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Applied Sciences
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Control and Protection Issues of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic System
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Control and Protection Issues of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic System

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2018) | Viewed by 22014

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Aman Maung Than Oo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Smart Power Engineering Research (CSPER), School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
Interests: smart grid; renewable energy integration; power system stability and control; microgrids; net zero energy systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Tamás Kerekes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg-East, Denmark
Interests: converter topologies and control algorithms for grid connected renewable energy systems including storage
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Solar photovoltaic (PV) power is increasing rapidly, more than expectations and earlier forecasts. During 2017, 100 GW of PV was installed worldwide, giving a cumulative capacity of 401 GWp. This growth will continue in the next decade, which will create a great deal of control and protection challenges for grid operators. Handling intermittency, maximum power extraction during partial shading condition, minimizing loss by maximizing efficiency of inverter/converter, protecting power converters from over and under voltages as well as during grid faults, enhancing fault ride through capabilities, etc., are the prime challenges to be addressed. Transformerless grid interfacing is identified as another important issue to be solved by researchers. This Special Issue invites paper from academic, industry leaders, and researchers on the aforementioned areas.

Prof. Aman Maung Than Oo
Assoc. Prof. Tamás Kerekes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Partial Shading
  • MPPT Control
  • PV Inverter/Converter Topology
  • Control of Power Electronic Converter
  • Overvoltage/undervoltage protection
  • Fault ride through

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 13758 KiB  
Article
DC-Link Voltage Control of a Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic System for Fault Ride-Through Capability Enhancement
by S. Raja Mohamed, P. Aruna Jeyanthy, D. Devaraj, M. H. Shwehdi and Adel Aldalbahi
Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(5), 952; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9050952 - 06 Mar 2019
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 9086
Abstract
The high penetration level of solar photovoltaic (SPV) generation systems imposes a major challenge to the secure operation of power systems. SPV generation systems are connected to the power grid via power converters. During a fault on the grid side; overvoltage can occur [...] Read more.
The high penetration level of solar photovoltaic (SPV) generation systems imposes a major challenge to the secure operation of power systems. SPV generation systems are connected to the power grid via power converters. During a fault on the grid side; overvoltage can occur at the direct current link (DCL) due to the power imbalance between the SPV and the grid sides. Subsequently; the SPV inverter is disconnected; which reduces the grid reliability. DC-link voltage control is an important task during low voltage ride-through (LVRT) for SPV generation systems. By properly controlling the power converters; we can enhance the LVRT capability of a grid-connected SPV system according to the grid code (GC) requirements. This study proposes a novel DCL voltage control scheme for a DC–DC converter to enhance the LVRT capability of the two-stage grid-connected SPV system. The control scheme includes a “control without maximum power point tracking (MPPT)” controller; which is activated when the DCL voltage exceeds its nominal value; otherwise, the MPPT control is activated. Compared to the existing LVRT schemes the proposed method is economical as it is achieved by connecting the proposed controller to the existing MPPT controller without additional hardware or changes in the software. In this approach, although the SPV system will not operate at the maximum power point and the inverter will not face any over current challenge it can still provide reactive power support in response to a grid fault. A comprehensive simulation was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme for enhancing the LVRT capability and stability margin of an interconnected SPV generation system under symmetrical and asymmetrical grid faults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control and Protection Issues of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic System)
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17 pages, 6895 KiB  
Article
Hybrid Modulation Strategy to Eliminate Current Distortion for PV Grid-Tied H6 Inverter
by Tao Yang, Xiaoxiao Hao, Ruoxu He, Zhen Wei, Tao Huang and Yuzhi Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(12), 2578; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122578 - 11 Dec 2018
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3638
Abstract
This paper proposes a new hybrid modulation mode (HMM) to eliminate the zero-crossing distortion of grid current and enable reactive power provision for a H6 configuration PV (photovoltaic) grid-tied inverter. The common mode voltage, leakage current, and efficiency for the proposed approach are [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a new hybrid modulation mode (HMM) to eliminate the zero-crossing distortion of grid current and enable reactive power provision for a H6 configuration PV (photovoltaic) grid-tied inverter. The common mode voltage, leakage current, and efficiency for the proposed approach are also analyzed. In order to improve grid frequency tracking a novel frequency self-adaptive proportional-integral-resonant (FSAPIR) controller is implemented which reduces error for changes in grid frequency. The proposed approach provides the basis for accurately adjusting the active and reactive current without error to improve the grid support capability of the inverter. Theoretical analysis, simulation, and experiment verify the newly proposed modulation mode and controller. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control and Protection Issues of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic System)
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12 pages, 3512 KiB  
Article
Novel Common-Mode Current Suppression Method in Transformerless PV Grid-Connected System
by Dongliang Liu, Haoqi Zhu and Ruiguang Zhao
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(11), 2072; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8112072 - 26 Oct 2018
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2800
Abstract
The existence of high-frequency components in common-mode (CM) current would reduce the stability of a non-isolated PV grid-connected system. It has great impacts on the output power quality when the generated power from PV is low. The method of single CM inner loop [...] Read more.
The existence of high-frequency components in common-mode (CM) current would reduce the stability of a non-isolated PV grid-connected system. It has great impacts on the output power quality when the generated power from PV is low. The method of single CM inner loop in suppressing the high-frequency components has poor effect. Based on the CM equivalent circuit model and the cause analysis of the CM current, a novel dual CM inner loops method is proposed to restrain the high-frequency components in CM current. This method not only meets the grid connection demand of CM current, but also overcomes the high frequency resonant problem. Furthermore, the high-frequency components in CM current from the outer parasitic circuit are substantially reduced. Finally, the proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control and Protection Issues of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic System)
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15 pages, 3392 KiB  
Article
Adaptive Intelligent Sliding Mode Control of a Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Inverter
by Yunmei Fang, Yunkai Zhu and Juntao Fei
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(10), 1756; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8101756 - 28 Sep 2018
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2467
Abstract
Adaptive intelligent sliding mode control methods are developed for a single-phase photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected transformerless system with a boost chopper and a DC-AC inverter. A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method is implemented in the boost part in order to extract the maximum [...] Read more.
Adaptive intelligent sliding mode control methods are developed for a single-phase photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected transformerless system with a boost chopper and a DC-AC inverter. A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method is implemented in the boost part in order to extract the maximum power from the PV array. A global fast terminal sliding control (GFTSMC) strategy is developed for an H-bridge inverter to make the tracking error between a grid reference voltage and the output voltage of the inverter converge to zero in a finite time. A fuzzy-neural-network (FNN) is used to estimate the system uncertainties. Intelligent methods, such as an adaptive fuzzy integral sliding controller and a fuzzy approximator, are employed to control the DC-AC inverter and approach the upper bound of the system nonlinearities, achieving reliable grid-connection, small voltage tracking error, and strong robustness to environmental variations. Simulation with a grid-connected PV inverter model is implemented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control and Protection Issues of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic System)
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16 pages, 5788 KiB  
Article
Mechanism Analysis of PCC Harmonic Resonance Based on Nonlinear Self-Oscillation Concept in a High-Power Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Plant
by Yong Zhao, Zilong Yang, Yibo Wang and Ying Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(9), 1507; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8091507 - 01 Sep 2018
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2796
Abstract
With the high penetration of photovoltaic systems, the interaction between grid-tied inverters and line impedances results in harmonic resonance at point of common coupling (PCC) in high-power photovoltaic (PV) plants. Thus far, most publications have reported about this issue from a theoretical perspective, [...] Read more.
With the high penetration of photovoltaic systems, the interaction between grid-tied inverters and line impedances results in harmonic resonance at point of common coupling (PCC) in high-power photovoltaic (PV) plants. Thus far, most publications have reported about this issue from a theoretical perspective, and there is no field verification in a real PV plant. To fill this gap, field waveforms are captured in a high-power PV plant to figure out the mechanism of the harmonic resonance phenomenon. This paper, for the first time, presents a nonlinear self-oscillation concept to clarify the mechanism of the harmonic resonance in a high-power PV plant. The field harmonic measurement of a grid-tied PV plant is carried out. The analysis of harmonic spectra and current distributions in a photovoltaic plant shows that these harmonic characteristics are different from the signals generated by the resonances of PV inverter output filters. The correlation of frequency, phase sequence and amplitude show that the different harmonics at PCC are generated by the same source inside PV inverters. Based on the comparison of PCC harmonics with periodic steady-state outputs of nonlinear systems, the nonlinear self-oscillation concept is proposed to clarify the mechanism of the harmonic resonance in a high-power PV plant. The tests in field and signal analysis verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control and Protection Issues of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic System)
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