Consideration of Power Transmission Characteristics in a Micro-Gear Train
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Fabrication of Micro-Gears Using a 3D Optical Fabrication System
2.2. Measuring Power Transmission Efficiency Using the Moment Balance Method
2.2.1. Moment Balance Method
2.2.2. Detecting the Power Transmission Characteristics of Macro-Gears Using the Moment Balance Method
2.2.3. Micro-Domain Measurement of Power Transmission Characteristics Using the Moment Balance Method
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Investigation of the Power Transmission Characteristics of Two Micro-Spur Gears
3.2. Investigation of the Power Transmission Characteristics of a Gear Train with Four Micro-Spur Gears under Load
3.2.1. Gear Train with Four Micro-Spur Gears Used in the Experiment
3.2.2. Power Transmission Efficiency of a Gear Train with Four Gears Considering the Load
3.2.3. Comparison of the Power Transmission Characteristics of Four Micro-Spur Gears with Those of a Gear Train in the Macro-Domain
- (1)
- First, it is necessary to consider the design of the gear train, taking into account the fact that the transmission loss in the micro-range is greater than that in the macro-range.
- (2)
- When performing activities using power in the micro-range, the mechanism should be designed so that the power source is installed as close as possible to the actual object to be driven, while the installation location of the power source should be considered so that transmission losses do not occur. If a gear train is used, the power transmission mechanism should be designed to use a simple gear train in which power is transmitted through a shaft.
- (3)
- In the micro-range, a gear train, such as a planetary gear train in which multiple gears mesh with a single gear, which may cause mutual loading, is not considered an effective design for reducing transmission losses.
- (4)
- If a power transmission mechanism using a gear train is to be used in the micro-range, it is necessary to consider a solid lubrication mechanism to replace oil lubrication in the macro-range [17].
- (5)
- If a power transmission mechanism using a gear train is to be used in the micro-range, the involute gears that are currently primarily used in the macro-range have convex tooth surfaces that come into contact with each other, resulting in a situation where a large frictional force acts on the gears. Therefore, it is believed that a detailed study of a gear train suitable for use in the micro-range is required, such as a module suitable for the micro-range, pressure angle, solid lubrication (as mentioned above), and increased tooth surface strength.
4. Conclusions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Deflection of Wire [μm] | Force [μN] | Torque [pNm] | Efficiency | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gear-1 | 11.43 | 3.06 | 0.129 | - |
Gear-2 | 8.78 | 2.87 | 0.121 | 0.937 |
Micro-Gear Train | Macro-Gear Train | |
---|---|---|
Efficiency [%] | 94.1 | 94.3 |
Square sum | 82.6 | 68.2 |
Unbiased dispersion | 9.2 | 3.4 |
Number of measurements | 10 | 20 |
p-value (Anderson-Darling test) | p = 0.573 > 0.05 | p = 0.429 > 0.05 |
F0 = Vmicro/Vmacro | F0 = 2.71 < F(9, 19; 0.025) = 2.89 | |
t0 | t0 = 0.00223 < t(28, 0.025) = 2.048 |
Deflection of Wire [μm] | Force [μN] | Torque [pNm] | Efficiency [%] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) Input | Gear-A | 13.60 | 9.58 | 432.0 | - |
(2) Output | Gear-C | 8.50 | 3.72 | 161.0 | 37.2 |
Gear-D | 11.20 | 3.56 | 153.0 | 35.5 | |
(3) | Gear-C + Gear-D | - | - | 314.0 | 72.7 (314.0/432.0) |
Micro-Gear Train | Macro-Gear Train | |
---|---|---|
Efficiency [%] | 69.6 | 75.5 |
Square sum | 61.5 | 148.7 |
Unbiased dispersion | 6.83 | 7.82 |
Number of measurements | 10 | 20 |
p-value (Anderson-Darling test) | p = 0.548 > 0.05 | p = 0.214 > 0.05 |
F0 = Vmicro/Vmacro | F0 =1.146 < F(19, 9; 0.025) = 2.88 | |
t0 | t0 = 5.56 > t(28, 0.025) = 2.048 |
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Arai, Y. Consideration of Power Transmission Characteristics in a Micro-Gear Train. Micromachines 2024, 15, 284. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15020284
Arai Y. Consideration of Power Transmission Characteristics in a Micro-Gear Train. Micromachines. 2024; 15(2):284. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15020284
Chicago/Turabian StyleArai, Yasuhiko. 2024. "Consideration of Power Transmission Characteristics in a Micro-Gear Train" Micromachines 15, no. 2: 284. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15020284