Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Irisin, Mediator of Physical Activity, Are Connected with TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway Activation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Irisin Protects Macrophages against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Injury
2.2. Irisin Has an Impact on TLR4 Expression
2.3. Irisin Regulates the Downstream Pathway of TLR4/MyD88
2.4. Irisin Pretreatment Reduces the Level of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemicals and Materials
4.2. Cell Culture and Experimental Design
4.3. Colorimetric Examination of Overall Cell Viability
4.4. Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay
4.5. Flow Cytometric Analysis
4.6. Elisa Examination of Cytokine/Chemokine Release
4.7. Statistical Analysis
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ATMs | Adipose tissue macrophages |
FNDC5 | Fibronectin type III domain containing 5 protein |
HMGB1 | High mobility group box 1 |
IL-1β | Interleukin 1β |
IL-6 | Interleukin 6 |
KC | Keratinocyte chemoattractant |
LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
MAPKs | Mitogen-activated protein kinases |
MCP-1 | Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 |
MyD88 | Myeloid differentiation primary response protein |
NF-κB | Nuclear factor-κB |
p-ERK | Phospho extracellular signal–regulated kinase |
p-JNK | Phospho c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
TLR4 | Toll-like receptor 4 |
TNFα | Tumor necrosis factor α |
WAT | White adipose tissue |
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Mazur-Bialy, A.I.; Pocheć, E.; Zarawski, M. Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Irisin, Mediator of Physical Activity, Are Connected with TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway Activation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18040701
Mazur-Bialy AI, Pocheć E, Zarawski M. Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Irisin, Mediator of Physical Activity, Are Connected with TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway Activation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(4):701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18040701
Chicago/Turabian StyleMazur-Bialy, Agnieszka Irena, Ewa Pocheć, and Marcin Zarawski. 2017. "Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Irisin, Mediator of Physical Activity, Are Connected with TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway Activation" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 4: 701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18040701