Electron Beam-Induced Immobilization of Laccase on Porous Supports for Waste Water Treatment Applications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Membranes and Cryogels as Carrier Materials – Morphological and Physico-Chemical Properties
Elemental ratio (relative atom %) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Label | F | O | N | C |
Mem_Ref | 51.0 | 0.8 | - | 48.2 |
Mem_Lac_EB | 36.7 | 7.1 | 3.1 | 53.1 |
Mem_Lac_ads | 42.9 | 3.9 | 2.2 | 50.1 |
Mem_Syr_EB | 48.1 | 1.9 | 0.1 | 49.9 |
Mem_Syr_ads | 48.7 | 1.9 | - | 49.5 |
Mem_ABTS_EB | 50.1 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 48.7 |
Mem_ABTS_ads | 49.0 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 49.9 |
2.2. Activity and Stability of Membrane- and Cryogel-Based Bioreactors
Fraction | Activity *(U [% recovery of activity] **) | |
---|---|---|
Mem_Lac_EB | Mem_Lac_ads | |
Primary solution | 8.85 ± 0.11 (100) | 8.85 ± 0.11 (100) |
Washing solution *** | 4.88 ± 0.43 (55) | 5.47 ± 0.47 (62) |
Immobilized laccase | 0.92 ± 0.02 (10) | 0.59 ± 0.01 (7) |
Fraction | Activity *(U [% recovery of activity] **) | ||
---|---|---|---|
MPC_Lac_EB | MPC_Lac_ads | ||
Primary solution *** | 3.58 ± 0.07 (100) | 2.30 ± 0.15 (100) | |
Washing solution **** | 0.39 ± 0.05 (11) | 1.25 ± 0.12 (54) | |
Immobilized laccase | 0.12 ± 0.02 (3) | 0.24 ± 0.09 (11) |
- (i)
- (ii)
- that more stable bioreactors with respect to enzymatic activity and leakage from the carrier were obtained with membranes than with cryogels.
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Chemicals and Materials
3.2. Preparation of Membrane Bioreactors
Label | Immobilized Compound | Concentration [wt %] | Dose [kGy] |
---|---|---|---|
Mem_Ref | - | - | - |
Mem_Lac_EB | laccase | 0.5 | 150 |
Mem_Lac_ads | laccase | 0.5 | - |
Mem_Syr_EB | syringaldehyde | 2.0 | 100 |
Mem_Syr_ads | syringaldehyde | 2.0 | - |
Mem_ABTS_EB | ABTS | 1.0 | 200 |
Mem_ABTS_ads | ABTS | 1.0 | - |
3.3. Preparation of Cryogel Bioreactors
Laccase/Syringaldehyde/ABTS (wt %) | Standard Formulation (wt %) | |
---|---|---|
MPC_St | - | 100 |
MPC_Lac | 0.25 | 99.75 |
MPC_Syr | 0.50 | 99.50 |
MPC_ABTS | 2.00 | 98.00 |
3.4. Polymer Characterization
3.5. Laccase Activity Assays
3.6. Degradation of BPA by Immobilized Laccase
3.7. BPA Removal in the Presence of Immobilized Redox Mediators
3.8. Stability Testing of the Immobilized Laccase
3.9. Analysis of BPA by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC)
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References and Notes
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Jahangiri, E.; Reichelt, S.; Thomas, I.; Hausmann, K.; Schlosser, D.; Schulze, A. Electron Beam-Induced Immobilization of Laccase on Porous Supports for Waste Water Treatment Applications. Molecules 2014, 19, 11860-11882. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190811860
Jahangiri E, Reichelt S, Thomas I, Hausmann K, Schlosser D, Schulze A. Electron Beam-Induced Immobilization of Laccase on Porous Supports for Waste Water Treatment Applications. Molecules. 2014; 19(8):11860-11882. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190811860
Chicago/Turabian StyleJahangiri, Elham, Senta Reichelt, Isabell Thomas, Kristin Hausmann, Dietmar Schlosser, and Agnes Schulze. 2014. "Electron Beam-Induced Immobilization of Laccase on Porous Supports for Waste Water Treatment Applications" Molecules 19, no. 8: 11860-11882. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190811860