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Keywords = superwetting membrane

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19 pages, 6017 KB  
Article
Construction of a Covalent Crosslinked Membrane Exhibiting Superhydrophilicity and Underwater Superoleophobicity for the Efficient Separation of High-Viscosity Oil–Water Emulsion Under Gravity
by Mengxi Zhou, Peiqing Yuan, Xinru Xu and Jingyi Yang
Molecules 2025, 30(8), 1840; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30081840 - 19 Apr 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 525
Abstract
The separation of high-viscosity oil–water emulsions remains a global challenge due to ultra-stable interfaces and severe membrane fouling. In this paper, SiO2 micro–nanoparticles coated with polyethyleneimine (PEI) were initially loaded onto a stainless steel substrate. This dual-functional design simultaneously modifies surface roughness [...] Read more.
The separation of high-viscosity oil–water emulsions remains a global challenge due to ultra-stable interfaces and severe membrane fouling. In this paper, SiO2 micro–nanoparticles coated with polyethyleneimine (PEI) were initially loaded onto a stainless steel substrate. This dual-functional design simultaneously modifies surface roughness and wettability. Furthermore, a covalent crosslinking network was created through the Schiff base reaction between PEI and glutaraldehyde (GA) to enhance the stability of the membrane. The membrane exhibits extreme wettability, superhydrophilicity (WCA = 0°), and underwater superoleophobicity (UWOCA = 156.9°), enabling a gravity-driven separation of pump oil emulsions with 99.9% efficiency and a flux of 1006 L·m−2·h−1. Moreover, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrate that the SiO2-PEI-GA-modified membrane promotes the formation of a stable hydration layer, reduces the oil–layer interaction energy by 85.54%, and exhibits superior underwater oleophobicity compared to the unmodified SSM. Efficiency is maintained at 99.8% after 10 cycles. This study provides a scalable strategy that combines covalent crosslinking with hydrophilic particle modification, effectively addressing the trade-off between separation performance and membrane longevity in the treatment of viscous emulsions. Full article
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11 pages, 2904 KB  
Article
Superhydrophilic and Underwater Superoleophobic Copper Mesh Coated with Bamboo Cellulose Hydrogel for Efficient Oil/Water Separation
by Yun Peng, Shuang Zhao, Chuanlin Huang, Feifei Deng, Jie Liu, Chunhua Liu and Yibao Li
Polymers 2024, 16(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16010014 - 19 Dec 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2405
Abstract
Super-wetting interface materials have shown great potential for applications in oil–water separation. Hydrogel-based materials, in particular, have been extensively studied for separating water from oily wastewater due to their unique hydrophilicity and excellent anti-oil effect. In this study, a superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic [...] Read more.
Super-wetting interface materials have shown great potential for applications in oil–water separation. Hydrogel-based materials, in particular, have been extensively studied for separating water from oily wastewater due to their unique hydrophilicity and excellent anti-oil effect. In this study, a superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic bamboo cellulose hydrogel-coated mesh was fabricated using a feasible and eco-friendly dip-coating method. The process involved dissolving bamboo cellulose in a green alkaline/urea aqueous solvent system, followed by regeneration in ethanol solvent, without the addition of surface modifiers. The resulting membrane exhibited excellent special wettability, with superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity, enabling oil–water separation through a gravity-driven “water-removing” mode. The super-wetting composite membrane demonstrated a high separation efficiency of higher than 98% and a permeate flux of up to 9168 L·m−2·h−1 for numerous oil/water mixtures. It also maintained a separation efficiency of >95% even after 10 cycles of separation, indicating its long-term stability. This study presents a green, simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly approach for fabricating superhydrophilic surfaces to achieve oil–water separation. It also highlights the potential of bamboo-based materials in the field of oil–water separation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Composite Materials for Water Contaminant Removal)
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9 pages, 1737 KB  
Communication
Superwetting Stainless Steel Mesh Used for Both Immiscible Oil/Water and Surfactant-Stabilized Emulsion Separation
by Yu-Ping Zhang, Ya-Ning Wang, Li Wan, Xin-Xin Chen and Chang-Hua Zhao
Membranes 2023, 13(10), 808; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13100808 - 24 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2163
Abstract
The design and fabrication of advanced membrane materials for versatile oil/water separation are major challenges. In this work, a superwetting stainless steel mesh (SSM) modified with in situ-grown TiO2 was successfully prepared via one-pot hydrothermal synthesis at 180 °C for 24 h. [...] Read more.
The design and fabrication of advanced membrane materials for versatile oil/water separation are major challenges. In this work, a superwetting stainless steel mesh (SSM) modified with in situ-grown TiO2 was successfully prepared via one-pot hydrothermal synthesis at 180 °C for 24 h. The modified SSM was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The resultant SSM membrane was superhydrophilic/superoleophilic in air, superoleophobic underwater, with an oil contact angle (OCA) underwater of over 150°, and superhydrophobic under oil, with a water contact angle (WCA) as high as 158°. Facile separation of immiscible light oil/water and heavy oil/water was carried out using the prewetting method with water and oil, respectively. For both “oil-blocking” and “water-blocking” membranes, the separation efficiency was greater than 98%. Also, these SSMs wrapped in TiO2 nanoparticles broke emulsions well, separating oil-in-water and oil-in-water emulsions with an efficiency greater than 99.0%. The as-prepared superwetting materials provided a satisfactory solution for the complicated or versatile oil/water separation. Full article
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7 pages, 10818 KB  
Communication
Zero-Material Cost Production of Soil-Coated Fabrics with Underwater Superoleophobicity for Antifouling Oil/Water Separation
by Maohui Li, Fangfang Li, Cheng Zhen, Panpan Fu, Shaolin Yang and Youjun Lu
Membranes 2023, 13(3), 276; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13030276 - 26 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1848
Abstract
Soil-coated fabrics were fabricated by scrape-coating of soil slurry onto cotton fabrics. The raw materials, soil, and cotton fabrics were, respectively, obtained from farmland and waste bed sheets, making the method a zero-material cost way to produce superwetting membrane. The superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic soil-coated [...] Read more.
Soil-coated fabrics were fabricated by scrape-coating of soil slurry onto cotton fabrics. The raw materials, soil, and cotton fabrics were, respectively, obtained from farmland and waste bed sheets, making the method a zero-material cost way to produce superwetting membrane. The superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic soil-coated fabrics exhibit high efficiency (>99%), ultra-high flux (~45,000 L m−2 h−1), and excellent antifouling behavior for separating water from various oils driven by gravity. The simple fabrication and superior performance suggest that the soil-coated fabric could be a promising candidate as a filtration membrane for practical applications in industrial oily wastewater and oil spill treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Membrane Technology)
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12 pages, 3968 KB  
Article
Facile Fabrication of Superwetting PVDF Membrane for Highly Efficient Oil/Water Separation
by Jinzhu Yang, Wei Sun, Junping Ju, Yeqiang Tan and Hua Yuan
Polymers 2023, 15(2), 327; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15020327 - 9 Jan 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3007
Abstract
A novel superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic modified PVDF membrane for oil/water separation was fabricated through a modified blending approach. Pluronic F127 and amphiphilic copolymer P (MMA-AA) were directly blended with PVDF as a hydrophilic polymeric additive to prepare membranes via phase inversion induced [...] Read more.
A novel superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic modified PVDF membrane for oil/water separation was fabricated through a modified blending approach. Pluronic F127 and amphiphilic copolymer P (MMA-AA) were directly blended with PVDF as a hydrophilic polymeric additive to prepare membranes via phase inversion induced by immersion precipitation. Then, the as-prepared microfiltration membranes were annealed at 160 °C for a short time and quenched to room temperature. The resultant membranes exhibited contact angles of hexane larger than 150° no matter whether in an acidic or basic environment. For 1, 2-dichloroethane droplets, the membrane surface showed a change from superoleophilic to superoleophobic under water with aqueous solutions with pH values from 2 to 13. This as-prepared membrane has good mechanical strength and can then be applied for oil and water mixture separation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Polymer Membranes and Films)
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