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J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol., Volume 2, Issue 1 (March 2017) – 9 articles

Cover Story (view full-size image): The population of cancer survivors is increasing and it is important that we do everything we can to increase the physical and mental wellbeing of oncology patients with evidence-based rehabilitation programs. Exercise and nutrition are considered significant components of cancer care, both during and after treatment, and it is vital that medical professionals and healthcare providers understand the disease, assessment tools, and exercise and dietary guidelines. In this issue, we provide guidelines and assessment procedures specific to the Italian healthcare model for cancer patients, and provide details about exercise prescription and nutritional advice. View this paper
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804 KiB  
Article
Paraspinal Muscle Activity during Unstable Superman and Bodyweight Squat Exercises
by Fernando Carvalheiro Reiser, Bruno Gonçalves Durante, William Cordeiro de Souza, Luis Paulo Gomes Mascarenhas and Giordano Márcio Gatinho Bonuzzi
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2017, 2(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk2010009 - 27 Feb 2017
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 8341
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the recruitment of the paraspinal muscles longissimus and iliocostalis during dynamic contractions of superman exercises on stable and unstable surfaces, and during unloaded bodyweight squats. Surface electromyography (EMG) was measured from these two muscles bilaterally [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the recruitment of the paraspinal muscles longissimus and iliocostalis during dynamic contractions of superman exercises on stable and unstable surfaces, and during unloaded bodyweight squats. Surface electromyography (EMG) was measured from these two muscles bilaterally while participants performed the exercises. Participants (n = 17, age 24 ± 3.1 years, body mass 78.5 ± 8.2 kg, height 1.81 ± 7.4 m) performed two sets of 10 repetitions for each exercise in a random order. Correlation analysis demonstrated a strong positive relation between both sides of the participants (longissimus pairs: r = 0.945; and iliocostalis pairs: r = 0.855), demonstrating a symmetric muscle recruitment in all exercises. However, there were no significant differences between the exercises for both muscles in a multiple comparison analysis (longissimus pairs: p = 0.496; and iliocostalis pairs: p = 0.296). The bodyweight squat produces similar muscle activity of the longissimus and iliocostalis compared with superman exercises on stable and unstable surfaces. Considering the dynamic nature of the bodyweight squat, and its implications on functional daily living activities and sports conditions, it seems a more reasonable choice for targeting paraspinal muscles if compared to superman exercises or unstable superman exercises. Full article
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Editorial
Functional Anatomy in Knee Osteoarthritis: Patellofemoral Joint vs. Tibiofemoral Joint
by Giuseppe Musumeci
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2017, 2(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk2010008 - 22 Feb 2017
Cited by 48 | Viewed by 7662
Abstract
“Knee Joint Osteoarthritis” is the topic chosen for the first editorial of the second volume of this journal. The aim of this editorial is to discuss this interesting but little analyzed topic in the current literature, in order to explain and help readers [...] Read more.
“Knee Joint Osteoarthritis” is the topic chosen for the first editorial of the second volume of this journal. The aim of this editorial is to discuss this interesting but little analyzed topic in the current literature, in order to explain and help readers to better understand the functional anatomical aspects of knee joints affected by Osteoarthritis (OA). As the knee joint is tricompartmental, numerous radiographic patterns of disease are possible and the differences between the two main compartments of the knee (patellofemoral joint versus tibiofemoral joint) are explored in this editorial. Full article
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Editorial
The “Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology” Journal Club Series: Highlights on Recent Papers in Movement Analysis
by Lingyan Wang, Luís Silva, Michelino Di Rosa, Carlos Marques, João Barreiros and Jan Cabri
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2017, 2(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk2010007 - 08 Feb 2017
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3099
Abstract
We are pleased to introduce the fourth Journal Club. This edition is focused on several relevant studies published in the last years in the field of movement analysis, chosen by our Editorial Board members. We hope to stimulate your curiosity in this field [...] Read more.
We are pleased to introduce the fourth Journal Club. This edition is focused on several relevant studies published in the last years in the field of movement analysis, chosen by our Editorial Board members. We hope to stimulate your curiosity in this field and to share with you the passion for the sport seen also from the scientific point of view. Full article
2204 KiB  
Review
Ergonomics of Prehensility in Pushing and Pulling Motions: An Anatomical and Biomechanical Overview
by Marta Anna Szychlinska, Koen Dullaert, Annechien Beumer, Houda Nsir, Claudia Guglielmino, Venera Mazzone and Salvatore Giunta
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2017, 2(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk2010006 - 18 Jan 2017
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 5667
Abstract
The hand represents one of the most remarkable expressions of humanization of the anterior limb. The anterior limb, at first ambulatory, underwent continuous evolution acquiring innumerable new functions. In the course of human evolution the hand has undergone continual structural and functional adaptations, [...] Read more.
The hand represents one of the most remarkable expressions of humanization of the anterior limb. The anterior limb, at first ambulatory, underwent continuous evolution acquiring innumerable new functions. In the course of human evolution the hand has undergone continual structural and functional adaptations, characterized, among others, by enrichment of peripheral innervation and further development of the thumb. This development was accompanied by important changes in the brain and the relocation of the eyes, together allowing the muscle control and stereoscopic vision, necessary for a controlled grip. The anatomy of the hand is complex, intricate, and fascinating. Its integrity is absolutely essential for our everyday functional living. It is intimately correlated with the brain, both in the evolution of the species and in the development of the individual. Actually, we can state that we “think” and “feel” with our hands, hence, their contribution is essential to the mental processes of thought and feeling. The aim of this review is to evaluate the most typical hand quality, the prehensility and hence, the possibility of manoeuvring tools. Our attention is mainly focused on the hand anatomy and prehensility during pushing and pulling motions. In particular, our attention is directed toward the relationship existing between the hand prehensility and the volume of the object to be gripped. As an example, we use a grip of the paddle and, pushing and pulling motions during kayak paddling. Indeed, we are firmly convinced that the prehensility plays a crucial role not only in performing the stylistically correct paddling, but especially in realizing a more effective and powerful paddle stroke. This review highlights a great link existing between biomechanical and anatomical notions and sporting performance. Full article
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Communication
Influence of Trunk Extensor Muscles Fatigue on the Postural Control and Sensorimotor Integration
by José Alberto Dos Santos Rocha, Uanderson Silva Pirôpo, Rafael Da Silva Passos, David Lomanto Couto, Alice Miranda Dos Santos, Ana Maria Barbosa Argolo, Helder Brito Andrade, Cezar Augusto Casotti and Rafael Pereira
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2017, 2(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk2010005 - 13 Jan 2017
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3569
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of trunk extensor muscles fatigue, through a submaximum and time-limited isometric task, on the postural control and sensorimotor integration of young healthy adults. Previously and after a submaximum and time-limited isometric fatigue protocol of trunk extension [...] Read more.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of trunk extensor muscles fatigue, through a submaximum and time-limited isometric task, on the postural control and sensorimotor integration of young healthy adults. Previously and after a submaximum and time-limited isometric fatigue protocol of trunk extension muscles, 30 s stabilometric recordings were taken in both conditions: eyes opened and closed. The center of pressure (CoP) displacement in the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions, as well as the total displacement (TD) of CoP were analyzed from the recordings with both conditions (eyes opened and closed) and moments (PRE and POST fatigue protocol). Additionally, the Romberg Index was calculated for CoP displacement in the AP and ML directions, as well as for TD PRE and POST fatigue protocol. Significant differences between the studied parameters of pre- and post-fatigue protocol were not observed. The applied fatigue protocol was not able to modify the postural control, as well as the capacity of integrating sensorial information in the absence of vision, of young healthy subjects. These results indicate that proprioceptive information remains reliable after the used fatigue protocol, allowing subjects to keep a satisfactory straight posture. Full article
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Concept Paper
Clinical Implementation of Exercise Guidelines for Cancer Patients: Adaptation of ACSM’s Guidelines to the Italian Model
by Laura Stefani, Giorgio Galanti and Riggs Klika
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2017, 2(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk2010004 - 13 Jan 2017
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 15191
Abstract
The goal of cancer treatment is to arrest or eradicate the tumor while minimizing the often toxic effects of treatment. While oncologic diagnostics and treatments are improving and survival rates are increasing, it is critical to provide additional patient management that appears to [...] Read more.
The goal of cancer treatment is to arrest or eradicate the tumor while minimizing the often toxic effects of treatment. While oncologic diagnostics and treatments are improving and survival rates are increasing, it is critical to provide additional patient management that appears to affect long-term survival. Epidemiologic evidence suggests patients diagnosed with cancer tend to fair better after treatment when following a comprehensive rehabilitation program aimed at achieving an ideal body weight through dietary and exercise interventions while also increasing cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, mobility, neuromuscular integrity and psycho-social wellbeing. Additionally, it is now being tested whether exercise during cancer treatment and possibly prior to the start of treatment may increase post treatment outcomes by altering body weight, having direct effects on tumorigenesis, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and perhaps increasing chemotherapy delivery efficacy. The purpose of this review is to outline an evidence based model to evaluate cancer patients and provide guidelines for post-cancer treatment rehabilitation programs. Additionally, strategies aimed at changing lifestyle habits such as smoking and poor dietary habits will be addressed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tailored Exercise in Patients with Chronic Diseases)
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Editorial
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology in 2016
by Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology Editorial Office
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2017, 2(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk2010003 - 11 Jan 2017
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2350
Abstract
The editors of Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.[...] Full article
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Meeting Report
Italian Society of Sports and Exercise Medicine Annual Conference Held in Brescia, Italy, 18–19th November 2016
by Deodato Assanelli
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2017, 2(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk2010002 - 10 Jan 2017
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2875
Abstract
The annual conference and scientific meeting of the Italian Society of Sports and Exercise Medicine took place in Brescia, Italy from 18th to 19th November, 2016.[...] Full article
164 KiB  
Editorial
Progress for Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology in 2016
by Giuseppe Musumeci
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2017, 2(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk2010001 - 09 Jan 2017
Cited by 41 | Viewed by 2680
Abstract
Welcome back to the new Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (JFMK), providing an advanced forum for research studies on functional morphology and kinesiology and the regulatory functions of movement.[...] Full article
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