49 Results Found

Calcitriol, a vitamin D₃ metabolite, is approved for various indications because it is the bioactive form of vitamin D in the body. The purpose of this study was to predict the clinical significance of cytochrome P450 (CYP) induction by calcitriol us...

The transition from batch to continuous production in the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) into hydrogenated NBR (HNBR) marks a significant advance for applications under demanding conditions. This study introduces a continuo...

Background: Pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions (DDIs) can be caused by the effect of a pharmaceutical compound on the activity of one or more subtypes of the Cytochrome P450 (CYP) family, UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), and/or transpor...

A phase-locked loop (PLL), as a synchronization unit commonly employed in grid-connected converters (GCCs), jeopardizes system stability under a weak grid. Therefore, synchronization units without a PLL, such as active power synchronization (APS), ha...

This study addresses the challenge of annular gas migration control during the waiting-on-cement (WOC) period in managed pressure cementing for formations with narrow safe pressure windows. A dynamic pressure compensation optimization strategy is pro...

Opioids are commonly prescribed for the treatment of chronic pain. Approximately 50% of adults who are prescribed opioids for pain co-use cannabis with their opioid treatment. Morphine is primarily metabolized by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7...

This study predicted dapaconazole clinical drug–drug interactions (DDIs) over the main Cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes using static (in vitro to in vivo extrapolation equation, IVIVE) and dynamic (PBPK model) approaches. The in vitro inhibitio...

Simulating carbohydrate digestion in physiologically relevant ways remains a challenge for in vitro models. In this study, the Dynamic In vitro Human Stomach (DIVHS) system was applied to investigate cereal digestion and subsequent intestinal cellula...

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) contributes substantially to the volume of recycled waste in the world. This research aims to evaluate the mechanistic performance of asphalt concrete with 100% RAP (RAP-AC) modified with natural hemp fiber (HF) reinf...

Axial harmonic excitation is an emerging method for enhancing drilling speed, yet its influence on the torsional dynamics of a drill string remains unclear. To investigate these effects, this study establishes a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) nonlin...

The air separation process is an important industrial process for the production of high-purity nitrogen and oxygen, representing the level of technological development in a country’s chemical industry. It has high energy consumption but very l...

Accurate prediction of the dynamic compressive strength of brittle engineering materials is of significant theoretical and engineering importance for underground engineering design, safety assessment, and dynamic hazard prevention. To enhance predict...

The parameterization of hybrid-mechanistic storm damage models is largely based on the results of tree pulling tests. The tree pulling tests are used for imitating the quasi-static wind load associated with the mean wind speed. The combined effect of...

Previous mechanistic models, proposed to explain the process of damage accumulation and stress redistribution between strong and weak regions inherent within the microstructure of α/β and near α titanium alloys, are validated through a matrix of expe...

The widespread use of tetracycline (TC) poses potential hazards to ecosystems and human health. In this study, ZIF-67 was successfully synthesized using a room-temperature static synthesis method and applied to the efficient removal of TC from water....

Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a severe threat to rice safety and human health, while traditional linear models exhibit significant limitations in predicting rice Cd accumulation due to environmental complexities. This study systematically evaluated th...

Organoid technology has emerged as a revolutionary tool in cancer research, offering physiologically accurate, three-dimensional models that preserve the histoarchitecture, genetic stability, and phenotypic complexity of primary tumors. These self-or...

Background: Viral–bacterial co-infections can amplify disease severity through complex biological mechanisms. Mathematical models are critical tools for understanding these threats, but it is unclear how well they capture the underlying biology...

The clinical management of major depressive disorder remains hampered by a trial-and-error approach to treatment selection, a challenge that current diagnostic and static predictive models have failed to address. While artificial intelligence (AI) ap...

The aims of this study were to characterize the antifungal activity of amphotericin B against Candida auris in a static in vitro system and to evaluate different dosing schedules and MIC scenarios by means of semi-mechanistic pharmacokinetic/pharmaco...

The integration of geodiversity elements and contexts into fire management frameworks remains limited due to a lack of actionable tools for assessing geosite sensitivity. This study addresses this gap by developing and testing a mechanistic model to...

Polymers and polymer composites are negatively impacted by environmental ageing, reducing their service lifetimes. The uncertainty of the material interaction with the environment compromises their superior strength and stiffness. Validation of new c...

Bearing elements under rolling contact fatigue (RCF) exhibit microstructural features, known as white etching bands (WEBs) and dark etching regions (DERs). The formation mechanism of these microstructural features has been questionable and therefore...

Power transmission covering long-distances has shifted from overhead high voltage cables to underground power cable systems due to numerous failures under severe weather conditions and electromagnetic pollution. The underground power cable systems ar...

Building upon the geological cycle theory, this study proposes fault cycles as a critical component of tectonic cyclicity in petroliferous basins. Focusing on reservoir-controlling faults in the southwestern Qaidam Basin, we systematically analyze fa...

Protein machines are clusters of protein assemblies that function in order to control the transfer of matter and energy in cells. For a specific protein machine, its working mechanisms are not only determined by the static crystal structures, but als...

Causal discovery from time-series data seeks to capture both intra-slice (contemporaneous) and inter-slice (time-lagged) causal relationships among variables, which are essential for many scientific domains. Unlike causal discovery from static data,...

Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys are attractive for functional and biomedical applications due to their shape memory effect, superelasticity, and favorable corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. In this work, the influence of strut size on the compr...

Background: Accurate assessment of CYP2C induction-mediated drug–drug interactions (DDIs) remains a challenge, despite the importance of CYP2C enzymes in drug metabolism. Limitations in available models and scarce clinical induction data have h...

Battery mechanical properties degrade progressively with aging, manifesting as expansion pressure in module-constrained cells. Here, an in situ pressure operating system was developed to replicate the mechanical environment of lithium iron phosphate...

During the transition of culture-featured district planning from static conservation to innovation-driven models, existing research remains constrained by mechanistic paradigms, reducing districts to functional containers and neglecting human percept...

For more than a century, pathology has served as a cornerstone of modern medicine, relying primarily on static microscopic assessment of tissue morphology—such as H&E staining—which remains the “gold standard” for disease...

Background: The Warburg effect, historically regarded as a hallmark of cancer metabolism, is often interpreted as a universal metabolic feature of tumor cells. However, accumulating experimental evidence challenges this paradigm, revealing a more nua...

The strength and energy of processed biological materials depend, among others, on their properties. Despite the numerous studies available, the relationship between the internal structure of corn grains and their mechanical properties has not yet be...

To address the technical limitations of traditional pavement performance prediction models in capturing temporal features and analyzing multi-factor coupling, this study proposes a Bayesian Optimization Dual-Layer Feature Fusion Model (BO-DLFF). The...

Treatment of certain central nervous system disorders, including different types of cerebral malignancies, is limited by traditional oral or systemic administrations of therapeutic drugs due to possible serious side effects and/or lack of the brain p...

The field of bacterial systems biology is rapidly advancing beyond static genomic analyses, and moving toward dynamic, integrative approaches that connect genetic variation with cellular function. This review traces the progression from genome-wide a...

Osteocytes translate fluid shear stress into biochemical signals critical for bone homeostasis. Here, we combined 3-dimensional (3D) osteocyte culture, microgravity simulation, fluid shear mimicking reloading after disuse, and real-time calcium signa...

Living systems exhibit anticipation, adaptability, and resilience that cannot be fully explained by stimulus–response models, static homeostasis, or convergence-based optimization. This work addresses this gap by proposing a theoretical framewo...

Fatigue is the main design criterion for cold recycled cement-treated mixtures (CRCTMs). However, the literature shows that the fatigue behavior of such mixtures is still not well known. For example, the effect of increasing reclaimed asphalt pavemen...

Underground gas storage (UGS) is critical to national reserves and seasonal peak-shaving, and its safe operation is integral to energy security. In UGS surface process pipelines, heterogeneous bimetal composite pipes—carbon-steel substrates lin...

Maize yields in many regions of the world have increased significantly since the 1960s. The increase is mainly attributed to technological improvements and climate change. On a regional scale and in recent decades, climate change has altered growth c...

Benzodiazepines (BZDs) such as oxazepam are commonly prescribed depressant drugs known for their anxiolytic, hypnotic, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant effects and are frequently used in conjunction with other illicit drugs including cannabis. Oxa...

We aim to replace the current industry-standard empirical forecasts of oil production from hydrofractured horizontal wells in shales with a statistically and physically robust, accurate and precise method of matching historic well performance and pre...

The dynamic non-equilibrium effect (DNE) describes the non-unique character of saturation–capillary pressure relationships observed under static, steady-state, or monotonic hydrodynamic conditions. Macroscopically, the DNE manifests as variatio...

Dental caries, a prevalent biofilm-mediated chronic disease, causes enamel demineralization, pulp infection, and systemic complications. Dental plaque biofilm is the initiating factor for the occurrence and development of caries. Streptococcus mutans...

Background/Objectives: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) remain frequent and increase morbidity, mortality, and resource use. Preoperative risk scores (ARISCAT, NSQIP-derived calculators) use mostly static variables and may miss the dynami...

Chronic, dysregulated inflammation contributes to colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC), and the cGAS–STING pathway represents a central but therapeutically challenging node because both insufficient and excessive STING activity can be pat...

Background/Objectives: Glioblastoma (GBM) exhibits heterogeneous, nonlinear invasion patterns that challenge conventional modeling and radiomic prediction. Most deep learning approaches describe the morphology but rarely capture the dynamical stabili...