Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts and Antimicrobial Therapy

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotic Therapy in Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 1292

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
Interests: emerging multi drug resistant bacteria; Infection control; new antibiotics for MDR infections
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the field of infectious diseases has received more attention, and there has been a growing awareness of the challenges posed by infections in immunocompromised individuals. Whether stemming from underlying medical conditions, immunosuppressive therapies, or organ transplantation, the vulnerability of these hosts to a diverse range of pathogens has underscored the urgent need for a deeper understanding of the intricacies of infection management in such settings.

We are pleased to announce a forthcoming Special Issue on "Infections in Immunocompromised Host and Antimicrobial Therapy", to be published in Antibiotics. This Special Issue aims to gather cutting-edge research, innovative clinical approaches, and comprehensive reviews that address the multifaceted aspects of infections in immunocompromised individuals, along with the latest developments in antimicrobial therapies tailored to these unique patient populations.

We invite researchers, clinicians, and experts from various disciplines to contribute their original research, case studies, systematic reviews, and critical perspectives to this Special Issue. Potential topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Mechanisms of susceptibility (the immunological factors contributing to increased infection risk in immunocompromised individuals);
  2. Novel diagnostic approaches (advancements in diagnostic methods specifically designed for the early and accurate detection of infections in this vulnerable group);
  3. Antimicrobial strategies (the efficacy and safety of antimicrobial agents in immunocompromised hosts, including considerations for drug interactions and adverse effects);
  4. Preventive measures (the prophylactic approaches used to minimize infection risk in individuals undergoing immunosuppressive therapies or organ transplantation);
  5. Clinical management (a discussion of experiences and best practices in the clinical management of infections, highlighting challenges and successful interventions).

Dr. Antonio Riccardo Buonomo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • infections
  • immunocompromised host
  • antimicrobial therapy
  • antibiotics

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 284 KiB  
Article
The Etiology, Antibiotic Therapy and Outcomes of Bacteremic Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections in Onco-Hematological Patients
by Valeria Castelli, Enric Sastre-Escolà, Pedro Puerta-Alcalde, Leyre Huete-Álava, Júlia Laporte-Amargós, Alba Bergas, Mariana Chumbita, Mar Marín, Eva Domingo-Domenech, Ana María Badia-Tejero, Paula Pons-Oltra, Carolina García-Vidal, Jordi Carratalà and Carlota Gudiol
Antibiotics 2023, 12(12), 1722; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12121722 - 13 Dec 2023
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Abstract
Objectives: to assess the current epidemiology, antibiotic therapy and outcomes of onco- hematological patients with bacteremic skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs), and to identify the risk factors for Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) infection and for early and overall mortality. Methods: episodes of bacteremic SSTIs [...] Read more.
Objectives: to assess the current epidemiology, antibiotic therapy and outcomes of onco- hematological patients with bacteremic skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs), and to identify the risk factors for Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) infection and for early and overall mortality. Methods: episodes of bacteremic SSTIs occurring in cancer patients at two hospitals were prospectively recorded and retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of 164 episodes of bacteremic SSTIs, 53% occurred in patients with solid tumors and 47% with hematological malignancies. GNB represented 45.5% of all episodes, led by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (37.8%). Multidrug resistance rate was 16%. Inadequate empirical antibiotic therapy (IEAT) occurred in 17.7% of episodes, rising to 34.6% in those due to resistant bacteria. Independent risk factors for GNB infection were corticosteroid therapy and skin necrosis. Early and overall case-fatality rates were 12% and 21%, respectively. Risk factors for early mortality were older age, septic shock, and IEAT, and for overall mortality were older age, septic shock and resistant bacteria. Conclusions: GNB bacteremic SSTI was common, particularly if corticosteroid therapy or skin necrosis. IEAT was frequent in resistant bacteria infections. Mortality occurred mainly in older patients with septic shock, resistant bacteria and IEAT. These results might guide empirical antibiotic therapy in this high-risk population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts and Antimicrobial Therapy)
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