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Electronics
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Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems
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Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Systems & Control Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2023) | Viewed by 23150

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jamshed Iqbal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computer Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
Interests: mechatronics; robotics; control systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ali Arshad Uppal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
Interests: nonlinear control; sliding mode control; optimal control; control of distributed parameter systems
Dr. Muhammad Rizwan Azam

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
Interests: control systems; nonlinear control; systems biology; sliding mode control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to its inherent robustness and finite time convergence, sliding mode control (SMC) is extensively used for the control of nonlinear uncertain systems. Apart from robustness against parametric variations and external disturbances, it also provides model order reduction. It has been employed in a large range of dynamic systems, including but not limited to electric drives, power converters, power systems, aircraft, autonomous vehicles, a wide range of mechanical systems, and industrial processes. The discontinuous control law in SMC is the reason for its robustness. However, it is also responsible for the so-called chattering problem. Most of the research in SMC is carried out to address the chattering phenomenon, which gives rise to higher-order SMC, adaptive SMC and chattering-free SMC. Another important research topic pertaining to SMC is the finite-time convergence of the error dynamics, which leads to the advent of finite-time convergent SMC (FTSMC). Contrary to conventional SMC, the sliding variable in FTSMC is nonlinear, which results in the finite-time convergence of the sliding mode.  

Currently, SMC is being extensively used in power converters, electric drives, the control of underactuated systems, the control of energy conversion systems, and fault-tolerant control. The integration of machine learning techniques with SMC has caught the attention of many control engineers.                    

The objective of this Special Issue is to bring together an articulate set of papers that advance our understanding of the theory and practice behind SMC and its variants. The Special Issue is timely since recent years have witnessed the notable experimental realization of SMC-based control laws in applications of immense importance.

Both theoretical and applied avenues fall within the scope of the Special Issue, thus making it equally interesting for mathematicians, engineers and scientists. Please note that modern control techniques other than SMC or its variants are not included in the scope of the Special Issue. In addition to original research papers, comprehensive and systematic reviews listing current challenges and suggesting possible future research directions on the subject topic are also welcomed. It is anticipated that the wider dissemination of recent research trends in SMC and its variants will stimulate more exchanges and collaborations among the control community and contribute to further advancements from an applied perspective.

Dr. Jamshed Iqbal
Dr. Ali Arshad Uppal
Dr. Muhammad Rizwan Azam
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sliding mode control—theory and practice
  • higher-order sliding mode controllers
  • sliding mode observers
  • fixed-time nonlinear homogeneous sliding mode controller
  • fast integral terminal sliding mode controller
  • adaptive or neuro-adaptive global sliding mode controller
  • role of SMC in industry 4.0 cyber-physical systems
  • application of SMC in control of:
    • robotic manipulators
    • unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
    • biomedical systems
    • power converters
    • power system
    • electric drives
    • process control
    • other dynamic systems

Published Papers (13 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

4 pages, 176 KiB  
Editorial
Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems
by Ali Arshad Uppal, Muhammad Rizwan Azam and Jamshed Iqbal
Electronics 2023, 12(13), 2970; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132970 - 05 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1742
Abstract
Due to its inherent robustness and finite time convergence, sliding mode control (SMC) is extensively used for the control of nonlinear uncertain systems [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

22 pages, 8629 KiB  
Article
Optimizing Large-Scale PV Systems with Machine Learning: A Neuro-Fuzzy MPPT Control for PSCs with Uncertainties
by Asif, Waleed Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal Qureshi, Muhammad Mohsin Khan, Muhammad A. B. Fayyaz and Raheel Nawaz
Electronics 2023, 12(7), 1720; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12071720 - 04 Apr 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1714
Abstract
The article proposes a new approach to maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for photovoltaic (PV) systems operating under partial shading conditions (PSCs) that improves upon the limitations of traditional methods in identifying the global maximum power (GMP), resulting in reduced system efficiency. The [...] Read more.
The article proposes a new approach to maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for photovoltaic (PV) systems operating under partial shading conditions (PSCs) that improves upon the limitations of traditional methods in identifying the global maximum power (GMP), resulting in reduced system efficiency. The proposed approach uses a two-stage MPPT method that employs machine learning (ML) and terminal sliding mode control (TSMC). In the first stage, a neuro fuzzy network (NFN) is used to improve the accuracy of the reference voltage generation for MPPT, while in the second stage, a TSMC is used to track the MPP voltage using a non-inverting DC—DC buck-boost converter. The proposed method has been validated through numerical simulations and experiments, demonstrating significant enhancements in MPPT performance even under challenging scenarios. A comprehensive comparison study was conducted with two traditional MPPT algorithms, PID and P&O, which demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method in generating higher power and less control time. The proposed method generates the least power loss in both steady and dynamic states and exhibits an 8.2% higher average power and 60% less control time compared to traditional methods, indicating its superior performance. The proposed method was also found to perform well under real-world conditions and load variations, resulting in 56.1% less variability and only 2–3 W standard deviation at the GMPP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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16 pages, 2415 KiB  
Article
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Control Based on Phase Current Reconstruction
by Guozhong Yao, Yun Yang, Zhengjiang Wang and Yuhan Xiao
Electronics 2023, 12(7), 1624; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12071624 - 30 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2454
Abstract
The traditional single current sensor control strategy of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) often adopts the DC bus method, which makes it difficult to eliminate the blind area of current reconstruction. Therefore, a current reconstruction method based on a sliding mode observer [...] Read more.
The traditional single current sensor control strategy of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) often adopts the DC bus method, which makes it difficult to eliminate the blind area of current reconstruction. Therefore, a current reconstruction method based on a sliding mode observer is proposed. Based on the current equation of the motor, the method takes the α-axis and β-axis currents as the observation objects and shares the same synovial surface, so that the α-axis current observation value and the β-axis current observation value converge to the actual current value at the same time and the unknown β-axis current information is obtained. The control system first tests the performance of the motor under different working conditions when the parameters are matched, and then tests the current reconstruction ability of the parameter mismatch. The results show that the current observer with a matched parameter can accurately and quickly reconstruct the β-axis current under various operating conditions, and the maximum current error does not exceed 4 mA. When the parameters are mismatched, high-performance control of the motor can still be achieved. The proposed method has excellent robustness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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18 pages, 20195 KiB  
Article
Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control with Compensated Current Controller Dynamics on Active Magnetic Bearings with Large Air Gap
by Jonah Vennemann, Romain Brasse, Niklas König, Matthias Nienhaus and Emanuele Grasso
Electronics 2023, 12(4), 950; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040950 - 14 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1249
Abstract
Due to their unique properties, like no mechanical contact and therefore no wear and no lubrication needed, Active Magnetic Bearings (AMBs) have been a dynamic field of research in the past decades. The high non-linearities of AMBs generate many challenges for the control [...] Read more.
Due to their unique properties, like no mechanical contact and therefore no wear and no lubrication needed, Active Magnetic Bearings (AMBs) have been a dynamic field of research in the past decades. The high non-linearities of AMBs generate many challenges for the control of the otherwise unstable system, thus they need to be addressed to deliver the performance that modern applications require. Integrating the current controller dynamics into the model of a position controller in a cascading control loop helps to improve the performance of the control loop compared to a plain current controlled schema. Further, this nested control loop guarantees the predefined current dynamics of the current controller, tuned according to an industrial criterion. The systems dynamics are modelled and the proposed controller is validated experimentally on a physical test bench. The experimental results show a performant position control with a nested and explicit current controller on an AMB, even with a large air gap and star-connected coils. The trajectory range of the rotor was reduced by 87% to ±20 μm, compared to a plain current-controlled model. The proposed control strategy lays the foundation for further research, especially concerning sensorless position estimation techniques since these usually have limited bandwidth and benefit from a predefined current dynamic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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17 pages, 2069 KiB  
Article
Chattering Free Sliding Mode Control and State Dependent Kalman Filter Design for Underground Gasification Energy Conversion Process
by Sohail Ahmad, Ali Arshad Uppal, Muhammad Rizwan Azam and Jamshed Iqbal
Electronics 2023, 12(4), 876; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040876 - 09 Feb 2023
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 1484
Abstract
The fluctuations in the heating value of an underground coal gasification (UCG) process limit its application in electricity generation, where a desired composition of the combustible gases is required to operate gas turbines efficiently. This shortcoming can be addressed by designing a robust [...] Read more.
The fluctuations in the heating value of an underground coal gasification (UCG) process limit its application in electricity generation, where a desired composition of the combustible gases is required to operate gas turbines efficiently. This shortcoming can be addressed by designing a robust control scheme for the process. In the current research work, a model-based, chattering-free sliding mode control (CFSMC) algorithm is developed to maintain a desired heating value trajectory of the syngas mixture. Besides robustness, CFSMC yields reduced chattering due to continuous control law, and the tracking error also converges in finite time. To estimate the unmeasurable states required for the controller synthesis, a state-dependent Kalman filter (SDKF) based on the quasi-linear decomposition of the nonlinear model is employed. The simulation results demonstrate that despite the external disturbance and measurement noise, the control methodology yields good tracking performance. A comparative analysis is also made between CFSMC, a conventional SMC, and an already designed dynamic integral SMC (DISMC), which shows that CFSMC yields 71.2% and 69.9% improvement in the root mean squared tracking error with respect to SMC and DISMC, respectively. Moreover, CFSMC consumes 97% and 23.2% less control energy as compared to SMC and DISMC, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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16 pages, 2836 KiB  
Article
Design of Predefined Time Convergent Sliding Mode Control for a Nonlinear PMLM Position System
by Saleem Riaz, Chun-Wu Yin, Rong Qi, Bingqiang Li, Sadia Ali and Khurram Shehzad
Electronics 2023, 12(4), 813; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040813 - 06 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1596
Abstract
The significant role for a contemporary control algorithm in the position control of a permanent magnet linear motor (PMLM) system is highlighted by the rigorous standards for accuracy in many modern industrial and robotics applications. A robust predefined time convergent sliding mode controller [...] Read more.
The significant role for a contemporary control algorithm in the position control of a permanent magnet linear motor (PMLM) system is highlighted by the rigorous standards for accuracy in many modern industrial and robotics applications. A robust predefined time convergent sliding mode controller (PreDSMC) is designed for the high precision position tracking of a permanent magnet linear motor (PMLM) system with external disturbance, and its convergence time is independent of the system’s initial value and model parameters. We verified theoretically that the performance function conditions are satisfied, the motor speed is steady and constrained, and the motor position tracking error converges to zero within the prescribed time. First, we designed a sliding mode (SM) surface with predetermined time convergence, which mathematically demonstrates that the tracking error converges to zero within the predefined time and shows that the position tracking accuracy is higher. Secondly, we developed a PreDSMC law that is independent of initial state and based on the predefined time convergence Lyapunov stability criterion. Finally, to prove the accuracy and higher precision of the proposed PreDSMC, comparative numerical simulations are performed for PMLM with compound disturbances. Simulation findings show that the suggested robust predefined control method considerably reduces the impacts of friction and external disturbances; consequently, it may increase the control performance when compared to the typical proportional integral derivative (PID) controller, the nonsingular fast terminal SMC, and the linear SMC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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27 pages, 5321 KiB  
Article
Hybrid Backstepping-Super Twisting Algorithm for Robust Speed Control of a Three-Phase Induction Motor
by Sadia Ali, Alvaro Prado and Mahmood Pervaiz
Electronics 2023, 12(3), 681; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030681 - 29 Jan 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1518
Abstract
This paper proposes a Hybrid Backstepping Super Twisting Algorithm for robust speed control of a three-phase Induction Motor in the presence of load torque uncertainties. First of all, a three-phase squirrel cage Induction Motor is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink. This is then followed by [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a Hybrid Backstepping Super Twisting Algorithm for robust speed control of a three-phase Induction Motor in the presence of load torque uncertainties. First of all, a three-phase squirrel cage Induction Motor is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink. This is then followed by the design of different non-linear controllers, such as sliding mode control (SMC), super twisting SMC, and backstepping control. Furthermore, a novel controller is designed by the synergy of two methods, such as backstepping and super twisting SMC (Back-STC), to obtain the benefits of both techniques and, thereby, improve robustness. The sigmoid function is used with an exact differentiator to minimize the high-speed discontinuities present in the input channel. The efficacy of this novel design and its performance were evidenced in comparison with other methods, carried out by simulations in MATLAB/Simulink. Regression parameters, such as ISE (Integral Square error), IAE (Integral Absolute error) and ITAE (Integral Time Absolute error), were calculated in three different modes of operation: SSM (Start-Stop Mode), NOM (Normal Operation Mode) and DRM (Disturbance Rejection Mode). In the end, the numerical values of the regression parameters were quantitatively analyzed to draw conclusions regarding the tracking performance and robustness of the implemented non-linear control techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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24 pages, 8742 KiB  
Article
Integral Windup Resetting Enhancement for Sliding Mode Control of Chemical Processes with Longtime Delay
by Alvaro Javier Prado, Marco Herrera, Xavier Dominguez, Jose Torres and Oscar Camacho
Electronics 2022, 11(24), 4220; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11244220 - 18 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1969
Abstract
The effects of the windup phenomenon impact the performance of integral controllers commonly found in industrial processes. In particular, windup issues are critical for controlling variable and longtime delayed systems, as they may not be timely corrected by the tracking error accumulation and [...] Read more.
The effects of the windup phenomenon impact the performance of integral controllers commonly found in industrial processes. In particular, windup issues are critical for controlling variable and longtime delayed systems, as they may not be timely corrected by the tracking error accumulation and saturation of the actuators. This work introduces two anti-windup control algorithms for a sliding mode control (SMC) framework to promptly reset the integral control action in the discontinuous mode without inhibiting the robustness of the overall control system against disturbances. The proposed algorithms are intended to anticipate and steer the tracking error toward the origin region of the sliding surface based on an anti-saturation logistic function and a robust compensation action fed by system output variations. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms when they are applied to two chemical processes, i.e., (i) a Variable Height Mixing Tank (VHMT) and (ii) Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) with a variable longtime delay. The control performance of the proposed anti-windup approaches has been assessed under different reference and disturbance changes, exhibiting that the tracking control performance in the presence of disturbances is enhanced up to 24.35% in terms of the Integral Square Error (ISE) and up to 88.7% regarding the Integral Time Square Error (ITSE). Finally, the results of the proposed methodology demonstrated that the excess of cumulative energy by the actuator saturation could reduce the process resources and also extend the actuator’s lifetime span. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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22 pages, 11503 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Fractional-Order Nonsingular Terminal Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control for a Low-Cost Humanoid Manipulator
by Rong Hu, Xiaolei Xu, Yi Zhang and Hua Deng
Electronics 2022, 11(22), 3693; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223693 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1134
Abstract
Prosthetic humanoid manipulators manufacturing requires light overall weight, small size, compact structure, and low cost to realize wearing purpose. These requirements constrain hardware configuration conditions and aggravate the nonlinearity and coupling effects of manipulators. A dynamic fractional-order nonsingular terminal super-twisting sliding mode (DFONTSM-STA) [...] Read more.
Prosthetic humanoid manipulators manufacturing requires light overall weight, small size, compact structure, and low cost to realize wearing purpose. These requirements constrain hardware configuration conditions and aggravate the nonlinearity and coupling effects of manipulators. A dynamic fractional-order nonsingular terminal super-twisting sliding mode (DFONTSM-STA) control is proposed to realize multi-joints coordination for a low-cost humanoid manipulator. This method combines a dynamic fractional-order nonsingular terminal sliding mode (DFONTSM) manifold with the super-twisting reaching law, which can enhance the entire control performance by dynamically changing the position of the sliding mode manifold. By hiding the sign function in a higher-order term, chattering can be effectively suppressed. The stability of the low-cost humanoid manipulator system has been proven based on the Lyapunov stability theory. Experimental results show that the terminal trajectory tracking accuracy of DFONTSM-STA control was promoted by 53.3% and 23.7% respectively compared with FONTSM control and FONTSM-STA control. Thus, the DFONTSM-STA controller is superior in error convergence speed, chattering suppression, and accurate position tracking performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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17 pages, 4489 KiB  
Article
IM Fed by Three-Level Inverter under DTC Strategy Combined with Sliding Mode Theory
by Salma Jnayah, Intissar Moussa and Adel Khedher
Electronics 2022, 11(22), 3656; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223656 - 09 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1329
Abstract
The classical direct torque control (CDTC) of the induction motor (IM) drive is characterized by high ripples in the stator flux and the electromagnetic torque waveforms due to the use of hysteresis comparators. Furthermore, the motor speed in this control strategy is ensured [...] Read more.
The classical direct torque control (CDTC) of the induction motor (IM) drive is characterized by high ripples in the stator flux and the electromagnetic torque waveforms due to the use of hysteresis comparators. Furthermore, the motor speed in this control strategy is ensured through a proportional integral (PI) regulator, due to its simple structure. Nonetheless, this controller is sensitive to load disturbances. Hence, it is not robust against parameter variance, which can degrade the motor performance. To overcome this deficiency, many endeavors have been conducted in the literature to ensure a high dynamic response of the motor in all speed ranges, with minimum flux and torque undulations. Thus, the DTC of an IM associated with a three-level inverter based on sliding mode (SM) flux, torque and speed controllers was adopted to substitute the hysteresis comparators and the traditional PI regulator, since the SM speed controller is able to prevail against external disturbances. The second contribution of this manuscript is to develop the proposed DTC_SM approach using the Xilinx System Generator (XSG) in order to implement it on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) Virtex 5 on account of its ability to adopt parallel processing. The hardware co-simulation results verify clearly the merits of the suggested modified DTC strategy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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18 pages, 5662 KiB  
Article
Adaptive Chattering-Free PID Sliding Mode Control for Tracking Problem of Uncertain Dynamical Systems
by Yufei Liang, Dong Zhang, Guodong Li and Tao Wu
Electronics 2022, 11(21), 3499; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11213499 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1486
Abstract
Aiming at the trajectory tracking problem with unknown uncertainties, a novel controller composed of proportional-integral-differential sliding mode surface (PIDSM) and variable gain hyperbolic reaching law is proposed. A PID-type sliding mode surface with an inverse hyperbolic integral terminal sliding mode term is proposed, [...] Read more.
Aiming at the trajectory tracking problem with unknown uncertainties, a novel controller composed of proportional-integral-differential sliding mode surface (PIDSM) and variable gain hyperbolic reaching law is proposed. A PID-type sliding mode surface with an inverse hyperbolic integral terminal sliding mode term is proposed, which has the advantages of global convergence of integral sliding mode (ISM) and finite time convergence of terminal sliding mode (TSM), and the control effect is significantly improved. Then, a variable gain hyperbolic approach law is proposed to solve the sliding mode approaching velocity problem. The variable gain term can guarantee different approaching velocities at different distances from the sliding mode surface, and the chattering problem is eliminated by using a hyperbolic function instead of the switching function. The redesign of the sliding mode surface and the reaching law ensures the robustness and tracking accuracy of the uncertain system. Adaptive estimation can compensate for uncertain disturbance terms in nonlinear systems, and the combination with sliding mode control further improves the tracking accuracy and robustness of the system. Finally, the Lyapunov stability principle is used for stability analysis, and the simulation study verifies that the proposed control scheme has the advantages of fast response, strong robustness, and high tracking accuracy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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15 pages, 3023 KiB  
Article
Fuel Cell Voltage Regulation Using Dynamic Integral Sliding Mode Control
by Amina Yasin, Abdul Rehman Yasin, Muhammad Bilal Saqib, Saba Zia, Mudassar Riaz, Robina Nazir, Ridab Adlan Elamin Abdalla and Shaherbano Bajwa
Electronics 2022, 11(18), 2922; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11182922 - 15 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1768
Abstract
Fuel cells guarantee ecological ways of electricity production by promising zero emissions. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered one of the safest methods, with a low operating temperature and maximum conversion efficiency. In order to harness the full potential of PEMFC, [...] Read more.
Fuel cells guarantee ecological ways of electricity production by promising zero emissions. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered one of the safest methods, with a low operating temperature and maximum conversion efficiency. In order to harness the full potential of PEMFC, it is imperative to ensure the membrane’s safety through appropriate control strategies. However, most of the strategies focus on fuel economy along with viable fuel cell life, but they do not assure constant output voltage characteristics. A comprehensive design to regulate and boost the output voltages of PEMFC under varying load conditions is addressed with dynamic integral sliding mode control (DISMC) by combining the properties of both the dynamic and integral SMC. The proposed system outperforms in robustness against parametric uncertainties and eliminates the reaching phase along with assured stability. A hardware test rig consisting of a portable PEMFC is connected to the power converter using the proposed technique that regulates voltage for varying loads and power conditions. The results are compared with a proportional integral (PI) based system. Both simulation and hardware results are provided to validate the proposed technique. The experimental results show improvements of 35.4%, 34% and 50% in the rise time, settling time and robustness, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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15 pages, 6351 KiB  
Article
Design of Sensorless Speed Control System for Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor Based on Fuzzy Super-Twisted Sliding Mode Observer
by Zheng Li, Jinsong Wang, Shaohua Wang, Shengdi Feng, Yiding Zhu and Hexu Sun
Electronics 2022, 11(9), 1394; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091394 - 27 Apr 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1655
Abstract
To improve the tracking capability and sensorless estimation accuracy of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) control system, a sensorless control system based on a continuous terminal sliding mode controller (CT-SMC) and fuzzy super-twisted sliding mode observer (F-ST-SMO) was designed. Compared with [...] Read more.
To improve the tracking capability and sensorless estimation accuracy of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) control system, a sensorless control system based on a continuous terminal sliding mode controller (CT-SMC) and fuzzy super-twisted sliding mode observer (F-ST-SMO) was designed. Compared with a conventional slide mode control, CT-SMC can reach the equilibrium point in limited time to ensure the continuity of control and achieve fast tracking of reference speed. Based on the PMLSM design of F-ST-SMO, a super-twisted sliding mode algorithm is used to replace the traditional first order sliding mode algorithm. Meanwhile, fuzzy rules are introduced to adjust the sliding mode gain adaptively, which replaces the fixed gain of traditional SMO and reduces chattering of the system. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the designed control system are proven by simulation and experiment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sliding Mode Control in Dynamic Systems)
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