Smart Nano-Biointerfaces for Theranostics

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanotechnology and Applied Nanosciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2020) | Viewed by 7139

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Head of Nano Hybrid BioInterfaces Lab (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
Interests: nanomaterials; biomaterials; drug delivery; stimuli-responsive materials; theranostics; surface tailoring; peptidomimetics; plasmonics; graphene oxide; hybrid biointerfaces; supported lipid bilayers; tissue repair; wound healing; cancer therapy; nanomedicine for neurodegenerative diseases
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Following the great interest gathered by the previous SI on “Nano-Biointerfaces for Biosensing”, we are launching another Special Issue collection of papers on the broadened topic of “Smart Nano-Biointerfaces for Theranostics”.

Theranostics is a novel concept which involves the incorporation of diagnosis (imaging) and therapy in a single nanoplatform, with an extraordinary potential for personalized medicine development. Indeed, the combination of various biomarkers, image contrast agents, therapeutic agents, and specific targeting ligands can provide optimized treatment for individuals and in the early detection of various diseases. Theranostics agents rely on multifaceted nanomaterials, which requires multidisciplinary and cross-disciplinary research efforts from chemistry, physics, material sciences, nanoscience and nanotechnology, biology, pharmacology, and medicine. An enhanced efficiency and spatiotemporal control for site-specific drug release, e.g., through the use of stimuli-responsive smart materials, the improved crossing of physiological barriers, and the promotion of response with minimum side effects are the different impacts experienced by the various in vitro and in vivo evaluations of theranostic platforms.

The topics to be focused on in this SI include the different synthetic approaches (e.g., by wet chemistry, plasma methods, and laser ablation) to get surface-tailored delivery systems (such as lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, hydrogels) incorporating both imaging and therapeutic components, their testing for effective delivery to the target site (e.g., the tumor tissue or the central nervous system), as well as future perspectives for clinical applications. Contributions are expected to offer breakthrough research reports and new insights into the fabrication and physicochemical/biophysical/biological characterization of multifunctional nanoplatforms to be used at the interface with systems of biological interest for theranostic-oriented applications in several pathologies, including, but not limited to, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Dr. Cristina Satriano
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Nanomaterials
  • Surface functionalization
  • Biomolecule immobilization
  • Nanotechnology
  • Drug delivery
  • Imaging
  • Biosensing
  • Nanomedicine

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 769 KiB  
Article
The Dependence of Spontaneous Charge Generation in Water on its Flow Rate in a Flow-Based Analytical System
by Yuri D. Ivanov, Andrey F. Kozlov, Rafael A. Galiullin, Anastasia A. Valueva and Tatyana O. Pleshakova
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(7), 2444; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10072444 - 03 Apr 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1578
Abstract
Highly sensitive biosensor systems are particularly sensitive to the charge state of an analyte. This charge state can have either a positive (for instance, in case of increasing the efficiency of fishing of low-abundant proteins) or negative effect (for instance, in case of [...] Read more.
Highly sensitive biosensor systems are particularly sensitive to the charge state of an analyte. This charge state can have either a positive (for instance, in case of increasing the efficiency of fishing of low-abundant proteins) or negative effect (for instance, in case of the appearance of charge jumps upon the injection of analyte solution into a measuring cell, what can cause undesirable parasitic signals). Previously, it was demonstrated that upon the pumping of analyte solution through polymeric communications of biosensors with a peristaltic pump at a low (~1 mL/min) flow rate, an accumulation of charge, transferred by the liquid drops from the feeding system into the measuring cell, is observed. At this point, the time dependence of charge accumulation has a linear-stepwise form. In the present study, the influence of the flow rate of water on the parameters of the time dependence of the accumulation of charge in such a system—including the influence on the stepwise charge accumulation—has been investigated. The measurements have been performed with a highly sensitive electrometer sensor at 38 °C, which corresponds to a pathological state of a human body. It has been found that a linear-stepwise time dependence of charge accumulation is observed in a wide range of water flow rates (V= 0.9 to 7.2 mL/min). At that point, upon increasing the flow rate with the transition from the drop-by-drop mode of water supply (0.9 mL/min) to the jet flow (7.2 mL/min), an increase in the absolute value of accumulated charge is observed, but the magnitude of the charge jumps does not change significantly. Thus, the amount of charge accumulated in the cell ambiguously depends on the water flow rate—i.e., this dependence can be non-linear. Accounting for the discovered phenomenon is important in the development of new, more accurate models describing physicochemical properties of aqueous solutions and hemodynamics. This effect should also be taken into account in the development of highly sensitive diagnostic systems intended for the detection of single biomarkers of pathologies in humans and crops, as well as in other living systems. In low-concentration systems, the occurrence of a charge can become a significant factor affecting the efficiency of detection of biomolecules and the reliability of the data obtained. The detection of biomolecules present in the solution at low concentrations is in high demand in medical diagnostics for the revelation of biomarkers at the early asymptomatic stage of various diseases, including aggressive forms of cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Nano-Biointerfaces for Theranostics)
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10 pages, 1994 KiB  
Article
Quantification of the PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles Protein Corona. Influence on Nanoparticle Size and Surface Chemistry
by Raul Nicoară, Maria Ilieș, Alina Uifălean, Cristina Adela Iuga and Felicia Loghin
Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(22), 4789; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9224789 - 09 Nov 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 5169
Abstract
The interactions of nanoparticles with living organisms are driven by an interface called the protein corona. This interface is formed when nanoparticles are introduced in biological milieu and proteins are adsorbed at nanoparticles’ surfaces. Understanding the factors that are responsible for the formation [...] Read more.
The interactions of nanoparticles with living organisms are driven by an interface called the protein corona. This interface is formed when nanoparticles are introduced in biological milieu and proteins are adsorbed at nanoparticles’ surfaces. Understanding the factors that are responsible for the formation and the composition of the protein corona could reveal mechanistic insights that are involved in the interaction of nanoparticles with biological structures. Multiple studies have qualitatively described the protein corona, but just a few have proposed quantification methods, especially for gold nanoparticles. Using bovine serum albumin conjugated with fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate as a model protein, we developed a fluorescent-based quantification method for gold nanoparticles’ protein coronas. The impact of nanoparticle size and surface chemistry was studied, and our research emphasizes that size and surface chemistry are determinant factors: Bigger nanoparticles and amino-modified surface chemistry are responsible for higher protein adsorption compared to smaller ones and carboxyl- or methoxy-modified surface chemistry. The proposed method can be used to complete the full picture of the interactions of nanoparticles with biological milieu and to describe the parameters which govern these interactions for the better development of nanomedicines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Nano-Biointerfaces for Theranostics)
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