grain size and feldspar grain content, respectively, but those of the TC reservoirs are feldspar grain content and the maximum pore throat radius. Diagenetic dissolution of framework grains is the most important porosity-affecting factor for both SDF and TC reservoirs. Our multi-proxy study provides new insights into the links between gravity flow sub-facies and reservoir properties in the lacustrine deep-water environment. Full article