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Pharmacological Profile of Natural Products: Focus on Oncological Area

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 2045

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
Interests: anticancer pharmacology; natural products; in vitro studies; apoptosis; cell death; non-canonical cell death; genotoxicity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Its prevalence and the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease undoubtedly represent the critical need for more effective pharmacological strategies. An intricate body of knowledge shows that cancer is a disease where many distinct regulatory circuits within each type of cancer cell are disrupted. Due the complex dynamic changes of cancer cells, many targeted antitumor drugs recently approved often fail to provide the expected results. Natural products are an exceptional source of anticancer drugs. Along with their derivatives and analogs, natural products actually play a critical role in cancer pharmacology by modulating many critical targets and signaling pathways of cancer cells. Being complex mixtures of different compounds, natural products offer the opportunity to combat the biological complexity of cancer with complex combinations of compounds with remarkable chemical diversity, leading to multi-faceted pharmacological effects.

The potential of natural products to be promising novel compounds for cancer treatment makes them an important area of research. Therefore, this Special Issue aims to collect articles that explore emerging directions to expand the current knowledge on their therapeutic utility and revitalize natural products search in the oncological area.

Importantly, the exact active ingredient of a natural extract must be reported in the submitted research manuscript, since papers describing the effects of mixed extraction from natural products will not be accepted.

Prof. Dr. Carmela Fimognari
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • natural products
  • cancer
  • cell death
  • cell proliferation
  • immune response
  • molecular mechanisms
  • DNA damage

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 7719 KiB  
Article
Combination of Irinotecan and Melatonin with the Natural Compounds Wogonin and Celastrol for Colon Cancer Treatment
by Anna Radajewska, Helena Moreira, Dorota Bęben, Oliwia Siwiela, Anna Szyjka, Katarzyna Gębczak, Paulina Nowak, Jakub Frąszczak, Fathi Emhemmed, Christian D. Muller and Ewa Barg
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(11), 9544; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119544 - 31 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1676
Abstract
Colorectal cancers are one of the leading cancers worldwide and are known for their high potential for metastasis and resistance to therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various combination therapies of irinotecan with melatonin, wogonin, and celastrol [...] Read more.
Colorectal cancers are one of the leading cancers worldwide and are known for their high potential for metastasis and resistance to therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various combination therapies of irinotecan with melatonin, wogonin, and celastrol on drug-sensitive colon cancer cells (LOVO cell line) and doxorubicin-resistant colon cancer stem-like cells (LOVO/DX cell subline). Melatonin is a hormone synthesized in the pineal gland and is responsible for circadian rhythm. Wogonin and celastrol are natural compounds previously used in traditional Chinese medicine. Selected substances have immunomodulatory properties and anti-cancer potential. First, MTT and flow cytometric annexin-V apoptosis assays were performed to determine the cytotoxic effect and the induction of apoptosis. Then, the potential to inhibit cell migration was evaluated using a scratch test, and spheroid growth was measured. The results showed important cytotoxic effects of the drug combinations on both LOVO and LOVO/DX cells. All tested substances caused an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells in the LOVO cell line and necrotic cells in the LOVO/DX cell subline. The strongest effect on the induction of cancer cell death was observed for the combination of irinotecan with celastrol (1.25 µM) or wogonin (50 µM) and for the combination of melatonin (2000 µM) with celastrol (1.25 µM) or wogonin (50 µM). Statistically significant improvements in the effect of combined therapy were found for the irinotecan (20 µM) and celastrol (1.25 µM) combination and irinotecan (20 µM) with wogonin (25 µM) in LOVO/DX cells. Minor additive effects of combined therapy were observed in LOVO cells. Inhibition of cell migration was seen in LOVO cells for all tested compounds, while only irinotecan (20 µM) and celastrol (1.25 µM) were able to inhibit LOVO/DX cell migration. Compared with single-drug therapy, a statistically significant inhibitory effect on cell migration was found for combinations of melatonin (2000 µM) with wogonin (25 µM) in LOVO/DX cells and irinotecan (5 µM) or melatonin (2000 µM) with wogonin (25 µM) in LOVO cells. Our research shows that adding melatonin, wogonin, or celastrol to standard irinotecan therapy may potentiate the anti-cancer effects of irinotecan alone in colon cancer treatment. Celastrol seems to have the greatest supporting therapy effect, especially for the treatment of aggressive types of colon cancer, by targeting cancer stem-like cells. Full article
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