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Entropy
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Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes
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Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes

A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Thermodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (26 December 2019) | Viewed by 6472

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Yasar Demirel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
Interests: transport and rate processes; thermodynamic coupling; self-organization; reaction-diffusion systems; information theory; fluctuation theory
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Thanks to many nonequilibrium systems in nature, we observe coupled transport and rate processes, self-organized dissipative systems, and living systems that need to be maintained away from equilibrium to be alive. Coupled processes can produce flows without their primary thermodynamic forces and /or produce flows in a direction opposite to the forces require, such as the Soret effect and active primary transport. Coupling is universal in living and nonliving systems. However, one may argue that coupling is functional in living systems and is a part of a biochemical cycle for accomplishing a required task, such as the interactions between anabolic and catabolic systems for the life. A tornado, on the other hand, can be very harmful unintentionally.

There have been great efforts in formulating nonequilibrium systems with thermodynamics. One big dilemma in nonequilibrium systems has been the distance from equilibrium. Prigogine proposed thermodynamic branch of linear and nonlinear regions where the bifurcations may lead to highly distinct outcomes in near equilibrium and far from equilibrium regions. Another important aspect is the scale of nonequilibrium systems, transport and rate processes in small-scale systems, create unique challenges. Additionally, the fluctuations in nonequilibrium small systems has opened new avenues for research and development in stochastic thermodynamics. In addition, constructal law, ecosystems, extended nonequilibrium thermodynamics, fluctuation theory, quantum thermodynamics, and self-organized criticality are some of the topics attracted researchers in using thermodynamics in describing nonequilibrium systems. I cordially invite researchers, engineers, and students to submit their research papers related to thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes in this Special Issue.

Dr. Yasar Demirel
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Entropy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nonequilibrium systems
  • thermodynamics
  • coupled systems
  • transport and rate processes
  • self-organized systems
  • entropy production
  • fluctuation theory
  • stochastic thermodynamics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1251 KiB  
Article
An Overview of Emergent Order in Far-from-Equilibrium Driven Systems: From Kuramoto Oscillators to Rayleigh–Bénard Convection
by Atanu Chatterjee, Nicholas Mears, Yash Yadati and Germano S. Iannacchione
Entropy 2020, 22(5), 561; https://doi.org/10.3390/e22050561 - 17 May 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2797
Abstract
Soft-matter systems when driven out of equilibrium often give rise to structures that usually lie in between the macroscopic scale of the material and microscopic scale of its constituents. In this paper we review three such systems, the two-dimensional square-lattice Ising model, the [...] Read more.
Soft-matter systems when driven out of equilibrium often give rise to structures that usually lie in between the macroscopic scale of the material and microscopic scale of its constituents. In this paper we review three such systems, the two-dimensional square-lattice Ising model, the Kuramoto model and the Rayleigh–Bénard convection system which when driven out of equilibrium give rise to emergent spatio-temporal order through self-organization. A common feature of these systems is that the entities that self-organize are coupled to one another in some way, either through local interactions or through a continuous media. Therefore, the general nature of non-equilibrium fluctuations of the intrinsic variables in these systems are found to follow similar trends as order emerges. Through this paper, we attempt to find connections between these systems, and systems in general which give rise to emergent order when driven out of equilibrium. This study, thus acts as a foundation for modeling a complex system as a two-state system, where the states: order and disorder can coexist as the system is driven away from equilibrium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes)
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12 pages, 759 KiB  
Article
Fluctuation Theorem of Information Exchange within an Ensemble of Paths Conditioned on Correlated-Microstates
by Lee Jinwoo
Entropy 2019, 21(5), 477; https://doi.org/10.3390/e21050477 - 07 May 2019
Viewed by 3278
Abstract
Fluctuation theorems are a class of equalities that express universal properties of the probability distribution of a fluctuating path functional such as heat, work or entropy production over an ensemble of trajectories during a non-equilibrium process with a well-defined initial distribution. Jinwoo and [...] Read more.
Fluctuation theorems are a class of equalities that express universal properties of the probability distribution of a fluctuating path functional such as heat, work or entropy production over an ensemble of trajectories during a non-equilibrium process with a well-defined initial distribution. Jinwoo and Tanaka (Jinwoo, L.; Tanaka, H. Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 7832) have shown that work fluctuation theorems hold even within an ensemble of paths to each state, making it clear that entropy and free energy of each microstate encode heat and work, respectively, within the conditioned set. Here we show that information that is characterized by the point-wise mutual information for each correlated state between two subsystems in a heat bath encodes the entropy production of the subsystems and heat bath during a coupling process. To this end, we extend the fluctuation theorem of information exchange (Sagawa, T.; Ueda, M. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2012, 109, 180602) by showing that the fluctuation theorem holds even within an ensemble of paths that reach a correlated state during dynamic co-evolution of two subsystems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes)
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