Search Results (13,421)

Background: Stress hyperglycemia may deteriorate stroke outcomes, but its impact on the prognosis following mechanical thrombectomy remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of stress hyperglycemia on in-hospital and 3-month outcomes in stroke patients with anterior circulation occlusion undergoing mechanical thrombectomy. Methods: A total of 415 patients who had mechanical thrombectomy in the anterior circulation were enrolled. The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) was calculated as the fasting glucose to glycated hemoglobin ratio and was categorized into tertiles (i.e., SHR1–3). In-hospital and 3-month outcomes were compared using multivariable regression models. The impact of SHR stratified by diabetes status was evaluated and the predictive accuracy of the Totaled Health Risks in Vascular Events (THRIVE)-c risk score was explored with the inclusion of SHR. Results: Compared to the SHR1–2 groups, the SHR3 group exhibited significantly higher rates of 24 h symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.088; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.551–10.772; p = 0.004) and 72 h early neurological deterioration (aOR, 3.505; 95% CI, 1.984–6.192; p < 0.001), while the incidence of post-stroke pneumonia did not differ significantly between the groups (aOR, 1.379; 95% CI, 0.838–2.268; p = 0.206). At three months, the SHR3 group had a worse distribution of modified Rankin scale (aOR, 2.261; 95% CI, 1.495–3.421; p < 0.001) and faced a higher risk of functional dependence (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.629; 95% CI, 1.230–2.158; p = 0.001) as well as all-cause mortality (aHR, 1.986; 95% CI, 1.235–3.194; p = 0.005). The adverse effects of an elevated SHR were more pronounced in non-diabetic patients, and incorporating SHR significantly enhanced the predictive accuracy of the THRIVE-c score for poor stroke outcomes. Conclusions: Stress hyperglycemia could be related to the risks of in-hospital complications and 3-month poor outcomes following mechanical thrombectomy in the anterior circulation. Full article

This study examined the dependability of Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) diodes under direct current (DC) switching surge stress from several manufacturers with identical electrical requirements. To prevent thermal damage, we applied a standard 3 ms DC switching surge and increased the surge voltage in increments of 0.1 V with intervals between surges. The breakdown voltage (V_BR) was measured after each DC switching surge to verify functionality. To find the maximum surge current and power level that each device could withstand before failing to clamp surge voltage at a defined V_BR level, three separate manufacturers’ TVS diode (V_BR = 6.8 V) samples were examined. There were significant variations in the computed maximum average surge current and power level between manufacturers’ samples determined by statistical analysis. Prior to failure, the average surge power was 202 W, 321 W, and 357 W, while the maximum average surge current was 29.0 A, 46.9 A, and 51.8 A, respectively. Computed 95% confidence interval ranges between manufacturers of TVS diodes revealed significant population reliability differences under DC switching surge stress. Therefore, an efficient TVS diode reliability metric for DC switching surge stress is the maximum average surge current and power immediately before device failure. Full article

Background/Objectives: XTEND is the largest global, prospective, observational study of treatment-naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) receiving 2 mg of intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) in routine clinical practice designed to examine the real-world effectiveness of IVT-AFL proactive treatment regimens. The outcomes from the Switzerland cohort are reported here. Methods: Patients aged ≥50 years were eligible if they planned to receive IVT-AFL 2 mg. After three initial monthly IVT-AFL injections, treatment intervals could be extended (4-week minimum treatment interval). Visual and anatomic outcomes, treatment exposure, and safety were assessed. Statistics were descriptive. Results: Fifty-one patients were treated. At baseline, the mean ± standard deviation (SD) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 64.9 ± 17.9 letters, and central subfield thickness (CST) was 402 ± 106 µm. At month (M) 12 and M24, the mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) change from baseline in BCVA was +5.7 (1.9, 9.4) and +5.6 (1.3, 9.8) letters, respectively. In patients with a high baseline BCVA (≥70 letters [n = 28; mean ± SD: 77.5 ± 4.8 letters]), BCVA was maintained at ≥70 letters at M12 and M24 (mean change from baseline [range] +1.0 [−15.0, 11.0] and +1.1 [–10.0, 14.0], respectively). At M12 and M24, the mean (95% CI) change in CST was −125 (−161, −90) µm and −127 (−162, −93) µm, respectively. Patients received a mean ± SD of 9.5 ± 3.2 and 13.7 ± 6.0 injections by M12 and M24, respectively. No safety concerns were identified. Conclusions: In Swiss routine clinical practice, functional and anatomic improvements were achieved with IVT-AFL 2 mg proactive treatment in patients with nAMD over 24 months despite a relatively high baseline BCVA. Full article

Background/Objectives: The objective of the study was to explore the combined effect of polymorphisms in the platelet glycoproteins Ia (GpIa) and IIIa (GpIIIa), along with the platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and P-Selectin genes, on the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss. Methods: This study involved 162 women with primary unexplained recurrent miscarriages and 60 fertile controls who had at least one uncomplicated full-term pregnancy without experiencing fetal loss. All participants were of Greek origin and were genotyped for four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), GpIa-C807T, GpIIIa-PlA1/PlA2, PECAM-1-C373G, and P-Selectin-A37674C, using pyrosequencing. A genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated in two forms: one based on the number of SNPs (dominant model) and the other based on the number of polymorphic alleles (additive model), utilizing logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses. Results: A statistically significant increase in the risk of miscarriage was observed with the number of polymorphic genes, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5 to 3.2, p < 0.001) for each additional SNP. The ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.689 (95% CI: 0.614 to 0.763, p < 0.001). The presence of two or more polymorphic genes demonstrated a sensitivity of 69.8% and specificity of 65%, with an OR = 4.3 (95% CI: 2.3 to 8.0, p < 0.001). The performance of the GRS improved in younger patients and those experiencing late miscarriages. An AUC = 0.839 (95% CI: 0.749 to 0.930, p < 0.001) and an OR = 7.0 (95% CI: 2.8 to 17.8, p < 0.001) per SNP were achieved for the age group < 30 years. For subjects with second trimester fetal loss, the GRS yielded an AUC = 0.742 (95% CI: 0.610 to 0.874, p = 0.002) and an OR = 3.6 (95%OR = 7.0, 95% CI: 2.8 to 17.8) per SNP. The allelic GRS produced similar or slightly diminished results. Conclusions: This study highlights the promising potential of a genetic risk score based on four SNPs in predicting unexplained recurrent miscarriages, particularly in younger individuals and in cases of late miscarriage. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the epidemiology of unexplained recurrent miscarriage, emphasizing the role of platelet thrombophilia. Full article

Background: The DEFUSE-3 and DAWN studies established the benefits of endovascular therapy for patients with stroke with large vessel occlusion in a 6–24 h time window. However, the effectiveness of endovascular therapy performed beyond 24 h remains uncertain. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the difference in prognosis between thrombectomies performed beyond 24 h and within 24 h from ischemic stroke onset. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases from database inception until 1 February 2024. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: This study included seven cohort articles involving 6137 participants who received endovascular therapy, with 395 patients in the beyond 24 h group and the remainder in the within 24 h group. The results for functional independence, successful reperfusion, any intracranial hemorrhage, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and 90-day mortality rates were similar between the two groups, with odds ratios of 1.06 (95% confidence interval: 0.51–2.19), 1.03 (0.72–1.48), 0.88 (0.64–1.21), 0.76 (0.41–1.40), and 1.32 (0.55–3.19), respectively. Furthermore, all trial sequential analysis results were inconclusive. Conclusions: Functional independence, successful reperfusion, mortality, and intracranial hemorrhage rates did not significantly differ between endovascular therapies performed beyond and within 24 h from ischemic stroke onset. Therefore, endovascular therapy may be considered for patients experiencing ischemic stroke for more than 24 h. However, randomized controlled trials and more cohort studies are needed to confirm these conclusions. Full article

Background/Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether there is an association between low-grade inflammation markers and primary hypertension (PH) in children. Methods: The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched up to March 2025 for cohort, cross-sectional, and case–control studies; additional references were obtained from reviewed articles. The studies needed to investigate an association between any inflammation markers and PH. Participants of the study were children (<18 years old) with PH and healthy controls. This meta-analysis included 13 studies published between 2005 and 2024, enrolling 1306 patients (745 with PH and 561 healthy controls). The data were analyzed using Review Manager. Pooled mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to assess the differences in inflammation markers. Results: There was a significant difference between hypertensive and control groups in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-RCP) concentration (mean difference (MD): 0.07 95%CI (0.04, 0.09)), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (MD: 85.28 95%CI: (50.57–119.99)), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) (MD: 259.78 95%CI: (22.65–496.91)), neutrophil count (MD: 0.90 95%CI (0.66–1.14)), monocyte count (MD: 0.08 95CI%: (0.04–0.11)), platelet count (MD: 20.24 95CI%: (4.27–36.21)), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (MD: 0.48 95%CI: (0.34–0.62)), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (MD: −0.52 95%CI: (−1.02–−0.02)). There was no difference in terms of interleukin 6 (IL-6), lymphocyte count, mean platelet volume (MPV), or platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) ratio. Conclusions: Some easily accessible markers of low-grade inflammation might be used as an additional tool for diagnosis and screening for hypertension in children. These results should be validated in large and well-conducted studies. Full article

Background: A drug-coated balloon (DCB) is an emerging treatment technology for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the prognostic factors of PCI with a DCB remain fully determined. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent PCI. The aim of this present study was to clarify the impact of CKD on prognosis in CAD patients who underwent PCI with a DCB. Methods: We enrolled 252 consecutive patients with CAD who underwent PCI with a DCB from 2015 to 2023. The endpoints of this study were composite events including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, stroke, and major bleeding. Results: The prevalence rate of CKD was 48%. Patients with CKD were older and had higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus than those without. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed a significantly higher composite event rate in patients with CKD (log-rank test, p = 0.003). In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, CKD was independently associated with composite events after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted hazard ratio 1.985, 95% confidence intervals 1.157–3.406, p = 0.013), mainly driven by all-cause deaths. Conclusions: CKD was associated with unfavorable outcomes in CAD patients who underwent PCI with a DCB. Full article

Chronic exposure to the pollutant cadmium (Cd) is inevitable for most people because it is present in nearly all food types. Concerningly, the risk of developing hypertension has been linked to dietary Cd exposure lower than 58 µg/day for a 70 kg person. The mechanisms involved are, however, unclear. Since the kidneys play an indispensable role in long-term blood pressure regulation, and they are also the main site of Cd accumulation and toxicity, a retrospective analysis was conducted to examine if kidney damage and malfunction, reflected by urinary β₂-microglobulin excretion (E_β2M), and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), are related to Cd excretion (E_Cd) and blood pressure variation. Data were obtained from 689 Thai Nationals without diabetes or occupational exposure to Cd, of which 32.4% had hypertension and 7.3% had β₂-microglobulinuria, defined as an increase in the β₂M excretion rate ≥ 300 µg/g creatinine. Respective prevalence odds ratio (POR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) values for β₂-microglobulinuria and hypertension were 10.7 (1.36–83.4), p = 0.024 and 2.79 (1.60–4.87) p < 0.001, comparing the top quartile of E_Cd with the bottom quartile. Only in subjects with eGFR below 90 mL/min/1.73 m² did systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) both increase linearly with E_β2M (respective β = 0.182 and 0.192 for SBP and DBP) after adjustment for age, body mass index, gender, and smoking. The present study confirms the significant impact of Cd on the risk of having hypertension, following GFR loss induced by Cd. A simple mediation model analysis for cause–effect inference has provided, for the first time, evidence that may link rising SBP and DBP in Cd-exposed people to a novel role of β₂M as a predictor of blood pressure variability. Full article

Background/Objectives: Early-onset cancer is an emerging global health concern, including in the United States. However, data on early-onset liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer remain limited. This study aims to fill this gap by analyzing trends in early-onset liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer in the United States over the past two decades. Methods: This study used National Childhood Cancer Registry data to examine temporal trends in early-onset liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer in the United States. The analysis involved estimating age-adjusted incidence rates of early-onset liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer, stratified by histological type, ethnicity, and sex. Results: In 2021, the age-adjusted incidence rate of early-onset liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer was estimated at 0.53 per 100,000 population (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.48–0.59). From 2001 to 2021, the age-adjusted incidence rate showed a significant annual percent change (APC) of 1.35% (95% CI: 0.87–1.83%). When stratified by sex, the age-adjusted incidence rate in females increased significantly (APC: 3.07%, 95% CI: 2.26–3.87%) while remaining stable in males. Among racial and ethnic groups, non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) individuals had the highest age-adjusted incidence rate, recorded at 2.67 per 100,000 population (95% CI: 0.95–5.85). By histological type, hepatic carcinoma had the highest age-adjusted incidence rate, significantly increasing over time (APC: 1.47%, 95% CI: 0.96–1.99%). In contrast, the incidence rates for hepatoblastoma and unspecified hepatic tumors remained stable between 2001 and 2021. Conclusions: Our study identified an increasing incidence of early-onset liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer in the United States, primarily driven by cases in females and hepatic carcinoma. Full article

Introduction: Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are widely consumed despite their established associations with obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and other metabolic disorders. One potential factor contributing to high UPF consumption is the decline in cooking skills, particularly among younger generations. This study aimed to describe the cooking skill perceptions of a sample of Spanish adolescents to examine the relationship between perceived cooking skills and UPF consumption, and to identify the specific UPF subcategories most associated with perceived cooking skills. Methods: This study is a secondary cross-sectional analysis using data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study, which was conducted among 847 Spanish adolescents (12–17 years) from three secondary schools in Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain). The participants’ perceptions of their cooking skills were assessed through the following question: “How would you rate your cooking skills?”. The response options included (a) very adequate, (b) adequate, (c) inadequate, and (d) very inadequate. UPF consumption was evaluated via a self-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) previously validated for the Spanish population. UPFs were classified according to the NOVA system, which distinguishes four groups: (1) unprocessed or minimally processed foods; (2) processed culinary ingredients, such as salt, sugar, and oils, used to enhance the preparation of fresh foods; (3) processed foods; and (4) UPF and drink products. To examine the associations between perceived cooking skills and UPF consumption, marginal means and 95% confidence intervals for servings of individual UPF groups were calculated via generalized linear models. These models were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, and body mass index to control for potential confounders. Post hoc comparisons between cooking skill categories were conducted via false discovery rate correction following the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Most participants (47%) rated their cooking skills as adequate (47%) or very adequate (18%). Overall UPF intake showed a decreasing trend across skill levels, with the “very adequate” group consuming significantly fewer servings than the “very inadequate” group did (p = 0.015). Among the specific UPF categories, adolescents in the “very adequate” category consumed significantly fewer sweets than those in the “very inadequate” and “inadequate” categories did (p < 0.05 for all). Conclusions: This study revealed evidence of a relationship between cooking skills and overall UPF intake. These results support the importance of interventions that promote cooking competencies among adolescents. School-based culinary programs and community initiatives that teach adolescents simple, time-efficient, and cost-effective cooking techniques could help reduce the overall intake of UPFs. Full article

Background: Major depression places psychological strain on the individual that may increase the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Though the use of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) is widespread in clinical practice, its effect on the prevention of RA incidents is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the association between CHMs use by patients with depression and their subsequent risk of being diagnosed with RA. Methods: This nested case–control study used claims data from a nationwide insurance database. We identified patients aged 20–70 years with newly diagnosed depression and without pre-existing RA between 2002 and 2010. We enrolled those with RA onset occurring after depression by the end of 2013 (n = 973). Randomly matched controls were selected from the remaining patients with depression but without RA (n = 1946). Conditional logistic regression analysis was executed to assess the association between CHMs use and RA onset. Data are presented as p-values with the significance set at 0.05 and as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In this study, we found that adding CHMs treatment to conventional antidepressants greatly decreased the subsequent risk of RA among patients with depression, with an ORs of 0.64 (95% CIs: 0.57–0.76). Those using CHMs for more than three years had the most striking benefit, with a 61% lower risk of RA. Notably, initiating CHMs within the first 2 years after depression onset resulted in the greatest decrease in the RA risk. Conclusion: Using CHMs with conventional antidepressant therapy reduced the RA risk among patients with depression. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the molecular mechanism underlying the action of these herbal agents. Full article

Background/Objectives: Psychological distress, including anxiety and depression, significantly impacts quality of life (QoL) in colorectal cancer patients. This study explores the relationship between psychological distress and QoL, identifies risk factors (e.g., advanced disease stage, socioeconomic status, and social support levels), and evaluates the influence of emotional and social functioning on patient well-being. Additionally, this study examines workplace reintegration challenges faced by cancer survivors. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted with 50 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy. QoL was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D scales, while anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and De-pression Scale (HADS). Assessments were conducted at baseline and at the end of a six-month treatment period. Data were analyzed using correlation and multivariate regression analyses to explore associations between psychological distress and QoL, adjusting for disease stage, social support, and demographic factors. Results: Emotional functioning showed a statistically significant improvement by the sixth chemotherapy cycle (p < 0.05), while physical and role functions remained stable. However, psychological health, as assessed through HADS, showed no significant improvement, highlighting the need for targeted psychological support. Negative correlations were observed between QoL scores and anxiety and depression levels, with stronger associations detected in the later stages of treatment. Patients with advanced disease stages and poor social support were identified as high-risk groups for psychological distress. Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) and confidence intervals were calculated to assess the practical significance of findings. Conclusions: This study highlights the critical impact of psychological distress on the QoL of colorectal cancer patients, emphasizing the importance of integrating systematic psychological assessments and tailored interventions in oncology care. Future research should incorporate larger sample sizes, extended follow-up periods, and an exploration of mediating factors to enhance understanding and improve patient-centered interventions. Full article

Background/Objectives: Influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are common vaccine-preventable diseases to which people living with HIV (PLWH) may be more susceptible. This study aims to investigate the incidence of confirmed influenza and pneumococcal infections, and to determine the incidence rate (IR) and factors associated with vaccine uptake in a population of virologically suppressed PLWH. Methods: We included 1031 virologically suppressed PLWH from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection (COCOMO) study. Data on infections and vaccinations between 2015 and 2020 were collected from nationwide registries. Incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of confirmed influenza and pneumococcal infections and vaccine uptake were calculated, and predictors of vaccine uptake were explored using logistic regression. Results: The IR of influenza showed variation from year to year and ranged between 0 (95% CI: 0.0, 7.6) and 18.0 (95% CI: 8.2, 34.1) per 1000 person-years at risk with an overall IR of 8.4 per 1000 person-years at risk (95% CI: 5.4, 12.3). The overall IR of pneumococcal infections was 5.5 per 1000 person-years at risk (95% CI: 3.9, 7.5). Among PLWH, 53.2% were influenza-vaccinated at least once, 72.3% and 22.6% of PLWH were vaccinated at least twice and in all six seasons, respectively, while 31% had at least one pneumococcal vaccine. Previous pneumonia or bronchitis, higher body mass index, use of drugs to treat heart conditions, and longer time with HIV were independently associated with vaccine uptake. Conclusions: We found high incidences of confirmed influenza and pneumococcal infections in virologically suppressed PLWH, but vaccine uptake was below recommendations, highlighting the need for improved vaccination counseling. Full article

Background/Objectives: Elevated levels of adiponectin in chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been paradoxically associated with increased mortality. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between circulating adiponectin levels and all-cause mortality in patients with CKD, in total and various subgroups. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from their inception to December 2024 for studies examining baseline adiponectin levels and observed mortality outcomes in patients with CKD. Studies were included if they evaluated CKD stages 2–5 patients, measured baseline circulating adiponectin levels, and reported hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality. We excluded non-original research, studies of acute conditions, normal kidney function, kidney transplantation, and those using log-transformed or standardized HRs. HRs with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for all-cause mortality risk per 1 µg/mL increase in adiponectin were extracted and analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 4. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results: Twelve studies with 2523 subjects were included. The pooled unadjusted HR was 1.003 (95% CI: 0.981–1.025) using a random-effects model (I² = 79%). Subgroup analyses demonstrated increased mortality risk with elevated adiponectin levels in non-Asia (HR 1.021 [95% CI: 1.006–1.037], p = 0.006), studies with female proportion <47% (HR 1.021 [95% CI: 1.009–1.033], p < 0.001), and studies with body mass index ≥25 kg/m² (HR 1.023 [95% CI: 1.008–1.038], p = 0.003). In contrast, higher adiponectin levels were associated with decreased mortality risk in the peritoneal dialysis group (HR 0.956 [95% CI: 0.934–0.979], p < 0.001) and female proportion ≥47% group (HR 0.929 [95% CI: 0.874–0.988], p = 0.019). Discussion/Conclusions: This meta-analysis revealed that elevated adiponectin levels have varying associations with the risk of all-cause mortality across CKD patient subgroups. These findings suggest that the prognostic value of adiponectin levels in CKD may be modulated by demographic and clinical factors. Limitations include poor generalizability with underrepresentation of early-stage CKD. This research received no external funding and was not registered. Full article

Background: Primary molars with deep carious lesions often require a treatment with pulpotomy and restoration with a crown. Aim: This study aims to compare the survival rates of stainless steel (SSC) and zirconium oxide (ZOC) crowns carried out on pulpotomized primary molars using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) 4 to 6 lesions. Materials and Methods: The data of 100 patients (mean age 5.3 ± 2.1 years, mean decayed, missing or filled primary teeth (dmft) 7.1 ± 3.2) with 272 primary molars (40, 225, 7 with ICDAS 4, 5, 6, respectively) were collected retrospectively from a specialized private pediatric dental office after ethical approval was obtained and each participant agreed to participation in the study. Primary molars were treated between 2019 and 2021 with pulpotomy (15.5% ferrous sulfate solution for hemostasis and zinc oxide eugenol as a wound dressing) followed by a crown (203 SSC and 69 ZOC) with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months and a mean follow-up time of 28.2 (±11.0) months. Results: Failure occurred significantly less often in SSC (n = 13 out of 203) than in ZOC (n = 20 out of 69; p < 0.001). Major failure was attributed to swelling and abscess (n = 13, 39.4%) followed by the occurrence of fistula (n = 15, 45.4%) and fracture of the crown and abutment (n = 5, 15.2%). Minor failure due to cement dissolution occurred significantly less often in SSC than in ZOC (n = 10 out of 203 vs. n = 9 out of 69; p < 0.005. A Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed an overall estimated survival time of 38.25 (Confidence interval (CI): 37.0–39.4) months for both types of crowns. A Log-Rank (Mantel–Cox) analysis showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in the estimated mean survival time of SSC (39.75; CI: 38.5–40.9 months) and ZOC (33.4; CI: 30.5–36.3 months). Survival probability drops just below 80% for ZOC and stays a little over 90% for SCC around the 20th month. Conclusions: SSC showed an advantage over its ZOC counterpart when placed after pulpotomy for the management of primary molars with deep carious lesions. A higher necessity for re-intervention in the more aesthetic ZOC should be considered in clinical decision taking. Full article