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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Tuberculosis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis—Infection Control and Antibiotic Resistance
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Tuberculosis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis—Infection Control and Antibiotic Resistance

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 826

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sandeep Upadhyay

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
Interests: molecular biology; cell culture; immunology of infectious disease
Dr. Chongguang Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, China
Interests: antibiotic resistance; infectious diseases; tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; genome; bacterial; molecular epidemiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a pathogenic bacterium from the Mycobacteriaceae family, and it is the external agent that causes tuberculosis. Tuberculosis generally affects the respiratory system, in most of cases, the lungs. The treatment of the disease requires the use of multiple antibiotics over a long period of time, which can lead to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, a major problem in public health.

Tuberculosis (TB) infection control represents a major subject of research in the scientific field, with TB being a serious condition that can be fatal if left untreated. Due to the use of antibiotics in the treatment of this infection and the long period of treatment required, the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the infected patients may be reported.This Special Issue welcomes any type of papers that discuss infection and treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The treatment of tuberculosis is extremely challenging and requires the use of multiple drugs in a strict regimen, in order to obtain a successful cure. Taking this into consideration, we invite the contributors to submit manuscripts that describe the infection control, antibiotic treatment, ways of detection, transmission, prevention, diagnosis, risk factors and pathogenesis of this bacteria, new drugs and compounds for tuberculosis treatment, etc.

Dr. Sandeep Upadhyay
Dr. Chongguang Yang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • tuberculosis
  • antibiotic resistance
  • infection control
  • diagnosis
  • treatment

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 888 KiB  
Article
Incidence, Outcomes, and Risk Factors for Isoniazid-Resistant Tuberculosis from 2012 to 2022 in Eastern China
by Yan Shao, Wenlei Song, Honghuan Song, Guoli Li, Limei Zhu, Qiao Liu and Cheng Chen
Antibiotics 2024, 13(4), 378; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13040378 - 22 Apr 2024
Viewed by 606
Abstract
Background: Isoniazid-resistant, rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis (Hr-TB) is the most frequent drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in the world, and unfavorable outcomes of Hr-TB are more common compared to drug-susceptible TB. Considering there is no optimal regimen accepted worldwide, we undertook a retrospective cohort study in eastern [...] Read more.
Background: Isoniazid-resistant, rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis (Hr-TB) is the most frequent drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in the world, and unfavorable outcomes of Hr-TB are more common compared to drug-susceptible TB. Considering there is no optimal regimen accepted worldwide, we undertook a retrospective cohort study in eastern China to estimate incidence trends and risk factors associated with unfavorable outcomes of Hr-TB. Methods: Between January 2012 and December 2022, all Hr-TB patients’ information was extracted from the Tuberculosis Information Management System (TIMS), which is a national electronic information platform, to record TB patients’ clinical information in this study. The incidence of Hr-TB was determined by the mid-year population according to census data published by the government. We categorized treatment regimens depending on fluoroquinolone (FQ) use, and potential risk factors were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Results: A total of 3116 Hr-TB patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in this study. The average annual rate of Hr-TB in the 11 years under investigation was 0.34 per 100,000 and increased to 0.53 per 100,000 until 2019. In total, six different treatment regimens were utilized in the study sites, and less than 1% of regimens adopted FQ. There was no difference in the unfavorable outcomes between the FQ-included and FQ-excluded groups (p = 0.22). The average treatment duration was 7.06 months, and the longest treatment was 26 months. Approximately 20% (637/3116) of Hr-TB patients had unfavorable outcomes, and 60.13% (383/637) of them proceeded to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Treatment duration and a positive smear at the end of the 5th month were significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The unfavorable treatment outcomes of Hr-TB are still high in eastern China, and the efficacy of FQ-containing regimens needs to be validated for Hr-TB treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tuberculosis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis—Infection Control and Antibiotic Resistance)
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