Cellular and Clinical Mechanisms of Obesity and Diabetes and Their Complications

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 January 2025 | Viewed by 1995

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Consultant in Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
Interests: investigation of the molecular mechanisms involved in growth hormone disorders; investigation of oxidative stress mechanisms in type 1 diabetes mellitus; investigation of signaling pathways involved in pediatric and adult obesity; investigation of genetics and syndromic forms of congenital hyperinsulinism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
Interests: hypoglycemia; hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia; diabetes mellitus; hypopituitarism; endocrine late-effects in oncology survivors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Obesity represents a global public health challenge with increasing prevalence and increased morbidity and mortality rates. It is a chronic and heterogeneous disorder characterized by the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue and regulated by multiple pathways. Its association with complications, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease, is well established. Extensive research has elucidated many of the mechanisms implicated in obesity-related metabolic dysregulation and its complications, resulting in tremendous achievements in the fight against obesity. 

In addition, diabetes, one of the most common metabolic disorders, is another global medical threat with increasing prevalence. Type 1 diabetes is caused by the autoimmune destruction of β-cells, whereas type 2 diabetes is characterized by the synergistic role of defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and the reduced responsiveness of insulin-sensitive tissues to insulin. The molecular mechanisms implicated in the synthesis and release of insulin and pathological conditions perpetuating β-cell destruction or insulin resistance, such as nutritional factors, physical activity, gut dysbiosis and metabolic memory, have been investigated thoroughly. 

This Special Issue aims to summarize the current knowledge on the clinical and cellular mechanisms implicated in obesity and diabetes, with the intention of broadening the understanding of these major metabolic disorders and their complications. 

We look forward to your contributions. 

Dr. Eirini Kostopoulou
Dr. María Güemes
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • obesity
  • type 1 diabetes
  • type 2 diabetes
  • metabolic disorders
  • complications
  • signaling pathways
  • pathophysiology
  • insulin
  • β-cell

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 2384 KiB  
Review
Metabolic Alteration Bridging the Prediabetic State and Colorectal Cancer
by Antonino Colloca, Isabella Donisi, Camilla Anastasio, Maria Luisa Balestrieri and Nunzia D’Onofrio
Cells 2024, 13(8), 663; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13080663 - 9 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1568
Abstract
Prediabetes and colorectal cancer (CRC) represent compelling health burdens responsible for high mortality and morbidity rates, sharing several modifiable risk factors. It has been hypothesized that metabolic abnormalities linking prediabetes and CRC are hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and adipokines imbalance. The chronic stimulation related to [...] Read more.
Prediabetes and colorectal cancer (CRC) represent compelling health burdens responsible for high mortality and morbidity rates, sharing several modifiable risk factors. It has been hypothesized that metabolic abnormalities linking prediabetes and CRC are hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and adipokines imbalance. The chronic stimulation related to these metabolic signatures can favor CRC onset and development, as well as negatively influence CRC prognosis. To date, the growing burden of prediabetes and CRC has generated a global interest in defining their epidemiological and molecular relationships. Therefore, a deeper knowledge of the metabolic impairment determinants is compelling to identify the pathological mechanisms promoting the onset of prediabetes and CRC. In this scenario, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the metabolic alterations of prediabetes and CRC as well as an overview of recent preventive and therapeutic approaches for both diseases, focusing on the role of the metabolic state as a pivotal contributor to consider for the development of future preventive and therapeutic strategies. Full article
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