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Lipids in Fish
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Lipids in Fish

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2021) | Viewed by 6030

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Olesia N. Makhutova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Institute of Biophysics of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
2. Siberian Federal University, Russia
Interests: fatty acids; food webs; trophic transfer; fish; aquatic invertebrates; fatty acid metabolism; lipid biochemistry; biomarker fatty acids

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fish are considered as the most important source of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 family (omega-3 LC-PUFA) in the human diet. These substances provide the normal functioning of the cardiovascular and neural systems, immunity and metabolism in general. The content of omega-3 LC-PUFAs in fish depends on a number of factors and, as a result, varies widely. The needs of the different fishes in LC-PUFA are not the same. Some species efficiently synthesize eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3, DHA) acids from their precursors, while others obtain these PUFAs mainly from food. Anyway, omega-3 LC-PUFAs play an important role in the metabolism of all fish species. Very often omega-6 LC-PUFAs, which are no less important in the metabolism of some fish, are unfairly ignored. A shortage of EPA, DHA and arachidonic (20:4n-6, ARA) acids in fish food leads to the appearance of various pathologies in fish: myocarditis, obesity of the liver and intestines, fin erosion, gill bleeding, curvature of the spine, decreased reproductive potential, etc. At the population level, there is a decrease in growth rate and an increase in fish mortality. Species-specific features of lipid metabolism in fish, e.g., lipid synthesis in different tissues, intestinal lipid absorption and their assimilation, oxylipins synthesis and their role, the relationship of fish lipid composition with their life strategy, etc., are of particular interest. Additionally, the composition of fish lipids contains information about their diet, which helps to determine positions of fish species in trophic webs of natural ecosystems. Evaluation of lipid metabolism in fish allows more efficient and sustainable exploitation of wild fish resources as well as aquaculture development.

Dr. Olesia N. Makhutova
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • fatty acid metabolism
  • enzymes
  • lipid absorption
  • lipid assimilation
  • lipid content and composition
  • fish diseases
  • fish diet
  • aquaculture
  • trophic transfer
  • food webs

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1991 KiB  
Article
Shotgun Lipidomics for the Determination of Phospholipid and Eicosanoid Profiles in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) Muscle Tissue Using Electrospray Ionization (ESI)-MS/MS Spectrometric Analysis
by JuDong Yeo and Christopher C. Parrish
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(5), 2272; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052272 - 25 Feb 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2330
Abstract
Shotgun lipidomics was applied to identify and quantify phospholipids (PLs) in salmon muscle tissue by focusing on the distribution of ω-3 fatty acids (e.g., docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) in the form of phospholipids, as well as to identify and quantify [...] Read more.
Shotgun lipidomics was applied to identify and quantify phospholipids (PLs) in salmon muscle tissue by focusing on the distribution of ω-3 fatty acids (e.g., docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) in the form of phospholipids, as well as to identify and quantify eicosanoids, which has not yet been attempted in Atlantic salmon muscle. Shotgun lipidomics enabled the identification of 43 PL species belonging to four different classes: phosphatidylcholines (PCs), phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), phosphatidylserines (PSs), and phosphatidylinositols (PIs). Among others, 16:0-22:6 PtdCho m/z [M + Na]+ at 828.4 was the predominant PL species in salmon muscle tissue. The present study provided the quantification of individual phospholipid species, which has not been performed for salmon muscle tissue so far. In addition, two eicosanoids—prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F3α (PGF3α)—were identified for the first time in salmon muscle. Thus, the rapid and high-throughput shotgun lipidomics approach should shed new light on phospholipids and eicosanoids in salmon muscle tissue. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipids in Fish)
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17 pages, 654 KiB  
Article
Recovery of Fatty Acid Composition in Mediterranean Yellowtail (Seriola dumerili, Risso 1810) fed a Fish-Oil Finishing Diet
by Francesco Bordignon, Silvia Martínez-Llorens, Angela Trocino, Miguel Jover-Cerdá and Ana Tomás-Vidal
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(14), 4871; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21144871 - 09 Jul 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2541
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effects of wash-out on the fatty acid (FA) composition in the muscles of Mediterranean yellowtail. After 109 days during which fish were fed either a fish oil (FO)-based diet (FO 100) or a diet (FO 0) in which [...] Read more.
The present study evaluated the effects of wash-out on the fatty acid (FA) composition in the muscles of Mediterranean yellowtail. After 109 days during which fish were fed either a fish oil (FO)-based diet (FO 100) or a diet (FO 0) in which FO was completely substituted by vegetable oils, all fish were subjected to a wash-out with FO 100 diet for 90 days. The FA profile of muscles in fish fed FO 0 diet at the beginning of the experiment reflected that of dietary vegetable oils, rich in linoleic acid (LA), and α-linolenic acid (ALA), and was deficient in AA (arachidonic acid), EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). No essential FA were fully restored in fish previously fed FO 0 diet on 45th or 90th day of wash-out. At the end of wash-out, the FA composition showed that AA, EPA, and DHA in the white muscles increased by +33%, +16%, and +43% (p < 0.001), respectively. Similarly, AA and DHA in the red muscles increased by +33% and +41% respectively, while EPA remained similar to fish fed FO 0 diet exclusively. Therefore, a 90-d wash-out can partially improve the FA profile in muscles of Mediterranean yellowtail previously fed vegetable oil-based diets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipids in Fish)
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