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Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2024 | Viewed by 808

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
2. Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
3. Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
Interests: biomarker; risk assessment; toxicology; metabolites
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With increases in the use of agricultural pesticides to continuously improve the quality and yields of crops, the general public can simultaneously be exposed to multiple pesticides through the inhalation of air and the consumption of food and water. The potential health effects of pesticides are of great concern. The assessment of co-exposures to multiple pesticides and corresponding health risks will require the integration of toxicological mechanisms of individual pesticides to establish their mode of action for cumulative assessment. Probabilistic cumulative exposure assessment through multiple media and routes can be performed to characterize the variability of exposures and associated risks for the study population, and sensitivity analysis can be conducted to identify the significant parameters associated with exposures and risks. The results of these assessments will reveal the effects of cumulative exposures to multiple pesticides and potential health risks in the daily life of the general public as well as the measures to reduce exposure and risks.

Prof. Dr. Kuenyuh Wu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • multiple pesticides
  • cumulative assessment
  • probabilistic assessment
  • mechanisms of molecular toxicology

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 12472 KiB  
Article
Chromosomal Damage, Chromosome Instability, and Polymorphisms in GSTP1 and XRCC1 as Biomarkers of Effect and Susceptibility in Farmers Exposed to Pesticides
by Fernando Aldana-Salazar, Nelson Rangel, María José Rodríguez, César Baracaldo, María Martínez-Agüero and Milena Rondón-Lagos
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(8), 4167; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084167 - 10 Apr 2024
Viewed by 520
Abstract
In the department of Boyacá, Colombia, agriculture stands as one of the primary economic activities. However, the escalating utilization of pesticides within this sector has sparked concern regarding its potential correlation with elevated risks of genotoxicity, chromosomal alterations, and carcinogenesis. Furthermore, pesticides have [...] Read more.
In the department of Boyacá, Colombia, agriculture stands as one of the primary economic activities. However, the escalating utilization of pesticides within this sector has sparked concern regarding its potential correlation with elevated risks of genotoxicity, chromosomal alterations, and carcinogenesis. Furthermore, pesticides have been associated with a broad spectrum of genetic polymorphisms that impact pivotal genes involved in pesticide metabolism and DNA repair, among other processes. Nonetheless, our understanding of the genotoxic effects of pesticides on the chromosomes (as biomarkers of effect) in exposed farmers and the impact of genetic polymorphisms (as susceptibility biomarkers) on the increased risk of chromosomal damage is still limited. The aim of our study was to evaluate chromosomal alterations, chromosomal instability, and clonal heterogeneity, as well as the presence of polymorphic variants in the GSTP1 and XRCC1 genes, in peripheral blood samples of farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides in Aquitania, Colombia, and in an unexposed control group. Our results showed statistically significant differences in the frequency of numerical chromosomal alterations, chromosomal instability, and clonal heterogeneity levels between the exposed and unexposed groups. In addition, we also found a higher frequency of chromosomal instability and clonal heterogeneity in exposed individuals carrying the heterozygous GSTP1 AG and XRCC1 (exon 10) GA genotypes. The evaluation of chromosomal alterations and chromosomal instability resulting from pesticide exposure, combined with the identification of polymorphic variants in the GSTP1 and XRCC1 genes, and further research involving a larger group of individuals exposed to pesticides could enable the identification of effect and susceptibility biomarkers. Such markers could prove valuable for monitoring individuals occupationally exposed to pesticides. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity 2.0)
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