Dear Colleagues,

Age is the greatest risk factor for chronic diseases such as cancer, metabolic disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. The pillars of aging include inflammaging and metabolism, key fields of molecular and translational research critical to the aging process and age-related diseases.

Sirtuins regulate the activity of proteins implicated in metabolism, oxidative stress, cell survival, and autophagy, potentially affecting health span by mediating the crosstalk between the environment and genome. Other factors contributing to aging and human diseases, including diabetes and cancer, are epigenetic mechanisms that include DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications (PTM) and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by noncoding RNAs (microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs). Epigenetic regulation has been identified as a key mechanism to regulate age-related phenotype and age-related diseases. In this regard, the intake of specific nutrients or nutraceuticals with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects may improve health status by affecting transcription and translation and gene expression profile.

In the past few years, basic and translational research has been focused on sirtuins and epigenetics, as well as the identification of novel modulators able to target with high specificity the pathways of aging and diseases. Moreover, the discovery of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, long non coding RNAs and other minor classes of RNAs, has disclosed a new scenario for the determination of novel molecular targets in the treatment of chronic degenerative diseases including cancer and metabolic diseases.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences will focus on recent advances on “Sirtuins and Epigenetics in Aging and Diseases 2.0”, including new insights into the molecular epigenetic mechanisms of aging, cancer, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, emerging data on natural or synthetic epigenetic modulators in relation with new therapeutic options are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Maria Luisa Balestrieri
Prof. Dr. Michele Caraglia
Dr. Nunzia D’Onofrio
Dr. Amalia Luce
Guest Editors

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• epigenetics
• sirtuins
• aging
• cancer
• cardiovascular disease
• diabetes
• miRNA
• long non-coding RNAs
• inflammation
• therapeutics