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Atmosphere
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Improving Understanding of Arctic Oscillation and Its Impact on Weather...
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Improving Understanding of Arctic Oscillation and Its Impact on Weather and Climate

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Meteorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (26 June 2020) | Viewed by 10716

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Shengping He

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Geophysical Institute, Unversity of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway
Interests: Arctic sea ice; Arctic warming; teleconnection; El Niño–Southern Oscillation
Prof. Dr. Yongqi Gao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, 5006 Bergen, Norway
2. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
3. Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway
Interests: tracer simulation using OGCMs; variability of North Atlantic meridional overturning; climate teleconnection between high and mid-latitudes
Dr. Shangfeng Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Atmospheric Pyhsics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029 Beijing, China
Interests: Arctic oscillation; El Niño–Southern Oscillation; ocean–land–atmosphere interaction; climate variability over mid-high latitudes; Hadley circulation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Arctic is important in the climate system, host to key atmospheric and oceanic processes and feedbacks. It plays an essential role in the climate system due to its interaction with the mid-latitudes of Northern Hemisphere through the atmospheric teleconnection. Arctic oscillation (AO), which depicts a most dominant large-scale seesaw between the mid-latitudes and Arctic atmospheric mass, can exert substantial influences on the weather and climate over many parts of the world (e.g., Eurasia, North America, eastern Canada, North Africa, the Middle East, and even the tropics and the Southern Hemisphere). Previous studies have revealed that AO has a close relationship with the variability of Arctic sea ice, Polar vortex, East Asian monsoon, atmospheric blocking, jet stream, etc. Though great efforts have been devoted to investigating the mechanisms underlying the AO and its climate impacts since it was found in the late 1990s, it is clear that the rapid climate change in the Arctic (e.g., Arctic sea ice reduction and amplified Arctic warming) in recent decades and in the future calls for further studies in this field. For instance, recent winters have frequently seen extremely cold temperature events at mid-latitudes, which can be tracked back to the Arctic in the observations. This Special Issue will focus on research in the variability of AO and its impact on weather and climate in the past, present, and future.

This Special Issue aims to contribute to a more thorough understanding of AO and its impact on weather and climate. We invite contributions that involve large-scale atmospheric circulation variability and change at mid- and high latitudes, as well as the causes for the anomalous weather and climate with the compilation of research papers in AO. Submissions in, but not limited to, the following research areas are welcome for this Special Issue.

  • Observed case study in the evolution of AO;
  • Prediction and projection on the variability of the AO;
  • Relationship between the Arctic sea ice and AO in past, present, and future;
  • Impacts of AO on climate and weather extremes;
  • Interdecadal changes in the impact of AO on the climate and weather in the past and the underlying mechanisms;
  • Future projections of AO influence on weather and climate;

Interactions between the AO and the climate systems over the tropics and Southern Hemisphere.

Dr. Shengping He
Prof. Dr. Yongqi Gao
Dr. Shangfeng Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • the Arctic region
  • Arctic oscillation (AO)
  • climate and weather extremes

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 17966 KiB  
Article
Cold Waves in East China and Their Response to Two Types of Arctic Amplification
by Wei Tao, Yuman Ni and Chuhan Lu
Atmosphere 2020, 11(6), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11060612 - 9 Jun 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3120
Abstract
Cold waves occur frequently in East China, with their cold air source in the Arctic. Changes in the Arctic are often linked with Arctic amplification. The circulation anomaly associated with Arctic amplification is often represented by Arctic Oscillation (AO). In recent years, storms [...] Read more.
Cold waves occur frequently in East China, with their cold air source in the Arctic. Changes in the Arctic are often linked with Arctic amplification. The circulation anomaly associated with Arctic amplification is often represented by Arctic Oscillation (AO). In recent years, storms have frequently invaded the central Arctic region, resulting in dramatic changes in Arctic environment. In this paper, based on correlation studies, composite analysis, and case studies, the remote effects of the old and storm-induced Arctic amplification are compared, especially with regard to their impact on cold waves in East China. The results show that the AO can shed light on the interannual variation of cold events intermittently, although it cannot explain the increasing trend of cold waves in the southern part of East China. However, this long-term trend correlates well with storm activity. Cyclones are becoming more active in the western Arctic and anticyclones are intensifying in the eastern Arctic. In this scenario, the storm-induced warm advection could enhance the ridge over northeast Eurasia, the Siberian High expands southeastward, and cold air accumulates in northeast Asia, which cools the northern part of East China directly. The circulation around the Siberian High leads to a northeast wind in the southern part of East China, which plays a vital role in snowstorms. This study could improve our understanding of the global effects of Arctic changes and could enhance the prediction skill of cold waves. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Understanding of Arctic Oscillation and Its Impact on Weather and Climate)
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13 pages, 2483 KiB  
Article
Modulation of the Westerly and Easterly Quasi-Biennial Oscillation Phases on the Connection between the Madden–Julian Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation
by Lei Song and Renguang Wu
Atmosphere 2020, 11(2), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11020175 - 8 Feb 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3548
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed the relationship between the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and the Arctic Oscillation (AO). The MJO phase 2/3 is followed by the positive AO phase, and the MJO phase 6/7 is followed by the negative AO phase. This study reveals that [...] Read more.
Previous studies have revealed the relationship between the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and the Arctic Oscillation (AO). The MJO phase 2/3 is followed by the positive AO phase, and the MJO phase 6/7 is followed by the negative AO phase. This study reveals that the MJO phase 6/7–AO connection is modulated by the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) through both tropospheric and stratospheric pathways during boreal winter. The MJO 2/3 phase and AO relationship is favored in both QBO easterly (QBOE) and westerly (QBOW) years because of the MJO-triggered tropospheric Rossby wave train from the tropics toward the polar region. The AO following the MJO 6/7 phase shifts to negative in QBOW years, but the MJO–AO connection diminishes in QBOE years. In QBOW years, the Asian-Pacific jet is enhanced, leading to more evident poleward propagation of tropospheric Rossby wave train, which contributes to the tropospheric pathway of the AO–MJO 6/7 connection. Besides, the enhanced Asian-Pacific jet in QBOW years is favorable for vertical propagation of planetary waves into the stratosphere in MJO phase 6/7, leading to negative AO, which indicates the stratospheric pathway of the AO–MJO 6/7 connection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Understanding of Arctic Oscillation and Its Impact on Weather and Climate)
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11 pages, 5252 KiB  
Article
Multidecadal Changes in the Influence of the Arctic Oscillation on the East Asian Surface Air Temperature in Boreal Winter
by Hainan Gong, Lin Wang and Wen Chen
Atmosphere 2019, 10(12), 757; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10120757 - 29 Nov 2019
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 3621
Abstract
The time-varying influences of the wintertime Arctic Oscillation (AO) on the concurrent East Asian surface air temperature (EAT) are investigated based on JRA-55 reanalysis data. Results reveal that there are multidecadal variations in the influences of wintertime AO on the EAT during 1958–2018. [...] Read more.
The time-varying influences of the wintertime Arctic Oscillation (AO) on the concurrent East Asian surface air temperature (EAT) are investigated based on JRA-55 reanalysis data. Results reveal that there are multidecadal variations in the influences of wintertime AO on the EAT during 1958–2018. Before the mid-1980s, the impact of winter AO on the simultaneous EAT is weak and confined northward of 40° N over East Asia. After the mid-1980s, by contrast, the winter AO’s influence is stronger and can extend southward of 25° N over East Asia. The multidecadal variations of the winter AO–EAT relationship are mainly modulated by the magnitudes of the North Pacific center of the winter AO. During the periods with strong North Pacific center of the winter AO, in association with the positive phase of the winter AO, the low-level southeasterly anomalies on the west side of the anticyclone over North Pacific bring warm air from the ocean to East Asia and lead to a significant winter AO–EAT relationship. In contrast, the southerly anomalies are weak and even reversed to northerly over the coast of East Asia during the periods with weak North Pacific center of winter AO, which confines the influence of winter AO on northern East Asia and lead to an insignificant winter AO–EAT relationship. Our finding provides new insight into the understanding of the decadal changes of AO’s impacts on the regional climate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Understanding of Arctic Oscillation and Its Impact on Weather and Climate)
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