Zinc as a Signal to Stimulate Red Blood Cell Formation in Fish
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Suspension Culture of the Head Kidney Cells from Four Fish Species with or without ZnCl2
2.2. Effects of ZnCl2 Levels on the Growth of Fraction 1 Cells
2.3. Characteristics of the Cultured Head Kidney Cells of the Crucian Carp
2.4. Characteristics of the Cultured Head Kidney Cells of Grass Carp, Silver Carp and Tilapia
2.5. Isolation of the Active Substance in Fish Serum That Stimulates the Proliferation of Fraction 1 Cells in the Head Kidney Cells of the Four Fish Species
2.6. Effects of the Injection of ZnSO4 on Erythropoiesis in a Blood Loss Tilapia Model
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Fish
4.2. Preparation of Head Kidney Cell Suspensions and Fish Serum
4.3. Suspension Culture of Head Kidney Cells with or without ZnCl2 Supplementation
4.4. Separation of Harvested Head Kidney Cells into Two Fractions by Discontinuous Percoll Density Centrifugation
4.5. Effects of ZnCl2 on the Growth of Fraction 1 Cells from the Head Kidneys of Different Fish Species
4.6. Microscopic Observation of Head Kidney Cells or Tilapia Blood by Giemsa Staining
4.7. Immunofluorescence Staining of the Transferrin Receptor in Fish Head Kidney Cells
4.8. Isolation of the Active Substance in Fish Serum That Stimulates the Proliferation of Fraction 1 Cells in Fish Head Kidneys
4.9. Experimental Blood Loss in Tilapia and Injection of ZnSO4 Solution
4.10. Blood Analysis
4.11. Data Analysis
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
EPO | Erythropoietin |
IMAC | Immobilized metal affinity chromatography |
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Chen, Y.-H.; Shiu, J.-R.; Ho, C.-L.; Jeng, S.-S. Zinc as a Signal to Stimulate Red Blood Cell Formation in Fish. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18010138
Chen Y-H, Shiu J-R, Ho C-L, Jeng S-S. Zinc as a Signal to Stimulate Red Blood Cell Formation in Fish. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(1):138. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18010138
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Yen-Hua, Jhe-Ruei Shiu, Chia-Ling Ho, and Sen-Shyong Jeng. 2017. "Zinc as a Signal to Stimulate Red Blood Cell Formation in Fish" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 1: 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18010138
APA StyleChen, Y. -H., Shiu, J. -R., Ho, C. -L., & Jeng, S. -S. (2017). Zinc as a Signal to Stimulate Red Blood Cell Formation in Fish. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(1), 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18010138