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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Acoustics and Vibrations".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2017) | Viewed by 54494

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Roberto Citarella

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Guest Editor

Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Interests: fracture mechanics; fatigue; bioengineering; vibroacoustics; boundary element method; finite element method; statistical energy analysis; dynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Luigi Federico

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Head of Environmental Impact of Air Transport System Dept., Italian Aerospace Research Center (CIRA), Via Maiorise, 81043 Capua, CE, Italy
Interests: vibroacoustics; aeroacoustics; aerospace systems; air traffic management (ATM)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The journal of Applied Sciences is a forum for the communication of ideas and methods presently in use at the forefront of technology in the field of applied engineering. The purpose of this Special Issue is to highlight the latest advances in vibroacoustics and aeroacoustics applied to aerospace and automotive industries. Topics to be covered in this special issue include, but are not limited to, vibration and/or sound radiation of aerospace and automotive vehicles, aerodynamically generated noise, jet noise, instrumentation and data analysis in sound and vibration, passive and active noise control and vibroacoustic properties of materials. The Special Issue provides an opportunity for scientists and engineers to publish their studies of current interest, both in the theoretical and experimental fields of research, and also articles introducing new approaches and methodologies in the vibroacoustics and aeroacoustics fields.

Prof. Roberto Citarella
Dr. Luigi Federico
Guest Editors

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Vibroacoustics
Aeroacoustics
Acoustics
Noise
Vibration
Aerospace
Automotive

Published Papers (11 papers)

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Editorial

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5 pages, 161 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems

by Roberto Citarella and Luigi Federico

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(3), 366; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8030366 - 03 Mar 2018

Cited by 21 | Viewed by 2736

Abstract

n/a Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

11 pages, 3539 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Nonlinear Aeroelastic System Identification Based on Neural Network

by Bo Zhang, Jinglong Han, Haiwei Yun and Xiaomao Chen

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(10), 1916; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8101916 - 15 Oct 2018

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2674

Abstract

This paper focuses on the nonlinear aeroelastic system identification method based on an artificial neural network (ANN) that uses time-delay and feedback elements. A typical two-dimensional wing section with control surface is modelled to illustrate the proposed identification algorithm. The response of the system, which applies a sine-chirp input signal on the control surface, is computed by time-marching-integration. A time-delay recurrent neural network (TDRNN) is employed and trained to predict the pitch angle of the system. The chirp and sine excitation signals are used to verify the identified system. Estimation results of the trained neural network are compared with numerical simulation values. Two types of structural nonlinearity are studied, cubic-spring and friction. The results indicate that the TDRNN can approach the nonlinear aeroelastic system exactly. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

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13 pages, 982 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Integrated Aero–Vibroacoustics: The Design Verification Process of Vega-C Launcher

by Davide Bianco, Francesco P. Adamo, Mattia Barbarino, Pasquale Vitiello, Daniele Bartoccini, Luigi Federico and Roberto Citarella

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(1), 88; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8010088 - 10 Jan 2018

Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3792

Abstract

The verification of a space launcher at the design level is a complex issue because of (i) the lack of a detailed modeling capability of the acoustic pressure produced by the rocket; and (ii) the difficulties in applying deterministic methods to the large-scale metallic structures. In this paper, an innovative integrated design verification process is described, based on the bridging between a new semiempirical jet noise model and a hybrid finite-element method/statistical energy analysis (FEM/SEA) approach for calculating the acceleration produced at the payload and equipment level within the structure, vibrating under the external acoustic forcing field. The result is a verification method allowing for accurate prediction of the vibroacoustics in the launcher interior, using limited computational resources and without resorting to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) data. Some examples concerning the Vega-C launcher design are shown. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

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6555 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Wavenumber-Frequency Analysis of Internal Aerodynamic Noise in Constriction-Expansion Pipe

by Kuk-Su Kim, Ga-ram Ku, Song-June Lee, Sung-Gun Park and Cheolung Cheong

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(11), 1137; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7111137 - 05 Nov 2017

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5074

Abstract

High-pressure gas is produced during the oil production process at offshore plants, and pressure relief devices, such as valves, are widely used to protect related systems from it. The high-pressure gas in the pipes connected to the flare head is burned at the flare stack, or, if it is nontoxic, is vented to the atmosphere. During this process, excessive noise is generated by the pressure relief valves that are used to quickly discharge the high-pressure gas to the atmosphere. This noise sometimes causes severe acoustic-induced vibration in the pipe wall. This study estimated the internal aerodynamic noise due to valve flow in a simple constriction-expansion pipe, by combining the large eddy simulation technique with a wavenumber-frequency analysis, which made it possible to decompose the fluctuating pressure into the incompressible hydrodynamic pressure and compressible acoustic pressure. First, the steady-state flow was numerically simulated, and the result was compared with a quasi-one-dimensional theoretical solution, which confirmed the validity of the current numerical method. Then, an unsteady simulation analysis was performed to predict the fluctuating pressure inside a pipe. Finally, the acoustic pressure modes in a pipe were extracted by applying the wavenumber-frequency transform to the total pressure field. The results showed that the acoustic pressure fluctuations in a pipe could be separated from the incompressible ones. This made it possible to obtain accurate information about the acoustic power, which could be used to assess the likelihood of a piping system failure due to acoustic-induced vibration, along with information about the acoustic power spectrum of each acoustic mode, which could be used to facilitate the systematic mitigation of the potential acoustic-induced vibration in piping systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

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15201 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sound Radiation of Aerodynamically Excited Flat Plates into Cavities

by Johannes Osterziel, Florian J. Zenger and Stefan Becker

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(10), 1062; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7101062 - 14 Oct 2017

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5754

Abstract

Flow-induced vibrations and the sound radiation of flexible plate structures of different thickness mounted in a rigid plate are experimentally investigated. Therefore, flow properties and turbulent boundary layer parameters are determined through measurements with a hot-wire anemometer in an aeroacoustic wind tunnel. Furthermore, the excitation of the vibrating plate is examined by laser scanning vibrometry. To describe the sound radiation and the sound transmission of the flexible aluminium plates into cavities, a cuboid-shaped room with adjustable volume and 34 flush-mounted microphones is installed at the non flow-excited side of the aluminium plates. Results showed that the sound field inside the cavity is on the one hand dependent on the flow parameters and the plate thickness and on the other hand on the cavity volume which indirectly influences the level and the distribution of the sound pressure behind the flexible plate through different excited modes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

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5658 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Simulation of Tail Boom Vibrations Using Main Rotor-Fuselage Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

by Andrey Batrakov, Alexander Kusyumov, Sergey Kusyumov, Sergey Mikhailov and George N. Barakos

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(9), 918; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7090918 - 07 Sep 2017

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5087

Abstract

In this work, fully-resolved rotor-fuselage interactional aerodynamics is used as the forcing term in a model based on the Euler-Bernoulli equation, aiming to simulate helicopter tail-boom vibration. The model is based on linear beam analysis and captures the effect of the blade-passing as well as the effect of the changing force direction on the boom. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results were obtained using a well-validated helicopter simulation tool. Results for the tail-boom vibration are not validated due to lack of experimental data, but were obtained using an established analytical approach and serve to demonstrate the strong effect of aerodynamics on tail-boom aeroelastic behavior. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

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13599 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Experimental Tests and Aeroacoustic Simulations of the Control of Cavity Tone by Plasma Actuators

by Hiroshi Yokoyama, Isamu Tanimoto and Akiyoshi Iida

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(8), 790; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7080790 - 04 Aug 2017

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 5690

Abstract

A plasma actuator comprising a dielectric layer sandwiched between upper and lower electrodes can induce a flow from the upper to lower electrode by means of an externally-applied electric field. Our objective is to clarify the mechanism by which such actuators can control the cavity tone. Plasma actuators, with the electrodes elongated in the streamwise direction and aligned in the spanwise direction, were placed in the incoming boundary of a deep cavity with a depth-to-length ratio of 2.5. By using this experimental arrangement, the amount of sound reduction (“control effect”) produced by actuators of differing dimensions was measured. Direct aeroacoustic simulations were performed for controlling the cavity tone by using these actuators, where the distributions of the body forces applied by the actuators were determined from measurements of the plasma luminescence. The predicted control effects on the flow and sound fields were found to agree well with the experimental results. The simulations show that longitudinal streamwise vortices are introduced in the incoming boundary by the actuators, and the vortices form rib structures in the cavity flow. These vortices distort and weaken the two-dimensional vortices responsible for producing the cavity tone, causing the tonal sound to be reduced. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

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5705 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Combined CFD-Stochastic Analysis of an Active Fluidic Injection System for Jet Noise Reduction

by Mattia Barbarino, Mario Ilsami, Raffaele Tuccillo and Luigi Federico

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(6), 623; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7060623 - 16 Jun 2017

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 5682

Abstract

In the framework of DANTE project (Development of Aero-Vibroacoustics Numerical and Technical Expertise), funded under the Italian Aerospace Research Program (PRORA), the prediction and reduction of noise from subsonic jets through the reconstruction of turbulent fields from Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) calculations are addressed. This approach, known as Stochastic Noise Generation and Radiation (SNGR), reconstructs the turbulent velocity fluctuations by RANS fields and calculates the source terms of Vortex Sound acoustic analogy. In the first part of this work, numerical and experimental jet-noise test cases have been reproduced by means RANS simulations and with different turbulence models in order to validate the approach for its subsequent use as a design tool. The noise spectra, predicted with SNGR, are in good agreement with both the experimental data and the results of Large-Eddy Simulations (LES). In the last part of this work, an active fluid injection technique, based on extractions from turbine and injections of high-pressure gas into the main stream of exhausts, has been proposed and finally assessed with the aim of reducing the jet-noise through the mixing and breaking of the turbulent eddies. Some tests have been carried out in order to set the best design parameters in terms of mass flow rate and injection velocity and to design the system functionalities. The SNGR method is, therefore, suitable to be used for the early design phase of jet-noise reduction technologies and a right combination of the fluid injection design parameters allows for a reduction of the jet-noise to 3.5 dB, as compared to the baseline case without injections. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

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Graphical abstract

7373 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Vibro-Acoustic Numerical Analysis for the Chain Cover of a Car Engine

by Enrico Armentani, Raffaele Sepe, Antonio Parente and Mauro Pirelli

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(6), 610; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7060610 - 12 Jun 2017

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 6035

Abstract

In this work, a vibro-acoustic numerical and experimental analysis was carried out for the chain cover of a low powered four-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine, belonging to the FPT (FCA Power Train) family called SDE (Small Diesel Engine). By applying a methodology used in the acoustic optimization of new FPT engine components, firstly a finite element model (FEM) of the engine was defined, then a vibration analysis was performed for the whole engine (modal analysis), and finally a forced response analysis was developed for the only chain cover (separated from the overall engine). The boundary conditions applied to the chain cover were the accelerations experimentally measured by accelerometers located at the points of connection among chain cover, head cover, and crankcase. Subsequently, a boundary element (BE) model of the only chain cover was realized to determine the chain cover noise emission, starting from the previously calculated structural vibrations. The numerical vibro-acoustic outcomes were compared with those experimentally observed, obtaining a good correlation. All the information thus obtained allowed the identification of those critical areas, in terms of noise generation, in which to undertake necessary improvements. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

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1150 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Computational Vibroacoustics in Low- and Medium- Frequency Bands: Damping, ROM, and UQ Modeling

by Roger Ohayon and Christian Soize

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(6), 586; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7060586 - 07 Jun 2017

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4046

Abstract

Within the framework of the state-of-the-art, this paper presents a summary of some common research works carried out by the authors concerning computational methods for the prediction of the responses in the frequency domain of general linear dissipative vibroacoustics (structural-acoustic) systems for liquid and gas in the low-frequency (LF) and medium-frequency (MF) domains, including uncertainty quantification (UQ) that plays an important role in the MF domain. The system under consideration consists of a deformable dissipative structure, coupled with an internal dissipative acoustic fluid including a wall acoustic impedance, and surrounded by an infinite acoustic fluid. The system is submitted to given internal and external acoustic sources and to prescribed mechanical forces. An efficient reduced-order computational model (ROM) is constructed using a finite element discretization (FEM) for the structure and the internal acoustic fluid. The external acoustic fluid is treated using a symmetric boundary element method (BEM) in the frequency domain. All the required modeling aspects required for the analysis in the MF domain have been introduced, in particular the frequency-dependent damping phenomena and model uncertainties. An industrial application to a complex computational vibroacoustic model of an automobile is presented. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

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6165 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Surrogate Based Optimization of Aerodynamic Noise for Streamlined Shape of High Speed Trains

by Zhenxu Sun, Ye Zhang and Guowei Yang

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(2), 196; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7020196 - 17 Feb 2017

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 6832

Abstract

Aerodynamic noise increases with the sixth power of the running speed. As the speed increases, aerodynamic noise becomes predominant and begins to be the main noise source at a certain high speed. As a result, aerodynamic noise has to be focused on when designing new high-speed trains. In order to perform the aerodynamic noise optimization, the equivalent continuous sound pressure level (SPL) has been used in the present paper, which could take all of the far field observation probes into consideration. The Non-Linear Acoustics Solver (NLAS) approach has been utilized for acoustic calculation. With the use of Kriging surrogate model, a multi-objective optimization of the streamlined shape of high-speed trains has been performed, which takes the noise level in the far field and the drag of the whole train as the objectives. To efficiently construct the Kriging model, the cross validation approach has been adopted. Optimization results reveal that both the equivalent continuous sound pressure level and the drag of the whole train are reduced in a certain extent. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vibroacoustics and Aeroacustics of Aerospace and Automotive Systems)

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