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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 3309

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Gang Liu

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Guest Editor

School of Electric Power Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan road, No.381, Tianhe district, Guangzhou, China
Interests: insulation performance of power cable system; electromagnetic interference in power cable system; capacities of power cable and overhead conductor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As Guest Editor, I am pleased to announce that submissions to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject of “Electrical Engineering, High Voltage and Insulation Technology” are now open. The combination of high voltage and insulation performance is important for the stability and duration of electric energy transmission and distribution. Indeed, there have been multiple emerging application techniques for power cable systems and overhead conductors in recent years.

This Special Issue will focus on the latest applications and mechanism explorations in electric power systems. Topics of interest for publication include but are not limited to:

Long-term performance of high-voltage cable systems;
Electromagnetic interference originating from power cables in nuclear power plants;
Defect detecting for power cable accessories;
Energy conversion in lightning fields;
Real-time capacity calculation and forecast in power systems;
Insulation condition detection and testing；

Prof. Dr. Gang Liu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

power cable
overhead conductor
cable accessory
EMI
defect detecting
lightning

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2896 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

An Improved Analytical Thermal Rating Method for Cable Joints

by Fawu He, Yue Xie, Pengyu Wang, Zhiheng Wu, Shuzhen Bao, Wei Wang, Xiaofeng Xu, Xiaokai Meng and Gang Liu

Energies 2024, 17(9), 2040; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17092040 - 25 Apr 2024

Viewed by 247

Abstract

To improve the utilization rate of cable lines while retaining sufficient security, the accurate thermal assessment of cable is significant for cable operation condition evaluation. The thermal rating for a cable joint, which is regarded as a hot spot of cable lines, is not covered by the scope of IEC 60287. While the existing publications for cable joint thermal evaluation also have some limitations. In this paper, the quasi-three-dimensional thermal model of the cable joint was established and the iterative solution method for the model is presented. Based on the model, an improved thermal rating method for the cable joint was proposed, which was implemented with monitored surface temperature and load data. The improved method was verified by the finite element method and the results showed an error of less than 5%. The superiority of the improved method was conducted by the comparison between the previously published method and the improved method. The improved method showed a better accuracy than the previously published method. The proposed method in this paper can be complementary to the IEC method, and is easy to use for the operating evaluation of cable joints in the field with the on-line condition monitoring technology. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering, High Voltage and Insulation Technology)

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21 pages, 5873 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigation on Pollution-Induced Flashovers of In-Service Insulators in Ethiopian Power Transmission Lines

by Berhanu Zelalem Desta, Mengesha M. Wogari and Stanislaw M. Gubanski

Energies 2024, 17(9), 2007; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17092007 - 24 Apr 2024

Viewed by 292

Abstract

Power transmission lines in Ethiopia are experiencing an alarmingly high frequency of unexplained outages triggered by environmental factors, which significantly undermine the reliability of the country’s power system. This paper presents investigations aiming to identify those among the unexplained fault records that have been caused by pollution induced flashovers. An identification method is developed, which associates the contextual fault features, such as information about the characteristics of the fault, fault location, and time of day, as well as month of its occurrence with local meteorological/climatic and environmental conditions. A total number of 4231 unexplained faults, recorded between 2015 and 2022, were analyzed. Among them, 1045 faults (24.7%) were identified as being most likely caused by pollution induced flashovers. The entire network suffered from more than 130 pollution-induced flashovers annually with a frequency of about 0.8 faults/100 km/year. The fault frequency strongly differed among the grid regions, being highest in the Northeast and lowest in the Southwest region. Moreover, the performed analyses also concentrated on the evaluation of the pollution performance of various insulator types employed in the network. The results indicate that porcelain insulators have the highest pollution-induced flashover intensity of 1.47 faults/year/1000 units, followed by silicone rubber polymeric composite insulators and glass insulators with the respective intensities of 1.21 and 0.83 faults/year/1000 units. These results indicate that despite the high expectations towards the pollution performance of silicone rubber polymeric insulators, their use in the Ethiopian climatic and environmental conditions appears to be unsatisfactory. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering, High Voltage and Insulation Technology)

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17 pages, 7014 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Adaptive Reclosing Scheme for Cross-Line Faults on Double-Circuit Wind Power Outgoing Lines with Shunt Reactors

by Sen Hu, Chao Xie and Chunya Yin

Energies 2024, 17(6), 1273; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17061273 - 7 Mar 2024

Viewed by 427

Abstract

Wind turbines are vulnerable to negative sequence current injection, the conventional automatic reclosing scheme for wind power outgoing lines, since we may inject negative sequence components into the system and reclose it without distinguishing the nature of the fault through rectification. Moreover, reclosing in permanent faults could induce a secondary impact on the system. To solve the above problems, an adaptive reclosing scheme for cross-line faults on double-circuit wind power outgoing lines with shunt reactors is proposed. Firstly, a new tripping strategy and a single-side partial-phase reclosing method are proposed for multiple types of outgoing line faults, while, simultaneously, phase-to-phase coupling loops are established. Secondly, the criteria of fault nature are established based on the fault phase shunt reactor current and fault phase voltage characteristics, and transient faults are rapidly and accurately distinguished from permanent ones according to the criteria. Finally, the theoretical derivation and simulation experiments are conducted on the PSCAD/EMTDC platform to demonstrate that the proposed adaptive reclosing method is applicable to avoid the injection of negative sequence currents into wind turbines. Meanwhile, the success rate of reclosing for wind power outgoing line is significantly improved and the continuity of power transmission on the wind farm(s) is ensured. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering, High Voltage and Insulation Technology)

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14 pages, 7246 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Experimental Study on Rejuvenation of Aged Power Cables via Simulation Operation

by Yue Xie, Yu Zhang, Yihui Lou and Jinming Zhang

Energies 2024, 17(3), 655; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17030655 - 30 Jan 2024

Viewed by 418

Abstract

Thermal effects play a crucial role in the evolution of insulation performance in power cables during long-term operation. Before the experiments, crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) sheets and cables were thermally aged at 105 °C for up to 180 days. Then, the heat treatments on XLPE sheets and cables were conducted in three stages. Firstly, the aged sheets were subjected to heat treatment with a temperature range of 90 to 115 °C at intervals of 5 °C, with each step lasting for 20 h. Secondly, a 7-year-serviced cable underwent simulated cable operation at the same temperature as the XLPE sheets. Thirdly, two 15- and 30-year-serviced cables were treated at temperatures ranging from 90 to 105 °C, adhering to the same intervals as the second stage. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), cross-linking degree, DC conduction, and breakdown strength were measured. The results show that both heat treatment methods are effective in enhancing crystallization characteristics and conductivity for XLPE sheets and aged cables, and the optimum values were achieved at decreasing temperatures as the aging period extended. Moreover, the heat treatment on retired cables yielded similar results, suggesting that a heat treatment resembling cable operation at higher temperatures would initially be beneficial for cable rejuvenation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering, High Voltage and Insulation Technology)

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14 pages, 2139 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Arc Fault Protection of the High-Current Busbar Assembly of an Ore Furnace

by Dilara Rakhimberdinova, Aleksandr Novozhilov, Evgeniy Kolesnikov, Oksana Andreeva, Olzhas Talipov and Aleksandr Kislov

Energies 2023, 16(23), 7834; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237834 - 29 Nov 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 728

Abstract

The design features of high-power ore furnaces are the transformer’s secondary winding made of 4–8 isolated splits and a busbar assembly made of the same number of paired bifilar bus tubes, spaced 20–40 mm apart. Only an arc fault (AF) can occur between paired bus tubes in such an assembly, during which the assembly with currents of 35–150 kA can be completely destructed. To protect against AFs, these bus tubes are wrapped in several layers of gluey fiberglass cloth. However, such cloth is abraded under the impact of airborne abrasive dust particles during furnace operation, and coal dust in the air creates the conditions for an AF. A new current protection with a magnetic current transformer (MCT), which prevents busbar assembly destruction, is suggested. Its design is based on the analysis of the distribution of busbar assembly magnetic fields. The choice of MCT position is justified, and parameters of its windings are determined; MCT construction and fastening are described, and a technique for reliable MCT output signal transmission under strong magnetic fields and with a specified protection threshold is suggested. These protections are currently the simplest and cheapest tool for preventing the complete destruction of an expensive busbar assembly in events of AFs during it. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering, High Voltage and Insulation Technology)

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15 pages, 4765 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Detection of Interturn Short-Circuit Faults in Dry-Type Voltage Transformers Using the Pulse Voltage Method

by Hongyan Nie, Hongxin Wang, Wei Wang and Yuanhang Yao

Energies 2023, 16(19), 6883; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16196883 - 29 Sep 2023

Viewed by 799

Abstract

This article investigates the application of the pulse voltage method for detecting interturn short-circuit faults in the high-voltage windings of dry-type voltage transformers. We determined the characterization parameters of the high-voltage windings of dry-type voltage transformers and trends in the variation of the characterization parameters with frequency in the presence and absence of faults. The viability of using the pulse voltage method for the detection of interturn short-circuit faults in dry-type voltage transformers was analyzed. A pulse voltage test platform was designed to analyze the response voltage waveforms using pulse-oscillating voltage experiments on transformers with various short-circuit faults. The results demonstrate that during a turn-to-turn short circuit, the equivalent resistance and inductance of a high-voltage winding are significantly lowered. When employing the pulse voltage method to investigate interturn short-circuit faults, tiny inductors are connected in parallel to produce an oscillating voltage waveform that is more uniform. Upon incurring a short circuit between turns, the pulse’s oscillating voltage frequency increases. The greater the number of turns in the short-circuit fault is, the more significant the effect of the test. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering, High Voltage and Insulation Technology)

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