New Technologies Based on Stem Cell-Therapies in Regenerative Medicine and Reproductive Biology Ⅱ

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Stem Cells".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 January 2023) | Viewed by 2342

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
Interests: stem cells; male infertility; human genetics; reproductive immunology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is intended to address the background of the modern technology of stem cell identification regarding optimal candidates used to treat respective diseases. This will include the in vitro propagation and identification of stem cells derived from tissue reservoirs; the creation of personally tailored cells from somatic cells through induced pluripotent state (iPS); re-differentiation into the stem cell precursor–progenitor pool; and genetic modifications of stem cells to increase desired capacities, such as pro-angiogenic, pro-regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic genes. This would include all technicalities of gene introduction (transient versus stable gene overexpression), and the optimization of promoters, vectors, and imaging systems (singular/double molecular probes). Personally tailoring stem cells through iPS technology would include genetic overexpression, epigenetic strategy, mRNA (including small regulatory molecules), proteins, and small chemical molecules (methylation vs. demethylation). Cell re-differentiation would include cocktails of growth factors, media components, artificial intelligence automatic systems, and accelerated in vitro cell maturation (specifically in the case of muscular components, including skeletal muscles and the heart, as well as cells of the central nervous system). Stem cell delivery is connected to the stem cell monitoring of migratory routes and transitions including the novel instrumentation of live in situ tracking systems, endoscopy, ultrasound, isotopic, and non-isotopic detection methods. Stem cell retention in target organs would require chaperones for the accompanying stem/progenitor cells, gradient creation when using an interplay of receptors with chemokine attraction molecules, and adjuvating medicines provided by nanotechnological means as nanocapsules with self-degrading properties that are resistant to a pro-inflammatory milieu, while demonstrating stimulating properties to stem cell action. Papers that focus on materials, nanomaterials, and scaffolds in combination with both cell retention issues and adaptation to the microenvironment and organ specificity are welcome. We are seeking papers dealing with immunomodulatory properties towards stem cells, acceptance in immunoprivileged sites as a part of protocol optimization depending on the demand of the target organ, and organoids from the perspective of future stem cell technology and 3D organ architecture to establish a futuristic view of organ replacement.

Prof. Dr. Maciej Kurpisz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • stem cell tissue reservoir
  • personally tailored stem cell interventions
  • stem cell genetic modifications
  • molecular reporters and cell tracking
  • cell delivery and organ retention
  • nanotechnological means to support stem cells action
  • scaffolds
  • organoids

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 8204 KiB  
Article
Immunomodulatory Macrophages Enable E-MNC Therapy for Radiation-Induced Salivary Gland Hypofunction
by Ryo Honma, Takashi I, Makoto Seki, Mayumi Iwatake, Takunori Ogaeri, Kayo Hasegawa, Seigo Ohba, Simon D. Tran, Izumi Asahina and Yoshinori Sumita
Cells 2023, 12(10), 1417; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12101417 - 17 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1850
Abstract
A newly developed therapy using effective-mononuclear cells (E-MNCs) is reportedly effective against radiation-damaged salivary glands (SGs) due to anti-inflammatory and revascularization effects. However, the cellular working mechanism of E-MNC therapy in SGs remains to be elucidated. In this study, E-MNCs were induced from [...] Read more.
A newly developed therapy using effective-mononuclear cells (E-MNCs) is reportedly effective against radiation-damaged salivary glands (SGs) due to anti-inflammatory and revascularization effects. However, the cellular working mechanism of E-MNC therapy in SGs remains to be elucidated. In this study, E-MNCs were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) by culture for 5–7 days in medium supplemented with five specific recombinant proteins (5G-culture). We analyzed the anti-inflammatory characteristics of macrophage fraction of E-MNCs using a co-culture model with CD3/CD28-stimulated PBMNCs. To test therapeutic efficacy in vivo, either E-MNCs or E-MNCs depleted of CD11b-positive cells were transplanted intraglandularly into mice with radiation-damaged SGs. Following transplantation, SG function recovery and immunohistochemical analyses of harvested SGs were assessed to determine if CD11b-positive macrophages contributed to tissue regeneration. The results indicated that CD11b/CD206-positive (M2-like) macrophages were specifically induced in E-MNCs during 5G-culture, and Msr1- and galectin3-positive cells (immunomodulatory macrophages) were predominant. CD11b-positive fraction of E-MNCs significantly inhibited the expression of inflammation-related genes in CD3/CD28-stimulated PBMNCs. Transplanted E-MNCs exhibited a therapeutic effect on saliva secretion and reduced tissue fibrosis in radiation-damaged SGs, whereas E-MNCs depleted of CD11b-positive cells and radiated controls did not. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed HMGB1 phagocytosis and IGF1 secretion by CD11b/Msr1-positive macrophages from both transplanted E-MNCs and host M2-macrophages. Thus, the anti-inflammatory and tissue-regenerative effects observed in E-MNC therapy against radiation-damaged SGs can be partly explained by the immunomodulatory effect of M2-dominant macrophage fraction. Full article
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