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New Diagnostic Tools and Biomarkers in Oncological Diseases 2.0
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New Diagnostic Tools and Biomarkers in Oncological Diseases 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2024 | Viewed by 1963

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Bruna Scaggiante

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Giorgeri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
Interests: biological fluids; cancer; cancer biomarkers; cfDI; cfDNA; cfNA; copy number variation; ctDNA; ddPCR; disease-free survival; epigenetic; epigenetic sequencing; exosome; extracellular vesicle; genotyping; liquid biopsy; miRNA; mRNA; mutation; ncRNA; next- generation sequencing; overall survival; progression-free survival; recurrence-free survival; whole-exome sequencing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Personalized medicine has become a new paradigm for the treatment of a variety of diseases.

New diagnostic tools and biomarkers have transformed the understanding of oncologic diseases over the past decade and have helped to provide patients with the best screening, diagnosis, prognosis, therapy, and follow-up.

For example, liquid biopsy has great potential for precision medicine, especially in solid tumors, liquid biopsy is suitable for screening, diagnosis, prognosis, predictive value, and disease monitoring. In addition, other small molecules such as miRNA, ncRNA, and exosomes can be used for tumor diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Also, the new technologies and the high throughput facilities have substantially increased the sensitivity and rapidity of the oncological tests and other potential improvements are ongoing.

This Special Issue aims to publish the recent advances in the new diagnostic tools and biomarkers for oncological diseases. Original research and review articles are welcome in this Special Issue.

More published papers can be found in the closed special issue: New Diagnostic Tools and Biomarkers in Oncological Diseases.

Dr. Bruna Scaggiante
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oncologic diseases
  • biomarkers
  • liquid biopsy
  • miRNA
  • ncRNA
  • exosomes

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1131 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Untargeted Metabolomics by Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry to Define Breast Cancer Liquid Biopsy-Based Biomarkers in Plasma Samples
by Carmen González Olmedo, Leticia Díaz Beltrán, Verónica Madrid García, José Luis Palacios Ferrer, Alicia Cano Jiménez, Rocío Urbano Cubero, José Pérez del Palacio, Caridad Díaz, Francisca Vicente and Pedro Sánchez Rovira
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5098; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105098 - 7 May 2024
Viewed by 518
Abstract
An early diagnosis of cancer is fundamental not only in regard to reducing its mortality rate but also in terms of counteracting the progression of the tumor in the initial stages. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumor pathology in women and [...] Read more.
An early diagnosis of cancer is fundamental not only in regard to reducing its mortality rate but also in terms of counteracting the progression of the tumor in the initial stages. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumor pathology in women and the second deathliest cancer worldwide, although its survival rate is increasing thanks to improvements in screening programs. However, the most common techniques to detect a breast tumor tend to be time-consuming, unspecific or invasive. Herein, the use of untargeted hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry analysis appears as an analytical technique with potential use for the early detection of biomarkers in liquid biopsies from BC patients. In this research, plasma samples from 134 BC patients were compared with 136 from healthy controls (HC), and multivariate statistical analyses showed a clear separation between four BC phenotypes (LA, LB, HER2, and TN) and the HC group. As a result, we identified two candidate biomarkers that discriminated between the groups under study with a VIP > 1 and an AUC of 0.958. Thus, targeting the specific aberrant metabolic pathways in future studies may allow for better molecular stratification or early detection of the disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Diagnostic Tools and Biomarkers in Oncological Diseases 2.0)
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14 pages, 933 KiB  
Article
The Usefulness of Vitamin K-Dependent Proteins in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Carcinoma
by Mirela-Georgiana Perné, Adela-Viviana Sitar-Tăut, Olga Hilda Orășan, Vasile Negrean, Călin Vasile Vlad, Teodora-Gabriela Alexescu, Mircea Vasile Milaciu, Lorena Ciumărnean, Răzvan Dan Togănel, Gabriel Emil Petre, Ioan Șimon and Alexandra Crăciun
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(9), 4997; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094997 - 3 May 2024
Viewed by 298
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common neoplasms in developed countries, with increasing incidence and mortality, even in young people. A variety of serum markers have been associated with CRC (CEA, CA 19-9), but neither should be used as a screening [...] Read more.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common neoplasms in developed countries, with increasing incidence and mortality, even in young people. A variety of serum markers have been associated with CRC (CEA, CA 19-9), but neither should be used as a screening tool for the diagnosis or evolution staging of CRC. The sensitivity and specificity of these markers are not as good as is required, so new ones need to be found. Matrix Gla protein and PIVKA II are involved in carcinogenesis, but few studies have evaluated their usefulness in predicting the presence and severity of CRC. Two hundred patients were divided into three groups: 80 patients were included in the control group; 80 with CRC and without hepatic metastasis were included in Group 1; 40 patients with CRC and hepatic metastasis were included in Group 2. Vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs) levels in plasma were determined. Patients with CRC without methastasis (Group 1) and CRC patients with methastasis (Group 2) presented significantly higher values of CEA, CA 19-9, PIVKA II (310.05 ± 38.22 vs. 430.13 ± 122.13 vs. 20.23 ± 10.90), and ucMGP (14,300.00 ± 2387.02 vs. 13,410.52 ± 2243.16 vs. 1780.31 ± 864.70) compared to control group (Group 0). Interestingly, Group 1 presented the greatest PIVKA II values. Out of all the markers, significant differences between the histological subgroups were found only for ucMGP, but only in non-metastatic CRC. Studying the discrimination capacity between the patients with CRC vs. those without, no significant differences were found between the classical tumor markers and the VKDP AUROC curves (PIVKA II and ucMGP AUROCs = 1). For the metastatic stage, the sensitivity and specificity of the VKDPs were lower in comparison with those of CA 19-9 and CEA, respectively (PIVKA II AUROC = 0.789, ucMGP AUROC = 0.608). The serum levels of these VKDPs are significantly altered in patients with colorectal carcinoma; it is possible to find additional value of these in the early stages of the disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Diagnostic Tools and Biomarkers in Oncological Diseases 2.0)
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13 pages, 3658 KiB  
Article
Identification of Serum Biomarkers to Monitor Therapeutic Response in Intestinal-Type Gastric Cancer
by Laura F. Dagley, Jumana Yousef, Adele Preaudet, Andrea Loving, Andrew I. Webb, Matthias Ernst and Tracy L. Putoczki
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(6), 3129; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063129 - 8 Mar 2024
Viewed by 667
Abstract
There are a limited number of clinically useful serum biomarkers to predict tumor onset or treatment response in gastric cancer (GC). For this reason, we explored the serum proteome of the gp130Y757F murine model of intestinal-type gastric cancer (IGC). We identified 30 [...] Read more.
There are a limited number of clinically useful serum biomarkers to predict tumor onset or treatment response in gastric cancer (GC). For this reason, we explored the serum proteome of the gp130Y757F murine model of intestinal-type gastric cancer (IGC). We identified 30 proteins with significantly elevated expression in early gp130Y757F IGC and 12 proteins that were significantly elevated in late gp130Y757F IGC compared to age- and gender-matched wild-type mice. Within these signatures, there was an overlap of 10 proteins commonly elevated in both early- and late-stage disease. These results highlight the potential to identify serum biomarkers of disease stage. Since IGC in the gp130Y757F model can be reversed following therapeutic inhibition of Interleukin (IL)-11, we explored whether the protein signatures we identified could be used to monitor tumor regression. We compared two different therapeutic modalities and found 5 proteins to be uniquely differentially expressed between control animals and animals halfway through treatment, with 10 differentially expressed at the end of treatment. Our findings highlight the potential to identify reliable biomarkers to track IGC tumor regression in response to treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Diagnostic Tools and Biomarkers in Oncological Diseases 2.0)
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