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Appetite Regulation and Mitophagy with Links to Chronic Disease and...
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Appetite Regulation and Mitophagy with Links to Chronic Disease and Alzheimer’s Disease

A special issue of Diseases (ISSN 2079-9721). This special issue belongs to the section "Neuro-psychiatric Disorders".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 19741

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ian James Martins

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Nedlands 6009, Australia
Interests: antiaging research; anti-aging genes; appetite; environment; nutrition; senescence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nutritional research has become important in appetite regulation with improvements in health relevant to healthy diets and the prevention of chronic disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Environmental factors such as stress, anxiety, and depression are important to consider with relevance to appetite dysregulation and the global increase in chronic diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. The origins of metabolic diseases may involve the dysregulation of hormones, nuclear receptors, and neuropeptides in the brain and peripheral tissues. Appetite disorders and brain metabolic diseases associated with obesity and diabetes require early intervention with diet, lifestyle, and drug therapy to prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Alzheimer’s disease. The effects of overnutrition on appetite and core body temperature regulation induce autoimmune disease and mitophagy that are involved in programmed cell death in insulin resistance and Alzheimer’s disease. Nutritional research is now essential to promote mitochondrial biogenesis that is connected to appetite regulation in both chronic and neurodegenerative diseases. The links between appetite dysregulation, endocrinology, and metabolism implicate the peptide apelin and the nuclear receptor Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) to be defective and involved in NAFLD and Alzheimer’s disease. Appetite regulation is now critical to the prevention of brain disorder therapy that may involve the reversal of synaptic plasticity defects that link diabetes to neurodegenerative diseases.

Dr. Ian James Martins
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diseases is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anti-aging genes
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • appetite
  • diabetes
  • nutrition
  • mitophagy
  • synaptic plasticity
  • NAFLD
  • autoimmune disease
  • stress
  • global
  • chronic diseases

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

32 pages, 5144 KiB  
Review
Modulating Effect of Diet on Alzheimer’s Disease
by Paloma Fernández-Sanz, Daniel Ruiz-Gabarre and Vega García-Escudero
Diseases 2019, 7(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases7010012 - 26 Jan 2019
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 12345
Abstract
As life expectancy is growing, neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, are increasing. This disease is characterised by the accumulation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles formed by hyperphosphorylated tau protein, senile plaques composed of an extracellular deposit of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), and neuronal loss. [...] Read more.
As life expectancy is growing, neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, are increasing. This disease is characterised by the accumulation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles formed by hyperphosphorylated tau protein, senile plaques composed of an extracellular deposit of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), and neuronal loss. This is accompanied by deficient mitochondrial function, increased oxidative stress, altered inflammatory response, and autophagy process impairment. The present study gathers scientific evidence that demonstrates that specific nutrients exert a direct effect on both Aβ production and Tau processing and their elimination by autophagy activation. Likewise, certain nutrients can modulate the inflammatory response and the oxidative stress related to the disease. However, the extent to which these effects come with beneficial clinical outcomes remains unclear. Even so, several studies have shown the benefits of the Mediterranean diet on Alzheimer’s disease, due to its richness in many of these compounds, to which can be attributed their neuroprotective properties due to the pleiotropic effect they show on the aforementioned processes. These indications highlight the potential role of adequate dietary recommendations for clinical management of both Alzheimer’s diagnosed patients and those in risk of developing it, emphasising once again the importance of diet on health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Appetite Regulation and Mitophagy with Links to Chronic Disease and Alzheimer’s Disease)
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23 pages, 725 KiB  
Review
Appetite, Metabolism and Hormonal Regulation in Normal Ageing and Dementia
by Artemissia-Phoebe Nifli
Diseases 2018, 6(3), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases6030066 - 20 Jul 2018
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6768
Abstract
Feeding and nutrition follow the growth trajectory of the course of life. The profound physiological changes that human body experiences during ageing affect separate aspects of food intake, from tastant perception to satiety. Concurrent morbidities, such as neurodegeneration, as seen in dementia, and [...] Read more.
Feeding and nutrition follow the growth trajectory of the course of life. The profound physiological changes that human body experiences during ageing affect separate aspects of food intake, from tastant perception to satiety. Concurrent morbidities, such as neurodegeneration, as seen in dementia, and metabolic syndrome, may further shape nutritional behaviours, status and adequacy. In an effort to fill the gap between the exhausting basic research and the actual needs of professionals caring for the exponentially expanding ageing population, the current review addresses major factors relevant to appetite and eating disturbances. Does age alter the perception of food modalities? Is food generally still perceived as alluring and delicious with age? Is there an interplay between ageing, cognitive decline, and malnutrition? What tools can we adopt for proper and timely monitoring? Finally, what anatomical and pathophysiological evidence exists to support a hypothesis of central regulation of metabolic perturbations in normal and accelerated cognitive impairment, and how can we benefit from it in health practice? Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Appetite Regulation and Mitophagy with Links to Chronic Disease and Alzheimer’s Disease)
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