Inhibitory Effect and Possible Mechanism of Action of Patchouli Alcohol against Influenza A (H2N2) Virus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Effect of patchouli alcohol against influenza A (H2N2) virus by MTT assay in vitro
Compound | CC50a (µM) | Influenza A (A/Udorn/307/72) | |
---|---|---|---|
IC50b (µM) | SI c | ||
Patchouli alcohol | >20.0 | 4.03 ± 0.23 * | >4.96 |
Oseltamivir | >20.0 | 0.031 ± 0.012 | >645.16 |
2.2. Mode of anti-influenza A (H2N2) activity
2.3. Anti-influenza A (H2N2) efficacy in mouse influenza model
Group | Dose, mg/kg/day (q.d.) | Survivors/total | Mean day to death |
---|---|---|---|
Patchouli alcohol | 5 | 7/10 * | 11.8 ± 1.1 * |
1 | 2/10 * | 7.5 ± 1.8 * | |
Oseltamivir | 1 | 5/10* | 9.1 ± 0.3 * |
Control | - | 10/10 | - |
H2N2 infected control | - | 0/10 | 5.2 ± 1.6 |
2.4. In silico inhibition mechanism of patchouli alcohol
Residue | E vdW | E ele | E sum |
---|---|---|---|
Arg118 | −2.03 | 0.63 | −1.40 |
Glu119 | −2.18 | −6.28 | −8.46 |
Asp151 | −2.08 | −0.53 | −2.61 |
Arg152 | −3.01 | 0.46 | −2.55 |
Trp178 | −1.83 | 0.01 | −1.82 |
Ala246 | −1.47 | 0.12 | −1.35 |
Glu276 | −2.04 | −0.28 | −2.32 |
Arg292 | −3.51 | 1.10 | −2.41 |
Asn294 | −0.92 | 0.16 | −0.76 |
Gln347 | −1.91 | 0.07 | −1.84 |
Tyr406 | −3.07 | −4.30 | −7.37 |
3. Experimental
3.1. Materials
3.2. Cell cultures
3.3. Viruses
3.4. Cytotoxicity assay
3.5. Anti-influenza A (H2N2) activity in vitro
3.6. Mode of anti-influenza A (H2N2) activity
3.7. Anti-influenza A (H2N2) efficacy in mouse influenza model
3.8. Computational methods
3.9. Statistical analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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Wu, H.; Li, B.; Wang, X.; Jin, M.; Wang, G. Inhibitory Effect and Possible Mechanism of Action of Patchouli Alcohol against Influenza A (H2N2) Virus. Molecules 2011, 16, 6489-6501. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16086489
Wu H, Li B, Wang X, Jin M, Wang G. Inhibitory Effect and Possible Mechanism of Action of Patchouli Alcohol against Influenza A (H2N2) Virus. Molecules. 2011; 16(8):6489-6501. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16086489
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Huaxing, Beili Li, Xue Wang, Mingyuan Jin, and Guonian Wang. 2011. "Inhibitory Effect and Possible Mechanism of Action of Patchouli Alcohol against Influenza A (H2N2) Virus" Molecules 16, no. 8: 6489-6501. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16086489