Perinatal Brain Injury—from Pathophysiology to Therapy

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cells of the Nervous System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 1065

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division Woman and Baby, Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital (Part of UMC Utrecht), Brain Center UMC Utrecht, P.O. Box 85090, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Interests: brain; child health; infection & immunity; regenerative medicine and stem cells

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Guest Editor
School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, STEM College, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
Interests: the basic development of microglia; innovative approaches in delayed chronic pharmacologic interventions; investigating the utility of a biocompatible hydrogel to regenerate neonatal stroke injury
Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology & Experimental Perinatal Neurosciences, University Hospital Essen, Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences, C-TNBS, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
Interests: perinatal neuroscience; oligodendrocytes; myelination deficits; neonatal hyperoxia; inflammation; hypoxia-Ischemia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A perinatal brain injury is a major risk factor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes and can trigger disturbed brain development with complex cellular and molecular alterations leading to long-term motor and cognitive deficits. The critical factors for adverse neurodevelopment include infection/inflammation, disturbed oxygenation (hyperoxia and hypoxia), blood flow (ischemia) hemorrhagic events and fetal malnutrition. Though our understanding of pathophysiological hallmarks has increased tremendously and standard care has improved markedly, interventions in the perinatal period to improve these neurological outcomes are still very limited. Therefore, there is still a need to improve our understanding of the underlying pathomechanisms in the developing brain, not only on a cellular level, but also in complex in vivo models. Basic scientific knowledge can be used to identify new therapeutic targets that will lead to treatments to improve the long-term outcomes and the quality of life of affected infants and their families.

This Special Issue aims to collect high-quality original manuscripts and reviews covering recent biomedical or clinical findings related to perinatal brain injuries, including new pharmacological or cell-based regenerative approaches to ameliorate the long-lasting deleterious consequences for brain development.

Dr. Cora H.A. Nijboer
Dr. Bobbi Fleiss
Dr. Ivo Bendix
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • preterm birth
  • perinatal brain injury
  • infection
  • inflammation
  • hypoxia
  • ischemia
  • hyperoxia
  • malnutrition
  • regenerative therapies
  • pharmacological intervention
  • stem cells

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 9821 KiB  
Article
The Temporal Relationship between Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity and Microglial Response following Neonatal Hypoxia Ischemia
by Arya Jithoo, Tayla R. Penny, Yen Pham, Amy E. Sutherland, Madeleine J. Smith, Maria Petraki, Michael C. Fahey, Graham Jenkin, Atul Malhotra, Suzanne L. Miller and Courtney A. McDonald
Cells 2024, 13(8), 660; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13080660 - 9 Apr 2024
Viewed by 745
Abstract
Blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and neuroinflammation are key mechanisms of brain injury. We performed a time-course study following neonatal hypoxia–ischemia (HI) to characterize these events. HI brain injury was induced in postnatal day 10 rats by single carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxia [...] Read more.
Blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and neuroinflammation are key mechanisms of brain injury. We performed a time-course study following neonatal hypoxia–ischemia (HI) to characterize these events. HI brain injury was induced in postnatal day 10 rats by single carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxia (8% oxygen, 90 min). At 6, 12, 24, and 72 h (h) post-HI, brains were collected to assess neuropathology and BBB dysfunction. A significant breakdown of the BBB was observed in the HI injury group compared to the sham group from 6 h in the cortex and hippocampus (p < 0.001), including a significant increase in albumin extravasation (p < 0.0033) and decrease in basal lamina integrity and tight-junction proteins. There was a decrease in resting microglia (p < 0.0001) transitioning to an intermediate state from as early as 6 h post-HI, with the intermediate microglia peaking at 12 h (p < 0.0001), which significantly correlated to the peak of microbleeds. Neonatal HI insult leads to significant brain injury over the first 72 h that is mediated by BBB disruption within 6 h and a transitioning state of the resident microglia. Key BBB events coincide with the appearance of the intermediate microglial state and this relationship warrants further research and may be a key target for therapeutic intervention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perinatal Brain Injury—from Pathophysiology to Therapy)
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